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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20 (1972), S. 1031-1034 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 26 (1954), S. 564-566 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 22 (1974), S. 1093-1096 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 28 (1980), S. 891-893 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 22 (1974), S. 523-526 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: β-Casomorphin ; enkephalin ; naloxone ; insulin release ; exorphins ; opiates ; dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have previously demonstrated that opiate-like substances in food protein (exorphins), contained in the peptic digest of gluten, stimulate insulin and glucagon release in dogs and that this effect is inhibited by the opiate antagonist naloxone. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible rôle of ingested opiate-like substances in the modulation of post-prandial insulin release. Similarly, the addition of synthetic β-casomorphins, which are the opioid-active material of bovine casein peptone, elicit a stimulation of post-prandial insulin release during a liver extract-sucrose test meal. The addition of met-enkephalin to a liver extract-sucrose test meal also augmented the post-prandial insulin response. Both stimulatory effects were reversed by oral naloxone, as was the post-prandial increase of insulin following ingestion of bovine casein peptone (casopeptone). The post-prandial insulin response to digested and undigested liver extract was not affected by naloxone, suggesting that the foregoing effects are likely to be specific to opiate-like materials contained in foodstuff (exorphins). In view of previous findings, the present data are compatible with a role of opiate-like substances contained in ingested nutrients in the regulation of post-prandial insulin secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: C-peptide ; insulin secretion ; effect of insulin ; alloxan-diabetic rats ; C-peptide effect in vivo ; somatostatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of synthetic rat C-peptide 1 and C-peptide 2 on plasma insulin and blood glucose concentrations in the rat were studied. Infusion of rat C-peptide (500μg·h-1· kg-1) diminished glucose induced increase of plasma insulin by 56% (15.2±0.9 versus 6.6± 0.6 ng/ml, p〈0.01, mean±SEM). Somatostatin infused at a rate of 50 μg·h-1·kg-1 body weight inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion by 33%. In the presence of a mixture of both C-peptides or somatostatin, blood glucose after intravenous glucose was higher than in the control experiments. In alloxan-diabetic rats, C-peptide (160 μg/kg) significantly increased and prolonged the hypoglycaemic effect of exogenous insulin. It is suggested that C-peptide may not be a biologically inert substance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 164 (1970), S. 303-312 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Injektion von Senfgaslösungen (HN-3) in verpuppungsreife Larven vonDrosophila melanogaster sowie diein vitro-Behandlung spätlarvaler männlicher Vorderbeinscheiben mit HN-3 bewirken folgendes Schädigungsmuster: Reduktion der Anzahl differenzierter Borsten und Trichome, Verkleinerung der gebildeten Beinteile, Veränderung des Borstenmusters und Differenzierung sockelloser Borsten ohne „bracts“. 2. Werden senfgasbehandelte Imaginalscheiben vor der Implantation in metamorphosierende Larvalwirte während 14 Tagen im Abdomen adulter Weibchen kultiviert, so differenzieren sich fast immer vollständige Borstenorgane, wobei Borsten der distalen Beinteile meistens von „bracts“ begleitet sind. 3. Nach Senfgasbehandlung wird die Transdetermination vollständig blockiert, obschon nach Einwirkung von 0,02 Μl HN-3/ml Insekten-Ringer die Beinimaginalscheiben während derin vivo-Kultur proliferieren. 4. Die Injektion von HN-3 in verpuppungsreifeDrosophila-Larven induziert somatische Mutationen. 5. In der Diskussion wird die Senfgaswirkung mit derjenigen von Mitomycin C verglichen und die Beeinflussung der Transdetermination durch HN-3 erörtert.
    Notes: Summary 1. Injection of nitrogen mustard (HN-3) into late third instar larvae ofDrosophila melanogaster and treatment of male foreleg disks with HN-3in vitro results in the following: formation of fewer bristles and hairs, reduction in size of leg parts, alteration of normal bristle patterns, and differentiation of bristle organs without sockets and bracts. 2. When disks, treated with HN-3, were cultivated in adult hosts for 14 days before transplantation into metamorphosing larvae, mostly complete bristle organs were formed, whereby bristles of distal leg parts usually form bracts. 3. Transdetermination is completely suppressed after HN-3-treatment, although proliferation occurs in disks treated with a concentration of 0,02 Μl HN-3 per ml Insect-Ringer. 4. Injection of HN-3 into late third instar larvae results in the induction of somatic mutations. 5. The effect of nitrogen mustard is compared with the effect of mitomycin C treatment and discussed with respect of the suppression of transdetermination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic mice ; isolated perfused pancreas ; high insulin levels ; hyperglucagonemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetes mellitus is held to be accompanied by inappropriately high levels of plasma glucagon relative to blood glucose concentrations. This has been interpreted as indicating lack of insulin. To establish glucagon release in presence of high levels of endogenous insulin, the effects of both glucose and arginine were studied in the isolated perfused pancreas of genetically diabetic mice (db/db). Stimulation with glucose 2.75 mM or glucose plus arginine 8.25 mM exhibited a pronounced hyperglucagonemia. Following glucose 8.25 mM, however, there was no depression of glucagon secretion. Despite excessive high levels of endogenous insulin, there was a pattern of rather non-suppressible glucagon release. Lack of insulin per se, therefore, is unlikely to be the sole cause of hyperglucagonemia in this type of genetic animal diabetes mellitus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Glucose transport, GLUT4, endosome, insulin resistance, insulin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Insulin stimulates glucose transport in adipose and muscle tissue by the translocation of a specialised pool of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles to the cell surface. It is well established that defective insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation is associated with insulin resistance. Long-term insulin treatment (500 nmol/l for 24 h) of 3T3-L1 adipocytes has previously been shown to decrease cellular GLUT4 content and reduce insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. Here, we test the hypothesis that the insulin resistance observed after long-term insulin treatment arises by the selective loss of GLUT4 from a specific intracellular compartment.¶Methods. Using iodixanol gradient centrifugation we have separated intracellular GLUT4 containing membranes into two distinct populations corresponding to recycling endosomes and a distinct intracellular compartment which probably represents GLUT4 storage vesicles (GSVs).¶Results. A short-term insulin stimulation reduced the content of GLUT4 in the GSV fraction (51 ± 3.5 %) with only a modest decrease from the endosomal fraction (23 ± 2.6 %). Long-term insulin treatment decreased cellular GLUT4 content by about 40 % and diminished the ability of a short-term insulin challenge to promote GLUT4 translocation. We further show that this depletion of cellular GLUT4 is selectively from the GSV fraction (68 ± 7 % decrease compared to untreated cells).¶Conclusions/interpretation. Such data argue that long-term insulin treatment results in the mis-targeting of GLUT4 such that it no longer accesses the GSV compartment. These data imply that defective targeting of GLUT4 away from the GSV compartment plays an important role in the aetiology of insulin resistance. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1273–1281]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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