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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 5 (1977), S. 248-259 
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The frequency of ciliary beat was measured by laser light-scattering spectroscopy in cultures of ciliated cells of the rabbit oviduct. Measurements performed by this new method agree with those obtained by high speed cinematography. When beating cilia are illuminated by a laser beam, the scattered light shows a frequency modulation due to the oscillatory motion of cilia. The spectral structure of the scattered light depends on the frequency and time-space coherence of ciliary beat. This paper reports the experimental validation of this technique and the theoretical basis for obtaining the frequency and coherence of ciliary beat from the autocorrelation function of the spectrum of light scattered from moving cilia. Fiber optic light transmission could permit the extension of this method to assess ciliary activityin situ for applications in animal experimentation and clinical studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 17 (1978), S. 1041-1064 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Brownian motion of a single sample of high-molecular-weight poly(L-lysine) [(Lys)n, n = 955] has been studied by dynamic light scattering over a wide range of NaBr concentrations and at three different polyion concentrations. A substantial decrease in scattered intensity is associated with the transition from the ordinary phase to the low-salt extraordinary phase. At the salt concentration where the transition takes place the relaxations are non-exponential and appear to exhibit at all angles a rapid relaxation (τ ≅ 10 μsec) that is presumed to be a manifestation of the kinetics of the transition process. The K2 dependence of the slow relaxation rates in the extraordinary phase has been confirmed within the experimental error. The extrapolated infinite-dilution values of the diffusion coefficients in the ordinary phase are observed to decline precipitously below 10-2M salt to astonishingly small values, indicating a dramatic rise in the friction factors of the isolated polyions. An extensive discussion of these findings in relation to the theory employed here and to existing data in the literature is also given.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A model for the coupling between internal modes, or molecular rotation, and anisotropic translational diffusion in congested solutions is proposed to account for the anomalously slow component that has appeared ubiquitously in reported autocorrelation functions of Rayleigh scattered light from solutions of DNA's with molecular weights greater than about 107. The predicted existence of an anomalously slow mode in addition to a faster “normal” mode, as well as the predicted relative amplitudes of both fast and slow components, are qualitatively in agreement with the observations. For sufficiently long-wavelength fluctuations all of the amplitude appears in the slower mode, which then exhibits an appropriately averaged translational diffusion coefficient.In support of the model it is shown in the Appendix that nonideal central interactions between macromolecules are by themselves insufficient to generate isolated internal mode relaxation terms in the autocorrelation function, unless translational ordering of the macromolecules extends over the illuminated observation region.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 903-908 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Clipped autocorrelation functions for the fluctuating intensity of light scattered from dilute solutions of poly-L-lysine in 0.2 M NaBr have been observed over a wide range of time scales down to 1.83 μsec, and over a wide range of pH. Two poly-L-lysine samples of molecular weight 35,000 and 200,000, respectively, were compared to determine the extent of draining of the so-called random-coil configuration. The observed correlation functions were in general very satisfactorily represented by simple translation diffusion of single molecules. At high pH ∼10-10.4, there was evidence of considerable aggregation, but no indication whatsoever of any unusually fast component, as reported recently by Jamieson et al. for poly-L-lysine HBr in the absence of salt.A 30% rise in the diffusion coefficient to a peak at pH 10 parallels the previously reported dip in the intrinsic viscosity, and is interpreted in terms of a more compact structure in that pH region between the coil and helix extremes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 1513-1513 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 2293-2304 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hexamer of phycocyanin from Phormidium luridum has been isolated and purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and gel chromatography. The protein is characterized by the sedimentation constant S°20, w = 10.2S, the diffusion coefficient D20, w = 4.73 × 10-7 cm2/sec, and intrinsic viscosity [η] = 3.89 ml/g. The molecular weight of the aggregate is 209,000. The shape and dimensions of the hexamer are discussed in terms of a model consisting of subunits arranged with C6 symmetry. The monomers, assumed to be spherical, are found to have a radius of 22 Å, and the diameter across the hexamer is 132 Å. The latter figure agrees closely with dimensions observed in electron micrographs.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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