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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 434 (2005), S. 879-882 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Materials are said to show a shape-memory effect if they can be deformed and fixed into a temporary shape, and recover their original, permanent shape only on exposure to an external stimulus. Shape-memory polymers have received increasing attention because of their scientific and ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 492-493 (Aug. 2005), p. 219-224 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 54 (Sept. 2008), p. 96-102 
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Quelle: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Most polymers used in clinical applications today are materials that have been developedoriginally for application areas other than biomedicine. On the other side, different biomedicalapplications are demanding different combinations of material properties and functionalities.Compared to the intrinsic material properties, a functionality is not given by nature but result fromthe combination of the polymer architecture and a suitable process. Examples for functionalities thatplay a prominent role in the development of multifunctional polymers for medical applications arebiofunctionality (e.g. cell or tissue specificity), degradability, or shape-memory functionality. In thissense, an important aim for developing multifunctional polymers is tailoring of biomaterials forspecific biomedical applications. Here the traditional approach, which is designing a single newhomo- or copolymer, reaches its limits. The strategy, that is applied here, is the development ofpolymer systems whose macroscopic properties can be tailored over a wide range by variation ofmolecular parameters.The Shape-memory capability of a material is its ability to trigger a predefined shape change byexposure to an external stimulus. A change in shape initiated by heat is called thermally-inducedshape-memory effect. Thermally, light-, and magnetically induced shape-memory polymers will bepresented, that were developed especially for minimally invasive surgery and other biomedicalapplications. Furthermore triple-shape polymers will be introduced, that have the capability toperform two subsequent shape changes. Thus enabling more complex movements of a polymericmaterial
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 199 (1998), S. 2785-2796 
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A class of degradable, phase-segregated multiblock copolymers is presented. The new copoly(ester-urethane)s, termed DegraPolTM/btgc, consist of crystallizable poly[(3-R-hydroxybutyrate)-co-(3-R-hydroxyvalerate)]-segments and amorphous segments from ε-caprolactone, diglycolide and ethylene glycol. As junction unit an aliphatic diisocyanate, TMDI, is applied. The copoly(ester-urethane)s are thermoplastic elastomers (Tm = 120-136°C) and are processable without degradation. For medical applications, materials are needed in which the degradation rate and the mechanical properties are independently adjustable to the medical needs. The mechanical properties of DegraPolTM/btgc, e.g., elasticity and toughness, can be controlled by the weight fraction of crystallizable segment; the elastic moduli of DegraPol/btcg are adjustable between 50 MPa and 500 MPa and were only little influenced by the chemical structure and the composition of the soft segment. By insertion of ‘weak links’ in the form of easily hydrolyzable glycolyl-glycolate ester bonds into the amorphous segments, we attempted to synthesize degradable polymers in which the hydrolytic degradation rate can be controlled by the amount and the sequence distribution of these bonds. We report on the synthesis and on the thermal and mechanical properties of such polymers.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 198 (1997), S. 2667-2688 
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled, phase segregating block polyesterurethanes based on the known biocompatible and degradable materials poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB), poly(∊-caprolactone) (PCL), and poly[(∊-caprolactone)-co-glycolide] (PCL/PGA) is described. To introduce fluorescence labels in the amorphous domains of the polymers, phenacyl 10,11-dihydroxyundecanoate (PDUA) was synthesized and copolymerized with a PHB diol, a PCL diol, and aliphatic diisocyanates. After cleavage of the protecting group (without degradation of the polymer backbone), the carboxyl group was reacted with a fluorescent amine (dansylcadaverine) in the presence of 4,6-diphenylthieno[3,4-d]-1,3-dioxol-2-one 5,5-dioxide (Steglich reagent). Also a polymer containing 13C-labelled carboxy groups was synthesized and the labelling reaction monitored by 13C NMR spectroscopy. To introduce fluorescence labels in the hard segment of the polymers, a new low-molecular-weight diol based on poly[(R)-hydroxybutyric acid] and containing protected carboxy groups was synthesized. After the deprotection, the carboxy groups were reacted with a fluorescent amine (dansylcadaverine) in the presence of an activating system based on dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. The labelled PHB diol was then copolymerized with a poly[(∊-caprolactone)-co-glycolide] diol and an aliphatic diisocyanate. The so obtained fluorescence-labelled block polyesterurethanes are promissing materials for the investigation of the biocompatibility and degradation of the corresponding, non-labelled materials (DegraPol®) by means of fluorescence-aided microscopic and spectroscopic techniques.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled low-molecular-weight polyesters based on known biocompatible and degradable materials such as poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB) and poly(ε-caprolactone-co-glycolide) is described. A telechelic OH-terminated poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] (Mn = 2300) was modified at the end groups through esterification with BOC-glycine. After removal of the BOC protection, the so-obtained free amino groups were conjugated with dansyl chloride to obtain dansyl-labelled end groups. No degradation of the starting material was observed during the several synthetic steps, while the crystallinity of the material was not significantly affected by the modification of the end groups. Fluorescence-labelled low-molecular-weight poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(ε-caprolactone-co-glycolide) were obtained by bulk ring-opening polymerization of the corresponding cyclic monomers (ε-caprolactone and diglycolide) with dansylcadaverine. Both random (amorphous) and block (semi-crystalline) copolymers were obtained depending on the presence of the catalyst (Bu2SnO). The so obtained fluorescence-labelled polyesters are promising materials for the investigation of the biocompatibility and degradation of block poly(ester-urethane)s (Degra-Pol®) with fluorescence-aided microscopic and spectroscopic techniques.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 33 (1999), S. 279-295 
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Polymers are already being used as implant materials in several biomedical applications by today. The present paper shows actual concepts for innovative degradable biomaterials as well as established polymers. Basic terms will be explained. Methods for biocompatibility testing of polymers will be introduced. Finally, future challenges for the development of new polymer systems will be discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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