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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear analysis of electromigration-induced void instability in Al-based interconnects (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 754-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Void shape changes induced by electromigration pose reliability problems in Al-based interconnects. Recent observations have shown that a rounded void sometimes collapses to a transverse slit in an interconnect with bamboo-like grain structure. This article provides a linear stability analysis for a circular void that is only partially conductive in an otherwise infinite conductive medium. The relation between the inner conductivity (i.e., the conductivity of the medium in the void) and the critical remote electric field intensity, Ecr, for the linear stability of the void is established. It is proven that when the inner conductivity becomes zero, Ecr goes to infinity, and we can look upon the inner conductivity of a vacuum void as zero. That is why the vacuum circular void is linearly stable. It is also shown that when the inner conductivity is very small, the stability of a void is sensitive to it. From the computational results, we know that if the inner conductivity is 0.1% of that outside the void, the Ecr is only twenty times of that for the dislocation loop case. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366748
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissipative flow model based on dissipative surface and irreversible thermodynamics (1999)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 69 (1999), S. 379-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Continuum damage ; thermodynamics ; dissipative process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary A dissipative flow model is presented to describe dissipative deformation processes in a macroscopic solid continuum. Dissipative process may consist of material plasticity, material damage and other intrinsic mechanical phenomena represented by internal variables. The concept of a dissipative surface is introduced in the paper to distinguish between conservative and dissipative processes. Conventional plastic yielding and damage initiation are expressed by a unique condition which may else include other possible intrinsic mechanical dissipations. The proposed model is based on the principles of irreversible thermodynamics and the minimum free energy theorem. A modified material stability postulate, modified Drucker's postulate, in thermodynamic stress space is also used to obtain the same results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190050228
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On dimensionless numbers for dynamic plastic response of structural members (2000)
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 70 (2000), S. 245-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words Dynamic plastic response ; dimensional analysis ; beams ; circular plates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary A dimensional analysis is reported for the dynamic plastic response and failure of structural members, which includes material strain hardening, strain rate and temperature effects. Critical shear failure conditions are also discussed based on the dimensional analysis results. It is shown that the response number R n proposed in [3], is an important independent dimensionless number for the dynamic plastic bending and membrane response of structural members. However, additional dimensionless numbers are necessary when transverse shear, strain hardening, strain rate, and temperature effects are important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004199900072
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation of 6-C- and 8-C-glycosidic flavonoids by positive ion fast atom bombardment and tandem mass spectrometry (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 21 (1992), S. 213-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present study deals with the use of liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry in combination with collisionally activated dissociation and linked scanning at constant B/E for differentiation and structural analysis of 6-C- and 8-C-glycosidic flavonoids in the positive ion mode. Flavonoids of mono-C-glycosidic nature were investigated. Special emphasis is given to the rationalization of fragment ions which allow differentiation between isomers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200210406
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and differentiation of diglycosyl flavonoids by positive ion fast atom bombardment and tandem mass spectrometry (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 23 (1994), S. 406-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This study shows that fast atom bombardment (FAB) in combination with collisional activation and tandem mass spectrometric techniques is useful for the characterization of, and the differentiation between, O-diglycosyl, O-C- diglycosyl, and di-C-glycosyl flavonoids. A quick differentiation between the three types of glycosyl flavonoids is possible by simply examining FAB mass spectra. Low-energy product ion spectra of [M + H] + ions have been used for determining the carbohydrate sequence in O-diglycosyl flavonoids and characterizing the terminal mono-saccharide in O-C-diglycosyl flavonoids. The data obtained for per-O- deuterated precursor ion species of O-diglycosyl flavonoids indicate that O-linked hydrogen atoms are involved in the formation of Yn + ions. High-energy product ion spectra of [M + H] + ions enable further characterization and differentiation of isomeric di-6,8-C-glycosides.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200230705
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positive ion fab analysis of flavonoid glycosides. Simple procedures for desalting and control of sodium salt contamination (1992)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 21 (1992), S. 408-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200210807
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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