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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 14 (1992), S. 609-625 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: 3D extrusion ; Moving boundaries ; Kinematic condition ; Remeshing ; Finite elements ; Free surfaces ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper presents a numerical technique for solving three-dimensional free surface problems in extrusion applications. The method is fully implicit in the sense that a Newton-Raphson scheme is applied on all variables, and geometrically general. In particular, the die section shape may be complex and contains multiple corners: very few restrictions apply on the mesh generation because the method does not require the nodes to be located on straight lines (spines). A clear distinction is introduced between the directions associated with the kinematic condition and the remeshing rules. As a difference with respect to earlier publications, these concepts are handled separately. Only Stokes problems are solved in this paper and we have not introduced surface tension. Therefore corners in the die section propagate discontinuities in the extrudate shape, an a method for relocating corners without losing the quadratic convergence of the scheme is presented. Data structures used for the implementation are briefly discussed.We present results on the extrusion of various profiles, including a rectangular die (a benchmark problem) and various complex sections containing multiple corners.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 16 (1993), S. 29-42 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: 3D extrusion ; Moving boundaries ; Die design ; Remeshing ; Finite elements ; Free surfaces ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Let us call a direct extrusion problem (DEP) the problem of finding the shape of the extrudate coming out of a die of prescribed shape. An implicit finite element formulation of the DEP which is geometrically general and for which a Newton-Raphson technique can be implemented has recently been proposed by Legat and Marchal. However, the problem posed to the die designer is frequently the inverse extrusion problem (IEP), i.e. finding the die shape which produces an extrudate of prescribed shape. This paper presents an extension of our original method for solving the IEP which avoids the ‘trial-and-error’ iteration on the die geometry itself.The advantage of the formulation lies in its capability to handle complex geometrics and in its low cost, because the CPU time and memory required to solve the IEP are almost identical to those of the DEP. We present benchmark results for squares and rectangles and new results obtained for geometries involving multiple corners. For an octagonal shape we also consider the case of a power-law fluid.For all results presented in this paper, surface tension has not been included.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 20 (1995), S. 831-851 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: error estimation ; adaptivity ; hp-methods ; Navier-Stokes ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Recently, a rigorous a posteriori error estimate, based on the element residual method, for the steady-state Navier-Stokes equations has been derived. In this paper, by using this error estimate, we construct an hp adaptive strategy to minimize the total computation costs while achieving a targeted accuracy for steady incompressible viscous flow problems. The basic hp adaptive strategy is to solve the approximate problem in three consecutive stages corresponding to three different meshes, i.e. an initial mesh, an intermediate adaptive h-mesh, and a final adaptive hp mesh. Our numerical result shows that the three-step hp adaptive strategy for the incompressible flow problems indeed provides an accurate approximate solution while keeping the computational costs under control.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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