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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 1 (1984), S. 7-13 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In the application and the development of on-line methods for particle size analysis one has to distinguish three principally different problem areas:aallocation and preparation of a representative sample,banalysis of the sample,cevaluation of the results.Methods and problems connected with these areas will be discussed in this paper. Some of the methods available for rapid response analysis of particle size distributions mark the beginning of a new era of particle size analysis. One has to recognize however that a uniform solution of the problems of on-line particle size analysis is extremely difficult if not impossible to find. The boundary conditions vary to such an extent that similar methods or combinations of methods can rarely be used in different cases. Since instrument manufacturers will in most cases not be able to adopt their instruments to different industrial applications, specialists will have to solve the problem. One has to recognize, however, that not all of the steps described in this paper have been investigated to an extent which renders possible appropriate solutions. There is still room for improvement.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 3 (1986), S. 99-103 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The investigations of single and combined properties of particles or of particulate matter still belongs to the most important areas of present research and practical applications of Particle Characterization. Methods to measure single particle properties, as for instance particle size, shape, composition and velocity, are of much higher sophistication than before and they still aim at improved accuracy and higher resolution. There still is a considerable lack of understanding, and lack of theoretical interpretation and of experimental evidence of the differences seen in the correlation of different equivalent diameters, obtained when analysing the same irregularly shaped particle, or a distribution of particles, using different physical principles. Furthermore, there still is a lack of understanding of the influence of shape on the results obtained with optical methods using diffraction, light scattering etc., thus asking for more information with respect to the transferability of results from one physical principle to another. The measurement of combined particle properties comprises the simultaneous measurement of, for instance, size, velocity and concentration, which is of particular importance in the comprehensive description of multiphase flow systems. Those instruments which are in working order are highly complicated, not easy to use and to handle and they are in most cases special adaptations for a limited range of the variables to be analysed. There is also growing interest in the evaluation of socalled property functions. Particle Characterization will remain for quite a number of years just as exciting as it has been in the past. If industrial demand enforces the use of on-line instrumentation it might even become more interesting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 12 (1995), S. 295-298 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Concerning the use of air classifiers with cut sizes in the micron range and lower, it is necessary to disperse the feed material properly in an air flow to avoid agglomerates larger than the desired cut size. Commonly used dispersing devices such as injectors use large amounts of air. To reduce the size and costs of the subsequent air classifiers, two new types of dispersing systems were developed, one design being related to a brush feeder and the other to a pin mill. Both apply mechanical rather than fluid mechanical forces in the dispersion process. The brush disperser achieves the same size distributions as the pin mill disperser with much less machinery. Its properties as a feeding and dispersing system are shown and its ability to disperse particles in the submicron range is confirmed by two independent particle size analysis systems: a new diffraction spectrometer and an impactor.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The drawback of conventional sedimentation methods, mainly their extremely long sedimentation time for small particles, can be overcome in two phase flow systems. In this paper several principles which permit the rapid determination of settling rate distributions are discussed. Settling rate distributions can be determined from the accelerated particle movement in a flow of constant velocity at low and high solids concentrations. Another system uses accelerated flow at low solids concentrations. The best utilisation of settling rate applications have socalled cross flow systems as set up in a stagnation point flow, in a flow round a bend, or in the decelerated particle movement perpendicular to a flow of constant velocity.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 1 (1984), S. 161-166 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Numerous unit operations in particle technology require that dry powders are fed into a system with as little fluctuation as possible in flow rate and velocity and that the powder is dispersed in flowing air. A feeding and dispersing system has been developed which allows mass throughputs between 0.1 and 20 kg/h. It has been used as a feeder unit for dry particle size analysis from diffraction patterns.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 7-13 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For several years the size distributions of particulate matter have increasingly been determined by using diffraction pattern analysis.In order to evaluate particle size distributions from the far field intensity distribution of light diffracted by a distribution of particles, a linear set of equations must be solved. Since, in many cases of application, conventional methods for solving linear sets of equations become unstable, the calculated particle size distribution may also be grossly in error. By applying special, known mathematical methods we succeeded in obtaining a parameterfree solution of the above problem.After a brief description of the mathematical method used, a diffraction pattern analyser will be presented as well as some experimental results obtained with it. The results obtained with aerosols and suspensions come from experiments performed with narrow-sized latexes and mono- and bi-modal particle size distributions of limestone and quartz.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 2 (1985), S. 81-90 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Amongst the well known methods to measure surface area of particulate matter, preferably dry powders, only photometric methods can be used on-line.The basic equation for the photometric measurement of surface area is Lambert-Beer's law, which describes the attenuation of light (extinction) due to the presence of particles in a light beam. The attenuation being dependent not only on the size distribution of the particles in the light beam but also on their volume concentration. Since both effects alter the attenuation simultaneously the solids volume concentration has to be measured independently of the attenuation in a true on-line system. The instrument developed combines the extinction of white light with the absorption of γ-rays.Since the absorption of γ-rays demands more particles in the measuring zone than the attenuation of light, an aerosol stream of rectangular cross section has been used which allows the simultaneous measurement of extinction and γ-ray absorption.Apart from a brief description of the theoretical background of the instrument experimental evidence will be given of its suitability for on-line application [1, 2].
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 10 (1993), S. 158-158 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 1 (1984), S. 89-95 
    ISSN: 0934-0866
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: While editing the first issues of Particle Characterization it has been recognized by the editors that the papers submitted differ widely in the representation of data and in the nomenclature chosen to characterize such common variables as particle size, different equivalent particle diameters, average particle sizes, cumulative and density values of a distribution etc. In oder to make papers published in this Journal more readily assimilable and graphs representing particle size analysis data instantly recognizable by using agreed upon standardized nomenclature the following paper has been submitted by one of the editors. It was first presented at the Harold Heywood Memorial Symposium, September 1974, at the University of Technology, Loughborough, U. K.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Partikelgeschwindigkeit ; Förderleitung ; Lichtleiter Sensor ; Kreuzkorrelationsanalyse ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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