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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 115 (1993), S. 5762-5767 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We used the Layer Korringa Kohn Rostoker technique to calculate the electronic structure of cobalt-copper multilayers and spin valves from first principles within the local spin density approximation. Using this electronic structure together with a phenomenological self-energy which may vary from layer to layer, we calculated the non-local layer-dependent conductivity by means of the Kubo linear response formalism. By calculating the majority and minority conductivities for parallel and anti-parallel alignment of the moments in the cobalt layers we determined the giant magnetoresistance (GMR). Several interesting features emerge from the calculations. When the scattering rates are relatively high, we find that the contributions to the GMR are largely non-local, with the largest contributions arising from changes in the currents carried in a cobalt plane next to copper due to fields sensed in the cobalt layer on the other side of copper. When scattering rates are relatively low (comparable to that of cobalt and copper at room temperature), there are important contributions to the GMR from local conduction in the copper layers. This effect arises from the fact that when the component of the majority spin electron momentum parallel to the layers exceeds a certain value, it gets trapped in the copper layers. If the scattering rate is lower in the copper than in the cobalt there is a significant enhancement in the majority spin conductivity and in the GMR. This effect is analogous to the channeling of light by an optical waveguide. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5828-5830 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present first principles electronic structure calculations of the magnetic interface anisotropy for several (1Pd/1Co/1Pd)/nX superlattices with X=Pt, Pd, Ag, or Cu. The calculated anisotropies are compared to those found in Co/X and (1Pt/1Co/1Pt)/nX superlattices. The predicted anisotropies for monolayer spacers of Ag or Cu are similar in magnitude to those computed for Co/Pd or Co/Pt multilayers. In the case of (1Pd/1Co/1Pd)/1Pt, the anisotropy is enhanced when compared to either Co/Pt or Co/Pd superlattices, though to a lesser extent than that computed for (1Pt/1Co/1Pt)/1Pd. Surprisingly, increasing the number of spacer layers to three, results in a suppression of the perpendicular anisotropy in (1Pd/1Co/1Pd)/3X and (1Pt/1Co/1Pt)/3Cu superlattices. This result is inconsistent with a near-neighbor Neel model, which would predict little sensitivity to the number of X layers. The Neel model has been shown to work quite well on average for many fcc-based Co/Pt and Co/Pd multilayers. This suggests that the details of the superlattice electronic structure are important in these systems. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6415-6417 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Expressions for the magnetic anisotropy energy of strained fcc, bcc, and simple cubic superlattices are obtained for the (100), (011), and (111) orientations. The theory is based on summing pair interactions using the potential (M⋅R)2, where M is the magnetization and R is the vector connecting the two atoms. The theory is shown to predict the orientation independence of the interface anisotropy in a system of Co/Pd superlattices, in agreement with experiment and detailed electronic structure calculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6069-6074 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The first ab initio electronic structure calculations of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of superlattices with imperfect interfaces are presented. Specifically the possibility of an interdiffusion between the layers at the interface in Co/Pd and Co/Pt superlattices is considered. The electronic structure calculations use the local spin-density formalism as implemented with the layer Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method. Interdiffusion at the interface is modeled in two distinct ways. In the first approach a diffuse interface is represented by ordered arrangement of substitutions, while in the second approach interdiffusion is assumed to produce a substitutionally disordered random alloy on the layers at the interface, which is solved using the coherent potential approximation. The calculated interface anisotropies for superlattices with perfect and imperfect interfaces are, on average, modeled accurately by a simple Néel-type model. This model always predicts a reduction in magnetic anisotropy resulting from the presence of defects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6196-6198 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present theoretical calculations of the magneto-optic polar Kerr effect in bcc iron, fcc cobalt, and hcp cobalt. The Kerr angle and ellipticity are derived from the optical conductivity tensor, which is computed using wave functions obtained from full potential local spin-density electronic structure calculations. Predicted Kerr angles and ellipticities are computed as a function of magnetization direction. In the case of iron, the calculated Kerr spectra are found to be in good agreement with experimental results and previous calculations. However, in the case of cobalt, the results of previous theoretical studies differ significantly. Our results are in close agreement with experiment and with one of these previous theoretical studies. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6199-6199 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: First principles electronic structure calculations are used to predict the energy dependence of the polar Kerr effect in MnBi, MnSb, and a Mn2BiSb alloy. The compounds all have respectable Kerr angles and thus are potential data storage media. The technique used in this work is a full-potential linearized augmented Slater orbital approach. The Kerr angle is obtained from the conductivity tensor that is calculated, within linear response theory, using the Kubo formula. There are several desirable features in this approach. First, unlike methods based upon muffin-tin potentials, open crystal structures present no problems. Second, since the electronic wave functions are defined over the crystal unit cell rather than over space filling overlapping spheres, difficulties in handling the interstitial part of the required matrix elements are avoided. Finally, the small basis set (25 orbitals per atom) leads to reasonable computational times. Results of these calculations show that the Kerr angle in MnBi is above 1° at 1.6 eV and that its variation over 2–4 eV is linear and decreasing. MnSb shows a smaller rotation, about 0.5°, that is almost constant up to 3 eV and then also decreases linearly. The Kerr rotation of Mn2BiSb is approximately the average of MnBi and MnSb. This work has been supported in part by the Louisiana Quality Education Support Fund under Grant No. LEQSF (1991–1994)-RD-A-30. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A theory of the electrical conductivity of homogeneous random alloys based on the Korringa—Kohn—Rostoker coherent potential approximation (KKR-CPA) is generalized to treat an inhomogeneous alloy in which the concentrations of the constituent atoms can vary from site to site. A special case of such a system is an epitaxial multilayer system. We develop the theory for such systems and show how it can be implemented by using the layer Korringa—Kohn—Rostoker technique to calculate the electronic structure. Applications to magnetic multilayers and to the calculation of the giant magnetoresistance are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonferromagnetic atoms present at Ni/Cu and Permalloy/Cu interfaces in sputtered spin valve magnetoresistive layered structures have been shown to cause reduced magnetoresistance. Here we show that a model in which the moments on the Ni atoms in the interfacial region of Ni/Cu are reduced substantially by interdiffusion with Cu is consistent with the experimental results. In contrast, we believe that moments persist at the permalloy/Cu interface, which first principle total energy calculations suggest will be disordered at finite temperatures. These reduced or disordered moments are expected to significantly reduce the GMR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6428-6428 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Most experimental superlattices contain numerous defects that substantially affect the anisotropy. Calculations based on two different theoretical approaches are presented for a variety of substitutional defects at the interface. The first method involves electronic structure calculations employing the local density approximation within the layer Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker technique. Defects are treated as periodic at a third nearest-neighbor spacing. Large in-plane contributions to the anisotropy are found for a substituted atom within the (111) Co layer of both the Co/Pd and Co/Pt systems. For example, −203 uRy is obtained for a single defect in the 1Co/1Pt superlattice: this is −4.2 times the interface anisotropy. This is believed to be the first ab initio prediction of the anisotropy energy of defects. The second method sums pair interactions using the potential (M⋅R)2, where M is the magnetization and R is the vector connecting the two atoms. This method has been previously demonstrated1 to be accurate in comparison both to electronic structure calculation and to experiment. For the fcc (111) interface, it is predicted that the anisotropy (in units of interface anisotropy) of a substitution in a monolayer is −4, the anisotropy of an adatom is −2, and the anisotropy of a one-atom recess that does not penetrate the magnetic layer is −2. These predictions are found to aproximately match the electronic structure theory in those cases we have tested. Finally, the summation of a variety of randomly chosen defects to form a diffuse interface yields an anisotropy equal to that of a perfect interface times the sum over all layers i of [P(i)−P(i+1)]2, where P(i) is the probability of a magnetic atom in layer i. This suggests that the highest anisotropy is obtained at the sharpest interface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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