ISSN:
1573-7225
Keywords:
Bladder cancer
;
chlorine
;
United States
;
water supply
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Medicine
Notes:
Abstract A population-based case-control study was conducted in WashingtonCounty, Maryland (United States) to explore the association between incidentbladder cancer and exposure to drinking water from chlorinated surfacesources. Cancer cases were White residents, enumerated in a 1975 countycensus and reported to the Washington County Cancer Registry (n = 294)between 1975 and 1992. White controls, frequency matched by age (± 5 years)and gender, were selected randomly from the census (n = 2,326). Householdsreceiving municipal water, which generally derived from chlorinated surfacewaters, were treated as having ‘high exposure‘ and all others, as ‘lowexposure.’ Duration of exposure to type of drinking water was based on lengthof residence in the census household prior to 1975. Odds ratios (OR) werecalculated using logistic regression methods, adjusting for age, gender,tobacco use, and urbanicity. Bladder cancer risk was associated weakly in thegeneral population with duration o f exposure to municipal water. Theassociation was limited to those who had smoked cigarettes. In ever-smokerscompared with never-smokers with low exposure, the adjusted ORs for bladdercancer risk with increasing exposure were 1.3, 1.4, 1.4, 1.7, 2.2, 2.8,respectively, for 0, 1-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 〉 40 years' exposureduration. The ORs in smokers were not diminished after adjusting for smokinghistory and intensity.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018431421567
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