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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of water distribution in cell pellets using nonlabeled sodium thiosulfate as an interstitial space marker (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biotechnology progress 9 (1993), S. 214-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6033
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp00020a016
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aroma production by spores ofPenicillium roqueforti on a synthetic medium (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 3 (1988), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Penicillium roqueforti ; Methyl ketone ; Aroma ; Buckwheat ; Volatile loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The synthesis of 2-heptanone from the sodium salt of octanoic acid by spores of five strains ofPenicillium roqueforti was studied. The strains showed a high disparity in kinetic behavior. The one selected, which was originally isolated from blue cheese, had a good resistance to substrate inhibition along with a good apparent biotransformation yield (close to 60%). An activator was needed in the incubation medium. The loss of activity of aging spores was reduced by the activator compounds; ethanol exhibited the highest efficiency. When spores were produced on buckwheat seeds with a solid state fermentation technique, the medium itself was an activator source. When the biotransformation reaction was carried out in a stirred aerated fermentor, the volatile loss by air-stream stripping had to be taken into account. No ketone metabolism occurred with the strain used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569435
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of the spore production of Penicillium roqueforti in solid substrate fermentation on buckwheat seeds (1988)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 28 (1988), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The effect of substrate (buckwheat seeds) pretreatment on the growth and the sporulation behaviour of Penicillium roqueforti is presented. When a saccharifying enzyme (α-amylase) is added to a medium which exhibits a low water content (0.46 g water/g initial dry matter, IDM), a more rapid internal colonization of the seeds occurs, but the final spore production does not increase and remains close to 8.109 spores/g dry matter (DM) at 500 h. No carbon source limitation is then observed. The addition of casein hydrolysate to this medium gives rise to a great increase of the sporulation, since 14.5 109 spores/g DM are obtained after 600 h. This result is attained by a better spore yield from the mycelium, the substrate colonization being unchanged. High water content (0.60 g water/g IDM) of buckwheat seeds induces a shorter cultivation time along with a higher biomass production. However, the spore content of the medium remains close to the low water content one, but 60% total spores are external against 30% to 35% in the other media.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250504
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fed-batch technique for 2-heptanone production by spores of Penicillium roquefortii (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 34 (1990), S. 20-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary A fed-batch technique for the production of 2-heptanone from octanoic acid by Ca-alginate/Eudragit RL-entrapped spores of Penicillium roquefortii is presented. It involves the use of a pH-stat apparatus, the increase in pH arising due to the reaction being overcome by direct substrate addition. When the reaction is performed at pH 5.5, no true constant rate period can be achieved due to a gradual buffering of the medium connected with a decrease in the catalytic activity of the spores. At pH 6.5 the system exhibits high stability and the reaction rate remains constant for at least 300 h with a value of 0.975 mM/h and a substrate concentration close to 4 mM. The process used may be very useful in the study of long-term behaviour of biocatalysts when the medium is not renewed and when the reaction involves an ionic compound and a neutral one.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170917
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spore production ofPenicillium roqueforti in fermentors filled with buckwheat seeds: batch and semi-continuous cultivation (1986)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 24 (1986), S. 134-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The behaviour of a drum fermentor and a column fermentor during the sporulation ofPenicillium roqueforti on buckwheat seeds is presented. The main problem encountered during the course of a cultivation is the free water released (about 0.1 ml/g dry matter) which must be removed from the medium. The rotation of the drum fermentor may disturb the growth and the sporulation. The column fermentor thus represents the best way to perform batch cultivation of the fungus: 109 external spores/g dry matter are obtained. Semi-continous cultivation, with sequential emptying and filling, is performed in 1-liter bottles. This kind of cultivation may give a maximal average productivity close to 9.2·106 external spores/g dry matter per hour. A drum fermentor, rotading only when emptying and filling, could represent an alternative to perform this kind of cultivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00938784
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spore production ofPenicillium roqueforti in fermentors filled with buckwheat seeds: batch and semi-continuous cultivation (1986)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 24 (1986), S. 134-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The behaviour of a drum fermentor and a column fermentor during the sporulation ofPenicillium roqueforti on buckwheat seeds is presented. The main problem encountered during the course of a cultivation is the free water released (about 0.1 ml/g dry matter) which must be removed from the medium. The rotation of the drum fermentor may disturb the growth and the sporulation. The column fermentor thus represents the best way to perform batch cultivation of the fungus: 109 external spores/g dry matter are obtained. Semi-continous cultivation, with sequential emptying and filling, is performed in 1-liter bottles. This kind of cultivation may give a maximal average productivity close to 9.2·106 external spores/g dry matter per hour. A drum fermentor, rotading only when emptying and filling, could represent an alternative to perform this kind of cultivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01982556
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A gas phase chromatography method for determination of low dissolved CO2 concentration and/or CO2 solubility in microbial culture media (1995)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 9 (1995), S. 787-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract CO2 concentration in aqueous samples was derived from determination of the CO2 content in the gas phase at equilibrium with the liquid by gas chromatography. This technique was used to measure low dissolved CO2 concentrations, down to 10−6 mol/L, and CO2 solubility in microbial culture media. The method gave results with an accuracy within 10%, and appeared thus as reliable and sensitive. It could be considered as a valuable tool to study CO2 mass transfer in bio-processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00159402
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gluconate production by spores of Aspergillus niger (1996)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 18 (1996), S. 1025-1030 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Spores of Aspergillus niger obtained by solid state fermentation on buckwheat seeds produced gluconic acid from glucose with a high yield, near 1.06 g gluconic acid/g glucose, close to the stoichiometric value. The reaction itself could be carried out either with purified biocatalyst or with the whole buckwheat medium resulting from spore production process. 200 g gluconic acid/L were obtained in 200 h with sequential feedings of glucose up to 190 g/L.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129725
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Batch and continuous 2-heptanone production by Ca-alginate/Eudragit RL entrapped spores of Penicillium roquefortii (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 34 (1989), S. 30-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The synthesis of 2-heptanone from octanoic acid by Caalginate/Eudragit RL entrapped spores of Penicillium roquefortii is performed in batch and continuous reactions. The measurement of the HCI solution needed to overcome the pH increase during the course of a reaction allows continuous monitoring of the reaction progress of batch as well as continuous processes without any aliquot sampling. The hydration of the biocatalyst prior to a bioconversion performance is of major importance to achieve reproducible results. A continuous reaction carried out at pH 6.5 for one month demonstrates the feasibility of such a process and shows that the reaction occurs with a Michaelian behavior, with KM = 1.82 mmol/L and rsm = 0.82 mmol/L h, and no intraparticle diffusion limitation is found. The complex behavior of the spores during batch reactions makes this kind of operation unsuitable for kinetic studies.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260340105
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spore production of Penicillium roqueforti by solid state fermentation: Stoichiometry, growth and sporulation behavior (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 29 (1987), S. 1050-1058 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The development of Penicillium roqueforti on buckwheat seeds proceeds roughly into four steps, involving a lag phase and three growth phases. First, it appears as a spore germination and external colonization of the grains by the mycelium. Then, mainly external sporulation and internal colonization of the seeds occur and finally internal sporulation takes place. The Stoichiometry of the growth and the sporulation is established. Kinetic experiments performed in a fixed bed reactor show that the growth of the microorganism (biomass production) may be estimated by the protein content of the medium. This growth occurs with a very low μmax value close to 0.030 h-1. The chitin content of the medium is an indicator of the sporulation, just as the metabolic liquor (mainly water) produced during the course of a cultivation. The values of the observed respiratory quotient are close to those predicted by stoichiometry.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260290903
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