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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in indica and japonica rice (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 1218-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa  ;  Hybrid rice  ;  Predicting heterosis  ;  Diallel cross  ;  Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)  ;  Simple sequence repeat (SSR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An essential assumption underlying markerbased prediction of hybrid performance is a strong linear correlation between molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance or heterosis. This study was intended to investigate the extent of the correlations between molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in crosses involving two sets of rice materials, 9 indica and 11 japonica varieties. These materials represent a broad spectrum of the cultivated rice gene pool including landraces, primitive cultivars, historically important cultivars, modern elite cultivars and parents of superior hybrids. Varieties within each set were intermated in all possible non-reciprocal pairs resulting in 36 crosses in the indica set and 55 in the japonica set. The and their parents, 111 entries in total, were examined for performance of seven traits in a replicated field trial. The parents were surveyed for polymorphisms using 96 RFLP and ten SSR markers selected at regular intervals from a published molecular marker linkage map. Molecular marker genotypes of the hybrids were deduced from the parental genotypes. The analysis showed that, with very few exceptions, correlations in the indica dataset were higher than in that of their japonica counterparts. Among the seven traits analyzed, plant height showed the highest correlation between heterozygosity and hybrid performance and heteorsis in both indica and japonica datasets. Correlations were low to intermediate between hybrid performance and heterozygo-sity (both general and specific) in yield and yield com-ponent traits in both indica and japonica sets, and also low to intermediate between specific heterozygo-sity and heterosis in the indica set, whereas very little correlation was detected between heterosis and heterozygosity (either general or specific) in the japonica set. In comparison to the results from our previous studies, we concluded that the relationship between molecular marker heterozygosity and heterosis is variable, depending on the genetic materials used in the study, the diversity of rice germplasms and the complexity of the genetic basis of heterosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050359
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of genetic factors controlling domestication-related traits of rice using an F2 population of a cross between Oryza sativa and O. rufipogon (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 98 (1999), S. 243-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Common wild rice ; Cultivated rice ; Evolution ; Genetic analysis ; Molecular marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Domesticated rice differs from the wild progenitor in large arrays of morphological and physiological traits. The present study was conducted to identify the genetic factors controlling the differences between cultivated rice and its wild progenitor, with the intention to assess the genetic basis of the changes associated with the processes of rice domestication. A total of 19 traits, including seven qualitative and 12 quantitative traits, that are related to domestication were scored in an F2 population from a cross between a variety of the Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and an accession of the common wild rice (O. rufipogon). Loci controlling the inheritance of these traits were determined by making use of a molecular linkage map consisting of 348 molecular-marker loci (313 RFLPs, 12 SSRs and 23 AFLPs) based on this F2 population. All seven qualitative traits were each controlled by a single Mendelian locus. Analysis of the 12 quantitative traits resolved a total of 44 putative QTLs with an average of 3.7 QTLs per trait. The amount of variation explained by individual QTLs ranged from a low of 6.9% to a high of 59.8%, and many of the QTLs accounted for more than 20% of the variation. Thus, genes of both major and minor effect were involved in the differences between wild and cultivated rice. The results also showed that most of the genetic factors (qualitative or QTLs) controlling the domestication-related traits were concentrated in a few chromosomal blocks. Such a clustered distribution of the genes may provide explanations for the genetic basis of the “domestication syndrome” observed in evolutionary studies and also for the “linkage drag” that occurs in many breeding programs. The information on the genetic basis of some desirable traits possessed by the wild parent may also be useful for facilitating the utilization of these traits in rice-breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051064
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in indica and japonica rice (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 1218-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; Hybrid rice ; Predicting heterosis ; Diallel cross ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; Simple sequence repeat (SSR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An essential assumption underlying markerbased prediction of hybrid performance is a strong linear correlation between molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance or heterosis. This study was intended to investigate the extent of the correlations between molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in crosses involving two sets of rice materials, 9 indica and 11 japonica varieties. These materials represent a broad spectrum of the cultivated rice gene pool including landraces, primitive cultivars, historically important cultivars, modern elite cultivars and parents of superior hybrids. Varieties within each set were intermated in all possible nonreciprocal pairs resulting in 36 crosses in the indica set and 55 in the japonica set. The F1s and their parents, 111 entries in total, were examined for performance of seven traits in a replicated field trial. The parents were surveyed for polymorphisms using 96 RFLP and ten SSR markers selected at regular intervals from a published molecular marker linkage map. Molecular marker genotypes of the F1 hybrids were deduced from the parental genotypes. The analysis showed that, with very few exceptions, correlations in the indica dataset were higher than in that of their japonica counterparts. Among the seven traits analyzed, plant height showed the highest correlation between heterozygosity and hybrid performance and heteorsis in both indica and japonica datasets. Correlations were low to intermediate between hybrid performance and heterozygosity (both general and specific) in yield and yield component traits in both indica and japonica sets, and also low to intermediate between specific heterozygosity and heterosis in the indica set, whereas very little correlation was detected between heterosis and heterozygosity (either general or specific) in the japonica set. In comparison to the results from our previous studies, we concluded that the relationship between molecular marker heterozygosity and heterosis is variable, depending on the genetic materials used in the study, the diversity of rice germplasms and the complexity of the genetic basis of heterosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223453
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic basis of low-temperature-sensitive sterility in indica-japonica hybrids of rice as determined by RFLP analysis (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 1092-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa ; Hybrid sterility ; Ste loci ; Molecular markers ; Hybrid rice breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Low-temperature-sensitive sterility (LTSS) has become one of the major obstacles in indica-japonica hybrid rice breeding. In this study, we determined, using RFLP markers, the genetic basis of LTSS in two populations derived from crosses between indica and japonica parents, the BC1F1 of 3037/02428//3037 and the F2 of 3037/02428. The fertility segregation in the two populations under low-temperature conditions was used as a measurement of the temperature sensitivity of the various genotypes in the populations. A RFLP survey of bulked extremes from the BC1F1 population identified three genomic regions, two on chromosome 1 and one on chromosome 12, that were likely to contain genes for LTSS (or Ste loci). One-way ANOVA and QTL analysis using a total of 19 markers from these three genomic regions resolved three Ste loci in the BC1F1 population and two Ste loci in the F2 population. On the basis of chromosomal location these loci were distinct from those governing wide-compatibility identified in previous studies. Two- and three-way ANOVA showed that these loci acted essentially independent of each other in conditioning LTSS. The main mode of gene action was an interaction between the indica and the japonica alleles within each locus. For each respective locus this resulted in a drastic fertility reduction in the heterozygote state relative to the homozygote state. The results have significant implications in indica-japonica hybrid rice breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050667
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genome-wide analysis of wide compatibility in rice and the precise location of the S5 locus in the molecular map (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 809-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L ; Indica and japonica ; Hybrid sterility ; Mapping ; Rice breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The discovery of wide-compatibility varieties (WCVs) that are able to produce normal fertility hybrids when crossed both to indica and japonica rice has enabled the fertility barrier between indica and japonica subspecies to be broken and provided the possibility of developing inter-subspecific hybrids in rice breeding programs. However, a considerable variation in the fertility level of hybrids from the same WCV crossed to different varieties has often been observed. One hypothesis for this variable fertility is that additional genes are involved in hybrid fertility besides the wide-compatibility gene (WCG). To assess such a possibility, we performed a genome-wide analysis by assaying a large population from a three-way cross ‘02428’/‘Nanjing 11’//‘Balilla’ using a total of 171 RFLP probes detecting 191 polymorphic loci distributed throughout the entire rice linkage map. Our analysis recovered 3 loci conferring significant effects on hybrid fertility. The major locus on chromosome 6 coincided in chromosomal location with the previously identified S 5 locus, and the 2 minor loci that mapped to chromosomes 2 and 12, respectively, were apparently distinct from all previously reported hybrid sterility genes. Interaction between the indica and japonica alleles at each of the loci caused a reduction in hybrid fertility. The joint effect of the 2 minor loci could lead to partial sterility even in the presence of the WCG. The location of the S 5 locus on the molecular marker linkage map was determined to be approximately 1.0 cM from the RFLP locus R2349. This tight linkage will be useful for marker-aided transfer of the WCG in hybrid rice breeding and for map-based cloning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050629
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecularmarker diversity and hybrid sterility in indica-japonica rice crosses (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 112-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Diallel cross ; Hybrid rice ; Oryza sativa ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; Simple sequence repeat (SSR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The partial sterility of hybrids between the indica and japonica rice subspecies of Asian cultivated rice is a serious constraint for utilizing inter-subspecific heterosis in hybrid rice breeding. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between molecular-marker polymorphism and indica-japonica hybrid fertility using a diallel set involving 20 rice accessions including 9 indica and 11 japonica varieties. Spikelet fertility of the resulting 190 F1s and their parents was examined in a replicated field trial. Intra-subspecific hybrids showed much higher spikelet fertility than inter-subspecific hybrids except in crosses involving wide-compatibility varieties. The parents were surveyed for DNA polymorphism using 96 RFLP and ten SSR markers, which revealed extensive genetic differentiation between indica and japonica varieties. A large number of markers detected highly significant effects on hybrid fertility. The chromosomal locations for many of the positive markers coincided well with previously identified loci for hybrid sterility. The correlation between hybrid fertility and parental distance was low in both intra- and inter-subspecific crosses. The results suggest that the genetic basis of indica-japonica hybrid sterility is complex. It is the qualitative, rather than the quantitative, difference between the parents that determines the fertility of hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050538
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The high level of wide-compatibility of variety ‘Dular’ has a complex genetic basis (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 407-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L. ; Indica-japonica cross ; Hybrid sterility ; Molecular marker ; Genetic analysis ; Epistasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wide-compatibility varieties (WCVs) are a special class of rice germplasm that is able to produce fertile hybrids when crossed to both indica and japonica rice varieties. WCVs may differ greatly in their spectrum and level of compatibility. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic basis of wide-compatibility conferred by ‘Dular’, a landrace variety from India that has demonstrated a high level of wide-compatibility in previous studies with a broad range of indica and japonica varieties. A three-way cross (‘Balilla/Dular//Nanjing 11’) was made and the resulting F1 population evaluated in the field for spikelet fertility. A total of 235 plants from this population was assayed individually for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) at 159 marker loci covering the entire rice genome at regular intervals. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified 5 loci, located on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6 and 8, as having significant effects on hybrid fertility, which jointly explained 55.5% of the fertility variation in this population. The QTL on chromosome 5 ( f5) showed the largest effect on hybrid fertility, followed by those on chromosomes 6 ( f6), 3 ( f3) and 1 ( f1), with the one on chromosome 8 ( f8) having the smallest effect. Genotypes each composed of an allele from ‘Dular’ and an allele from ‘Nanjing 11’ at four ( f3, f5, f6 and f8) of the five QTLs contributed to the increase of fertility in the population. In contrast, the genotype composed of alleles from ‘Balilla’ and ‘Nanjing 11’ at the fifth locus ( f1) was in the direction of increasing fertility. Analysis of variance using marker genotypes at the five QTLs as the groups detected two interactions involving four of the five loci, a 2-locus interaction between f5 and f8 and a 3-locus interaction among f3, f5 and f6. The level of hybrid fertility is the result of complex interactions among these loci. The implication of the present findings in the utilization of the wide-compatibility of ‘Dular’ in rice breeding programs is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050910
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of hybrid sterility in rice using a diallel cross of 21 parents involving indica, japonica and wide compatibility varieties (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 90 (1996), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; inter-varietal cross ; spikelet fertility ; genetic basis ; rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary There is much interest in the inter-varietal fertility of Asian cultivated rice. In this study, we analyzed the fertility of hybrids in a diallel set of 210 crosses involving 21 parents representing a broad range of the cultivated rice germplasm including landraces, primitive cultivars, modern elite cultivars and parents of hybrid rice. The materials were also carefully selected with respect to indica-japonica classification including typical indica/japonica, more or less intermediate and wide compatibility varieties. The level of hybrid fertility varied widely among the crosses from almost completely sterile to fully fertile. In general, hybrid fertility of intra-subspecific crosses, i.e., indica by indica (I×I) and japonica by japonica (J×J), is much higher than inter-subspecific crosses (I×J or J×I). The fertility varied widely in hybrids involving wide compatibility varieties and also in inter-subspecific crosses not involving wide compatibility varieties. An analysis of variance showed that both the main effects of indica and japonica parents and the interaction between the parents are highly significant in determining hybrid fertility. We speculate that, in addition to wide compatibility, the overall genetic difference between the indica and japonica parents, that may involve a series of minor mutations, play an important role in determining the hybrid fertility. There are also genes of sizable effect that influence fertility in hybrids resulting from specific combinations of the parents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027476
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