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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 41 (1981), S. 271-279 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cerebellar enolases ; Neuronal marker ; Astrocytic marker ; Immunohistology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A comparative immunohistological study of the neurone-specific γγ enolase and αα enolase, demonstrates the exclusive neuronal localization of γγ enolase and its absence from glial cells. In contrast, αα enolase is located in astroglial cells. The validity of γγ enolase as a neuronal marker and αα enolase as an astrocytic marker, is confirmed both by a double labelling technique, using antibodies to αα and to γγ revealed with fluorescence or peroxidase in the same tissue sections, and by immunoelectronmicroscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 57 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cultures of chromaffin cells isolated from the bovine adrenal medulla have been extremely useful for investigating secretory mechanisms, but such cultures used up to the present time represent mixed populations of adrenergic and nor-adrenergic cells. This report describes how, with slight modifications to standard procedures, two separate chromaffin cell populations may be separated from bovine adrenal medullae. These two cell fractions have been characterized by biochemical, immunocytochemical, and morphological techniques as enriched populations of adrenergic or noradrenergic cells, respectively. The adrenergic cell-enriched fraction consists of 〉90% adrenergic cells, whereas the noradrenergic cell-enriched fraction contains 〉60% noradrenergic cells. We also demonstrate that these cells may be cultured with their secretory machinery intact: analysis of secreted catecholamines from nicotine- or high K+ concentration-stimulated cells cultured from each fraction confirms that adrenaline is the major catecholamine secreted by one fraction, whereas noradrenaline is mainly secreted by the other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 36 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The glial cell contents of S lOO protein, 2′3′-cyclic AMP, 3′- phosphohydrolase (CNP), isoenzyme II of carbonic anhydrase (CAII) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) were biochemically determined in the cerebellum and cerebrum of the reeler mutant mouse. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, shown by this study, contain abnormal amounts of these components. The CAII concentration was significantly increased in the particulate fraction of the reeler cerebellum and cerebrum (by 50% and 89%, respectively). The BuChE specific activity was greatly increased in the reeler, by 120% for cerebellum and by 40% in cerebrum. In contrast, the SlOO protein concentration was reduced in the reeler cerebellum by 40% and by 25% in cerebrum, while the CNP specific activity increased by 30% in the reeler cerebellum. In addition, the glial cell distribution was studied by immunohistological techniques with antibodies directed against S 100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) and CAII. Apparently the density of glial cells is not significantly affected. However, the Golgi epithelial cells were usually abnormally placed and their Bergmann fibres were less well developed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 17 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —A study of the staining characteristics of Alcian blue in mammalian peripheral myelinated nerve in the presence of added electrolyte has enabled a comparison to be made of polyanions, formerly shown to be present at nodes of Ranvier, with other chemically defined macromolecules present in the same tissue. Two types of polyanion were shown to exist at nodes, one probably carboxylated and the other containing in addition sulphate ester groups. The possible physiological functions of such materials are discussed in relation to the role played by the nodes of Ranvier in conduction of the nerve impulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 33 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —A separation of soluble brain proteins and Con A-binding glycoproteins by chromatography on calcium hydroxylapatite in the presence of SDS is described. Seventeen Coomassie Blue-stained bands were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in SDS of Con A-binding glycoproteins of the soluble fraction of rat brain: 16 of these were found by in vivo uptake of [3H]fucose to be fucosylglycoproteins. Hydroxylapatite chromatography yielded several glycoprotein pools, each of which was shown by gel electrophoresis to contain between 4 and 8 individual glycoproteins. Such pools were enriched in [36H]fucose relative to the brain soluble fraction by factors of between 6 and 21. Preliminary experiments demonstrate that this method is also applicable to the fractionation of membrane-bound glycoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 7 (1982), S. 349-362 
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A comparison is made of the immunohistochemistry at the ultrastructural level of three monoclonal antibodies directed against surface components of CNS cells. Hybridomas secreting these antibodies were obtained from two cell fusions of a rat myeloma cell line and immune splenocytes derived from rats immunized either with primary mouse brain cultured cells or membrane components. In cultures one antibody, anti-BSP-2 (Brain Surface Protein-2), was preferentially directed against neurones while another, anti-BSP-3 (Brain Surface Protein-3), preferentially labeled astrocytes. In mouse cerebellar sections, both labeled the surface of Purkinje cells, granule cells and astrocytes. In addition a cytoplasm localization was apparent in granule cells and astrocytes. Another antibody anti-MESA-1 (Mouse Endothelial Surface Antigen-1) reacted exclusively with the surface of endothelial cells lining blood vessels. These data are discussed with reference to the biochemical nature of the corresponding antigens and to known glycoproteins of neural cell membranes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 204 (1964), S. 53-54 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] DURING recent years considerable interest has been taken in the surface membranes of tumour cells. A relative increase in the electrophoretic mobility between tumour cells and their normal counterparts has been observed in a number of cases1'2. It has also been shown that a high cellular mobility ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 9 (1980), S. 783-798 
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural localization of the neuron-specific enolase (14-3-2 protein) has been investigated in the cerebellum of the adult rat using the indirect antibody immunohistochemical method. The protein was found exclusively in neurons: perikaryal cytoplasm, axons and dendrites were labelled while nuclei were not. Reaction product was found to be attached to intracytoplasmic membranes, the surface membranes of mitochondria and microtubules in addition to its dispersion as a flocculent material throughout the cytoplasm. All classes of cerebellar neurons were found to be labelled though large variations in the level of labelling between different types of neuron were noted. Purkinje cells appeared to have a much lower cytoplasmic concentration of this protein than other neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurocytology 7 (1978), S. 479-488 
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fate of tritiated fucose in rat cerebellum has been followed using autoradiographic techniques for a period up to one week after intraventricular injection. At intervals of up to three hours after injection, Purkinje and granule cell bodies were found to be most heavily labelled. Subsequently this labelling declined and the highest grain density was observed over the molecular layer. The data is interpreted in terms of fucose incorporation into glycoproteins in nerve cell bodies followed by rapid dendritic transport in the Purkinje cell and fast transport in granule cells along ascending axons and parallel fibres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 13 (1981), S. 137-148 
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical methods were used to study in the optical and electron microscopes the localization of the so-called ‘non-neuronal enolase’ (the αα-isoenzyme) in adult mouse cerebellum. Three separate methods, including a novel modification involving sequential incubation with biotin-conjugated sheep anti-rabbit serum and avidin-conjugated peroxidase to reveal tissue-bound specific antibody, gave similar results. The enolase was found exclusively in astrocytes: astrocyte perikaryal cytoplasm and processes were heavily labelled and nuclei were frequently stained. The extensive network of astrocyte processes in the granular layer and white matter and the Bergmann fibres in the molecular layer are readily visualized by these methods. Neither neurones nor oligodendrocytes were found to be labelled. The results are discussed in relation to the possible existence of a hybrid form of the enolase and the biochemistry of cerebellar glial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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