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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superparamagnetic magnetic force microscopy tips : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6448-6450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images of a thin-film magnetic recording head taken using batch micromachined silicon tips coated with nanocomposite Fe60(SiO2)40 and Fe70(SiO2)30 films. The small Fe grain size (〈10 nm) and dilute Fe volume fraction (0.29–0.4) of these granular films produce tip coatings of low remanence and essentially zero coercivity, reduced by the superparamagnetic properties of these films. We have used these tips to obtain MFM images of the write field of the head with high spatial and magnetic-field resolution. In comparison to images taken using commercial Co85Cr15-coated tips, these MFM images show reduced tip memory effects and clearly delineate the gap field from the pole pieces. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361969
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of nanometer-size CoPt particles : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5060-5062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have prepared nanometer-size, isolated CoPt particles. The particles in the range of 100–300 nm in diameter were formed by annealing thin films in the temperature range of 550–800 °C. Films with magnetic coercivity as high as 30 kOe were achieved. The results indicate that the high magnetic coercivity was obtained because the crystallite size approaches that of noninteracting single-domain particles. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361571
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure of the Cr underlayer and its effect on Sm-Co//Cr thin films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3831-3835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sm-Co film is a potential candidate for the future high density recording media of 10 Gb/in2 which requires bit sizes of the order of 300 nm and grain sizes of about 10 nm. This article investigates the microstructure of the Cr underlayer in Sm-Co thin films and its effect on Sm-Co thin films prepared by the dc magnetron sputtering technique. The grain size of the Cr underlayer is found to be about 25 nm. Grains with small angle misorientation usually form local agglomerates. Studies by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) bright field images at different defocus settings and by high resolution electron microscopy indicate that a large proportion of the grain boundaries have gaps. The gap width (about 1–3 nm) varies from place to place. The Sm-Co films deposited on the Cr underlayer inherit similar gaps at positions adjacent to the grain boundary gaps of the Cr underlayer. Such gaps produce grain-like contrast of about 25 nm in TEM bright field images. However, such contrast becomes weak as the thickness of the film increases and disappears at a thickness of 96 nm, suggesting the gaps are sealed at places far from the Cr underlayer. The effect of the Cr underlayer on magnetic properties are discussed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358559
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness dependence of the magnetic and electrical properties of Fe:SiO2 nanocomposite films : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6304-6306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nanocomposite Fe80(SiO2)20 films with thickness from 150 to 5000 A(ring) have been prepared by rf magnetron sputtering from a composite target. The crystallites in the Fe80(SiO2)20 films have a bcc structure with the average size of 46–66 A(ring) which was determined by transmission electron microscopy. As indicated by the thickness dependence of resistivity, the stacking and connectivity of the crystallites depend on the thickness of the films. The magnetic properties also depend on the microstructure which changes with the thickness of the films. The magnetic coercivity of the films increases with the thickness of the film, reaches a maximum, and then decreases. The maximum coercivity of 400 Oe at 300 K and 1200 Oe at 5 K was observed for a film with a thickness of about 700 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358477
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High coercivity rare earth–cobalt films : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5958-5960 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Rare earth–cobalt (RCo, R=Sm, Pr) films with thicknesses from 30 to 700 nm have been prepared with and without a Cr underlayer by dc magnetron sputtering from a R2Co7 composite target. The as-deposited SmCo films with a Cr underlayer (SmCo(parallel)Cr) have magnetic coercivities of about 500–2800 Oe and the PrCo(parallel)Cr films have coercivities of about 100–300 Oe, but after annealing at 500 °C coercivities as high as 31 kOe for SmCo(parallel)Cr films and 10 kOe for PrCo(parallel)Cr films were observed. The as-deposited PrCo films are composed mostly of an amorphous phase with about 30 vol % of crystallites but after annealing at 500 °C the film is transformed completely to crystallites of about 10 nm diameter as revealed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Nanodiffraction and HRTEM studies show that the crystallites have a closed-packed hexagonal structure. HRTEM study also shows that the annealed SmCo films with a Cr underlayer have grain sizes of about 20 nm and the SmCo films without the Cr underlayer have grain sizes of about 10 nm. The large increase in coercivity for the annealed films is due to the growth of the crystallites. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362119
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle size dependence of the magnetic properties of ultrafine granular films (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 4240-4242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic granular solids consist of ultrafine metal granules of nanometer sizes embedded in an insulating medium. The magnetic properties are dictated by the microstructure such as particle size, metal volume fraction, which are process controlled. We report the results of a series of granular Fe60(SiO2)40 films in which the particle size has been systematically varied. The magnetic coercivity, ranging from 500 to 2200 Oe, increases with particle size. The ferromagnetic-superparamagnetic transition had been studied by SQUID magnetometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The value of the magnetic anisotropy energy is found to be much larger than that due to magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341126
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of the magnetic moments in La0.65Pb0.35MnO3 epitaxial thin films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5606-5608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Crystalline films of La0.65Pb0.35MnO3 grown on (100) LaAlO 3 substrates by rf sputtering have been investigated using magnetic circular dichroism and inverse photoemission spectroscopy. We find evidence for strong hybridization between unoccupied levels associated with Mn 3d and O 2p states. The oxygen atoms "pick-up" a small magnetic moment through hybridization with Mn. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372465
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of coercivity in nanometer-size CoPt crystallites (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4334-4336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this study, we showed that a magnetic coercivity (Hc) as high as 37 kOe was obtained in a CoPt thin film that contains separated nanometer-size CoPt crystallites. We prepared CoPt thin films with thicknesses of 5 and 175 nm by magnetron sputtering. After annealing in an Ar/H2 atmosphere at temperatures from 650 to 750 °C for 3–12 h, we measured the magnetic properties and found that magnetic Hc relates to annealing temperature, annealing time and film thickness. From atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy studies, the magnetic single domain size of CoPt is in the range of 100–200 nm. The high Hc is likely due to the well-separated nanometer-size crystallites and the well-ordered fct phase of CoPt alloy. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370359
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for weak link and anisotropy limitations on the transport critical current in bulk polycrystalline Y1Ba2Cu3Ox (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 4821-4828 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the transport critical-current density (Jc), magnetization Jc, and magnetoresistance in a number of bulk sintered samples of Y1Ba2Cu3Ox from several different laboratories indicate that the transport Jc is limited by weak-link regions between high Jc regions. The weak-link Jc has a Josephson character, decreasing by two orders of magnitude as the magnetic field is increased from 0.1 to 10 mT at 77 K. An examination of the grain-boundary region in Y1Ba2Cu3Ox shows no observable impurities or second phases to the scale of the [001] lattice planes (∼12 A(ring)). The effect of intrinsic conduction anisotropy is discussed. A current-transfer model is proposed in which weak conduction along the c axis plays a role in limiting Jc at grain boundaries. Orienting the grains in the powder state during processing may result in enhanced transport Jc in bulk conductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338985
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic characteristics of ultrafine Fe particles reduced from uniform iron oxide particles (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3323-3325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Uniform, cubic 0.05-μm iron oxide particles were formed by forced hydrolysis of ferric perchlorate. These particles were reduced to α-Fe by heating in hydrogen at temperatures between 300 and 500 °C. The effect of reduction temperature and various prereduction treatments on the microstructure of the iron particles will be discussed. Complete reduction to α-Fe was established by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. Magnetic measurements on epoxy and polyurethane films containing these particles with various mass fractions gave coercivities as high as 1000 Oe. The relationship between the magnetic measurements and the microstructure will be discussed. Na2SiO3 is found to be the best coating material for the process of reducing iron oxide particles to iron.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338895
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