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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of channelisation on riparian plant assemblages (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 50 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. A comparative study of species diversity and assemblage patterns of herbaceous ground-flora communities in riparian areas was performed along natural mid-sized lowland streams and their channelised counterparts. The areas had open vegetation and were positioned along 18 similar-sized third to fourth order stream reaches.2. Alpha diversity was significantly higher along natural streams both at the sample plot and reach scale. Sample plot diversity peaked at intermediate distance from the natural stream reaches, whereas it increased with increasing distance from the channelised reaches. Both gamma diversity, measured and estimated from species-area curves, and beta diversity, which is a measure of the change in diversity between areas, was similar along the two types of streams.3. Alpha diversity correlated with several of the measured and calibrated environmental variables. The positive correlation between bank slope and alpha diversity indicates that flooding plays a key role in maintaining high levels of diversity along natural streams.4. Species composition varied significantly between the two stream types. A cluster analysis identified four clusters of which two clusters (one and three) primarily included species associated with sample plots in areas along natural streams. Most cluster one and three species were also identified as indicator species for this stream type.5. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that cluster one species were less productive species associated with high total soil carbon and nitrogen contents, whereas cluster three species were highly productive species associated with high soil moisture levels, probably partly resulting from flooding. Our results suggest that distance from the stream channel imposes a probabilistic gradient that sustains co-occurrence of these two communities in riparian areas along natural mid-sized lowland streams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2005.01383.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macroinvertebrate stream communities along regional and physico-chemical gradients in Western Greenland (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 46 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. Macroinvertebrates were collected and physico-chemical variables measured at 16 stream sites in Western Greenland during July 1999. Eight sites were located on Disko Island in an arctic oceanic climate and eight sites in the Kangerlussuaq area close to the icecap where the climate is arctic continental. The streams had different water sources (glacial, groundwater, snowmelt and lake water).2. The streams showed pronounced differences in water temperature (2.2–17.3 °C), concentrations of suspended solids (0–2400 mg L−1), and conductivity (10–109 μS cm−1). Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of the physico-chemical variables separated the Disko Island sites into a distinct group, whereas the sites in the Kangerlussuaq area were more dispersed.3. A total of 56 macroinvertebrate species were found, including 31 species of Chironomidae, the most abundant of which was Orthocladius thienemanni. Diamesa sp. was only the sixth most abundant chironomid taxon. Species composition varied between sites, and abundance varied from about 20 individuals m−2 in a glacier fed stream to more than 16 000 m−2 in a lake outlet.4. The macroinvertebrate communities of the 16 streams were separated into five TWINSPAN groups reflecting water source, irrespective of region. Lake outlets and ground-water-fed streams had the highest species richness and abundance, temperature and bed stability, while glacier-fed streams were characterized by low species richness, abundance, temperature, bed stability and high concentrations of suspended solids. Macroinvertebrate species richness was positively correlated with water temperature and negatively with bed stability. Conductivity was positively correlated with invertebrate abundance.5. The results of this study suggest that the source of stream water can be used to predict invertebrate community composition in Greenlandic streams and thus the effects of changes in water balance and flow regime, and to identify sites of special conservation interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00857.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postoperative pain in children: a survey of parents' expectations and perceptions of their children's experiences (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Parental expectation and participation in postoperative analgesia is very important in paediatric practice. In order to improve postoperative pain management in children, the parents of 31 elective surgical children, three months to 15 years of age, were asked preoperatively about their expectations regarding their children's postoperative pain and pain relief. At 24 h after surgery, the parents were asked about their perceptions of their children's pain and pain control. The survey indicates that the parents had high expectations of good pain relief. They wanted effective analgesia administered promptly when the children had some pain. However, current practice in controlling pain after surgery is still not optimal. Nine (29%) of the children experienced severe or unbearable pain or experienced pain for the whole of the 24 h after surgery. An approach to improve pain management in children could be for the hospital staff to reorganize and to develop an ‘acute pain service’. A pain service may not require new technology, but instead be based on more effective communication and skill in utilizing the traditional systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9592.1996.tb00431.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acquired antiestrogen resistance in MCF-7 human breast cancer sublines is not accomplished by altered expression of receptors in the ErbB-family (1999)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 58 (1999), S. 41-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: antiestrogens ; EGFR ; HER-2/neu ; heregulinl-β1 ; MCF-7 ; resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Development of acquired resistance against antiestrogen treatment is a serious problem in human breast cancer, and knowledge of alterations resulting in resistance is important for selection of further treatment. To mimic the clinical situation we have established a series of MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines by long term treatment with the antiestrogens tamoxifen, ICI 164,384, and ICI 182,780. Common for these cell lines is a decreased expression of the estrogen receptor α(ERα). In human breast cancer, lack of response to endocrine therapy is often associated with decreased expression of the estrogen receptor and increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or HER-2/neu (ErbB-2). Our antiestrogen resistant cell lines did not express altered levels of EGFR, HER-2/neu, ErbB-3, or ErbB-4. Estrogen and antiestrogen regulation of HER-2/neu expression was essentially similar in parent and resistant MCF-7 cells. Treatment with antibodies to HER-2/neu (HerceptinTM) did not affect growth of MCF-7 cells or resistant cells, indicating that in this in vitro model system, acquired antiestrogen resistance does not emerge from activation of the HER-2/neu signaling pathway. In MCF-7 cells transfected with HER-2/neu and/or ErbB-3, overexpression alone did not result in resistance. However, addition of heregulinl-β1 abolished the inhibitory activity of ICI 182,780 on both vector and HER-2/neu/ErbB-3 transfected MCF-7 cells, demonstrating that activation of the HER-2/neu receptor signaling pathway can override the growth inhibitory effect of ICI 182,780.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006232830161
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent Arctic ozone layer (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 343 (1990), S. 124-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-The Arctic ozone layer has been studied since 1935 from the Norwegian station in Troms0 (70° N). Long series of observations are also available for the stations in Oslo (60° N) and Spitsberggen (79° N). The Oslo station, where the measurements are not hampered by the FIG. 1 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/343124a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of femoral shaft fractures with Grosse-Kempf intramedullary nail (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of orthopaedic science 5 (2000), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2023
    Keywords: Key words Femoral fractures ; Nailing ; Follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ninety consecutive femoral shaft fractures in 87 patients treated by reamed Grosse-Kempf intramedullary nailing were reviewed. The median observation time was 45 months. The functional results were excellent or good in 82% of the fractures, fair in 16%, and poor in 2%. Four non-unions and two superficial infections were observed. Leg shortening of more than 2 cm was recorded in 2 patients. Rotatory malalignment exceeded more than 15° in 2 patients. We conclude that reamed Grosse-Kempf intramedullary nailing is an excellent treatment for femoral shaft fractures. Although this study represents the first period during which we used the nail, the number of complications was acceptable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007760070038
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation of slope winds to the ambient flow over gentle terrain (1990)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 53 (1990), S. 93-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Four years of continuous tower data collected at the Risø National Laboratory are analyzed to study the climatological influence of a gentle slope on surface winds. Under very stable nocturnal conditions, the surface air tends to flow down the slope, at least intermittently, regardless of the direction of the overlying ambient wind. With more significant upslope ambient wind and only modest stability, downslope gravity flow is normally prevented. However, the slope-buoyancy effect is still of importance in that it retards the upslope flow of cold air. This effect is of climatic importance for the data studied here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00122465
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Afforestation on Acidity and Invertebrates in Danish Streams and Implications for Freshwater Communities in Denmark (1998)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 101 (1998), S. 235-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: acidity ; afforestation ; conifers ; invertebrates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between acidity and benthic invertebrate communities was investigated in two small streams in coniferous forests in central Jutland, Denmark, during 1992 and 1993. Stream pH was acid (mean pH 4.8 and 5.4) and alkalinity fluctuated greatly with mean values around zero. During rain events, water from springfed reaches upstream were mixed downstream with brown humic acid water with high aluminium content, and pH declined from circumneutral near the springs down to pH below 4 over a very short distance (0.5–1.5 km). The benthic invertebrate communities in the most acidic downstream reaches of both streams were dominated by filipalpian stoneflies, mainly Leuctra nigra (Olv.). Community composition remained very similar throughout the sampling period despite variations in pH. In the upper (neutral) reaches invertebrates intolerant of low pH such as Gammarus pulex L. were found. The concentrations of chloride and sulphate in the streams were more than double the concentrations in a nearby moorland stream indicating a strong impact of acidifying atmospheric deposition on the two forest streams. Results of this study indicate that afforestation with conifers on sandy Danish soils with low buffering capacity (about 25% of the total Danish land area) may lead to an increased acidification of surface waters and thereby also to an impoverished aquatic fauna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004949203686
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computations in limit analysis for plastic plates (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 19 (1983), S. 169-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A class of mixed finite element discretizations of the problem of limit analysis for plastic plates is analysed. For the discrete problem we discuss a linear programming approach based on linearization of the yield condition and a convex programming approach based on the exact Mises condition. Applying the method to rectangular plates with uniform load and concentrated loads we get improved and new results partly in disagreement with one of our references.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620190203
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does vacuum mixing of bone cement affect heat generation? Analysis of four cement brands (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 6 (1995), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Four different brands of bone cement (Palacos R, Simplex P, Sulfix, CMW 1) were tested for exothermic changes during polymerization at atmospheric pressure and under partial vacuum of 0.2 bar. Palacos R was also mixed at four pressure levels (1.0, 0.2, 0.12, and 0.05 bar). The peak temperature in the bone cement was 46 to 124 °C, depending on the measuring point. There was no difference in peak temperature or duration of temperature increase above 50 °C during the curing of cement whether mixed at atmospheric pressure or under partial vacuum at different pressure levels. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770060204
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