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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Osteoarthritis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Histopathology ; Radiography ; Marrow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Subchondral signal abnormalities are often present on magnetic resonance (MR) images of patients with osteoarthritis, but no study correlating these changes with histopathology has been published. We selected nine consecutive patients with clinical and radiographic diagnosis of moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the knee scheduled to undergo joint replacement surgery, and performed MR imaging and conventional radiographs preoperatively. After surgery, the resected portions of the femur and tibia underwent gross and microscopic examination, and the findings were correlated with the corresponding findings on the imaging studies. Subchondral MR signal abnormalities of the femur or tibia were present in seven of the nine patients, with intermediate signal on T1-weighted images and low or isointense signal on T2-weighted images. The subchondral signal abnormalities were hemispherical in configuration and corresponded predominantly to fibrous tissue replacing the fatty marrow. A component of trabecular thickening was also present.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously reported recurrent clonal chromosomal aberrations in synovia, osteophytes and articular cartilage from patients with osteoarthritis (OA). In particular, gain of chromosomes 5 and 7 was found to be strongly associated with OA. In order to exclude the possibility of in vitro artefacts, we studied three to four parallel, independent cultures from ten samples of synovia and three samples of osteophytes from ten women with primary OA. In all, 40 cultures were cytogenetically analysed, 39 of which had clonal chromosomal aberrations. The most common aberrations were +7 and +5 which were found in 38 and 12 cultures, respectively. There were striking karyotype similarities among the parallel cultures from each case. Out of a total of 83 clones, only 11 were unique for one culture, 7 from synovia and 4 from osteophytes. The genetic homogeneity among different cultures from the same patients excludes the possibility of in vitro artefacts and indicates a widespread distribution of the cytogenetically aberrant clones in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined, cytogenetically and by in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques, the synovia, osteophytes, and articular cartilage from 32 patients with pronounced osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent form of arthropathy characterized by progressive reduction of articular cartilage, and synovial samples from 17 control patients. In short-term cultures, clonal chromosome aberrations, in particular the gain of chromosomes 7 (+7) and 5 (+5), were found to be strongly associated with OA. These aberrations were found in almost 90% of the cultures from synovia and osteophytes, whereas only 1/11 synovial samples from joints unequivocally unaffected by OA had cells with +5 or +7. The in vivo nature of trisomy 7 was demonstrated by ISH on uncultured cells, and serial passaging showed that cells with +7 had a proliferative advantage in vitro. Thus, the combined data indicate that cells with somatic mutations appear early and may be influential in the disease process leading to OA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Key words Knee ; Injury ; Proprioception
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract A disturbed proprioception has been described in patients with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient knee. The relation to demographic data and to different commonly associated anatomical lesions, as well as to subjective knee function, was prospectively studied in 16 consecutive patients after an acute knee ligament injury. All patients had a complete rupture of the ACL, but variable associated anatomical lesions. The threshold to detect a passive motion, as a measure of their proprioceptive ability, was registered repeatedly during the first year after injury. Four of the patients had consistently severe and persistent deficits at 1, 2 and 8 months. These four individuals had more chondral lesions and a lower subjective rating of their knee function than the remaining patients. In the whole group there were significant correlations between the recorded thresholds and associated chondral lesions, meniscal lesions and the subjective rating of knee function. We found no significant relation between age, gender, activity level, grade of mechanical laxity increase or a medial collateral ligament rupture, and the proprioceptive recordings. Thus, morphological lesions other than a rupture of the ACL seem to contribute to the proprioceptive deficits after a knee ligament injury, and the patients’ ability to detect a passive motion showed a relation to subjective knee function from the time of injury onwards.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 99 (1981), S. 73-81 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In three cases operated with high tibial osteotomy for medial gonarthrosis the exact method of roentgen stereophotogrammetry with tantalum balls as bone markers (Selvik 1974) was used to study angular and translational movements in three dimensions at the operation and during the healing period. Tibial osteotomy caused angular and translational movements even in planes where correction was not intended, and the stereo technique revealed that stability was not present when knee mobilisation started. Correlation between the stereo values and conventional radiographic measurements were best in the frontal plane (root mean square value of discrepancies 1.3°). Roentgen stereophotogrammetry gives superior information compared with the conventional radiographic technique, but it is concluded that the latter has sufficient accuracy for the clinical assessment of corrections in the frontal plane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 99 (1981), S. 83-89 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a prospective series of 52 knees selected for high tibial osteotomy because of early medial arthrosis, special care was taken to obtain a final over-correction in valgus. The operative procedure and the pre- and post-operative radiographic examinations were standardized and the follow up was 1–3 years. 49 of the 52 knees had obtained a normal or over-corrected mechanical axis. 45 of these had improved painfree walking distance, and 31 were painfree. In 45 knees the arthrotic condition had not progressed, and in 5 of these there were signs of cartilage restitution. It is concluded that precise correction of medial gonarthrosis can be achieved, and this provides a rational basis for definitive treatment of early stages of this condition; for the majority an endoprothesis operation should not be needed in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 99 (1982), S. 231-233 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine neue Bohrlehre für den Kreuzbandersatz wird beschrieben. Es handelt sich um die Modifikation eines französischen Instrumentes (Landanger). Das Gerät erlaubt eine Orientierung in allen Ebenen and gewährt eine gute Stabilität während des Bohrens. Das Instrument wurde bei 22 Patienten mit einer vorderen and bei 5 Patienten mit einer hinteren Kreuzbandverletzung angewendet. Mit diesem Gerät kann auch eine Verletzung des hinteren Kreuzbandes allein von einem vorderen Zugang versorgt werden. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Lund-Kreuzband-Bohrlehre ein einfaches and gut zu handhabendes Instrument für die operative Behandlung der Bandverletzungen am Kniegelenk darstellt. In allen Fällen war ein genaues Bohren möglich and bei keiner Gelegenheit hat das Gerdt versagt.
    Notes: Summary A new drill for cruciate ligament repair is described. It is a modification of a French drill guide (Landanger). The guide allows for the possibilities of free adjustment in all planes and good stability during the drilling procedure. The instrument has been used in 22 patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries and five patients with injuries to the posterior cruciate ligament. With this instrument it is sufficient with only an anterior approach for a posterior cruciate ligament repair. It is concluded that the Lund cruciate drill guide is simple and manoeuvrable for surgery of the ligaments of the knee joint. In all cases correct drilling was possible and in no instance the instrument has failed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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