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  • 1
    ISSN: 1126-5442
    Keywords: Key words Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis ; Oral contraceptives ; Factor V Leiden mutation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) is still considered a severe clinical problem that is difficult to diagnose and manage and is linked to a poor prognosis. Nonetheless, conventional cerebral angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or more recently, MR angiography allow a more rapid and precise diagnosis, and prognosis has improved with the use of anticoagulant treatment. We report 23 cases of CVST consecutively admitted to the Institute of Neurology of the University of Parma during the period 1990–1997. In all cases diagnosis was confirmed by means of MRI or conventional angiography of brain vessels. Among the patients, 22 were female and 1 was male. In all patients, plasma levels of protein C, protein S, antithrombin III (ATIII) and antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) were evaluated. In 15 of 23 patients, the presence of factor V Leiden mutation was also determined, and found positive in 3 patients (20%). Of the 22 female patients, 15 (68%) were on low-oestrogen (containing less than 50 μg oestrogen) oral contraceptive (OC) treatment. This percentage of OC use by patients with CVST is much higher than that of the rest of the female Italian population. OC use was associated with the presence of factor V Leiden mutation in two cases, with a deficiency of protein C in 1 case and a deficiency of protein S in another. Whether low-oestrogen Ocs may induce cerebral thromboembolic events is an open matter. According to our data, it may be argued that Ocs, even if at low oestrogen content, represent a major risk factor for CVST. The use of Ocs, as is the case for systemic venous thromboembolic events, may further increase the risk of CVST in women carrying the factor V Leiden mutation or other inherited hyperthrombotic conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 8 (1987), S. 171-175 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Systemic vasculitis ; polyneuropathy ; collagen disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario A seguito di una revisione dei casi di vasculite sistemica seguiti nel corso di un anno presso un reparto di Reumatologia, sono stati individuati 18 pazienti con caratteri clinici ed elettrofisiologici di polineuropatia distale simmetrica. Un rallentamento della velocità di conduzione motoria era presente in 7 pazienti, mentre segni EM Grafici di denervazione nei muscoli distali degli arti inferiori erano presenti in tutti i casi, tranne uno. Il potenziale d’azione sensitivo (SAP) del nervo surale era assente bilateralmente in un caso, e di ampiezza ridotta in 14 su 16 pazienti esaminati, con ridotta velocità di conduzione in 9 casi. La biopsia del nervo sulrale, eseguita in 6 pazienti, mostrava prevalenti aspetti di tipo assonopatico. Questo studio documenta gli aspetti di compromissione diffusa del sistema nervoso periferico in corso di vasculite sistemica: dal punto di vista elettrofisiologico, l’alterazione di ampiezza del SAP rappresenta il reperto più comune assieme agli aspetti di denervazione, mentre le velocità di conduzione appaiono relativamente risparmiate.
    Notes: Abstract A review of case of systemic vasculitis followed for one year in a rheumatology depertment resulted in the detection of 18 patients who on the clinical and electrophysiological evidence had symmetrical distal polyneuropathy. A moderate impairment of the motor conduction velocity was present in 7 patients, with electromyographic neurogenic changes in the distal lower limbs of all but one patient. The sensory action potential of the sural nerve was bilaterally absent in one case, and its amplitude was reduced in 14 out of 16 patients, with a decreased sensory conduction velocity in 9 cases. The sural nerve biopsy, performed in 6 patients, was prevalently suggestive of previous axonal degeneration. This investigation illustrates the spectrum of diffuse peripheral nerve involvement associated with systemic vasculitis. A variable impairment of the sensory action potential, ranging from slight decrease of amplitude to no response, is the most common finding. Conduction velocities appear to be relatively spared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 10 (1989), S. 221-221 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 7 (1986), S. 93-96 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Carpal tunnel syndrome ; median nerve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Sono stati esaminati 56 pazienti con Sindrome Tunnel Carpale (CTS), per un totale di 84 mani. Ciascun paziente è stato valutato clinicamente ed elettromiograficamente. L'esame clinico mirava ad evidenziare la presenza di deficit sensitivi e motori e rilevare la presenza di altre patologie. Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di valutare l'esistenza di una correlazione tra sintomi e/o segni clinici e dati elettromiografici. È stata rilevata una correlazione particolarmente significantiva tra deficit sensitivo (ipoestesia tattile e/o dolorifica) e ampiezza del SAP e inoltre tra la comparsa di deficit motori (ipostenia) e/o atrofia e la latenza distale motoria.
    Notes: Abstract 56 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with 84 hands affected were investigated. All patients were assessed clinically and electromyographically in order to find out whether there is a correlation between clinical signs and/or symptoms and the EMG data. A highly significant correlation was found between sensory deficit (hypoesthesia to touch and/or pain) and the amplitude of SAP and a significant correlation between motor deficits (weakness and/or atrophy) and distal motor latency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 9 (1988), S. 173-174 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ; status spongiosus ; transmissible subacute encephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario 10 su 11 pazienti di malattia di Creutzfeldt-Jakob sono stati visti dal febbraio 1975 al novembre 1979. Mentre i reperti clinici ed elettroencefalografici sono stati omogenei, i dati neuropatologici sono stati diversi da caso a caso: l'astrogliosi è sempre stata fenomeno diffuso ed ubiquitario mentre le altre classiche lesioni (perdita neuronale e spongiosi) sono state notevolmente variabili sia per gravità che per caratteri e localizzazione.
    Notes: Abstract 10 of the 11 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients were seen between February 1975 and November 1979. Whilst the clinical and EEG findings were uniform, the neuropathological changes were not: astrogliosis was always diffuse and widespread but the other typical changes (neuronal loss and spongiosis) varied greatly both in degree and location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Coma and sleep patterns ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ; cyclic EEG changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Il contributo diagnostico dell'elettroencefalografia nella malattia di Creutzfeldt-Jakob è fornito non solo dalla presenza di un pattern caratteristico con anomalie pseudoperiodiche, ma anche dalla comparsa di modificazioni cicliche del tracciato. La comparsa delle modificazioni cicliche in 9 pazienti affetti da malattia di Creutzfeldt-Jakob è precoce nel corso della fase di stato della malattia e si manifesta in coincidenza di un abbassamento del livello di vigilanza. La percentuale di questo tracciato alternante ciclico aumenta con il progredire della malattia fino a raggiungere il 100% alla instaurazione del coma. Nel tracciato alternante ciclico le frequenze cardiaca e respiratoria sono sempre più elevate durante la fase A rispetto alla B. Le crisi ipertoniche e la maggior parte delle miocloniche sono presenti solo durante la fase A, ma le mioclonie parziali e le fascicolazioni sono egualmente presenti nelle due fasi. Il comportamento delle alternanze cicliche nella malattia di Creutzfeldt-Jakob mostra che i sistemi di vigilanza vi sono applicati in modo severo e progressivo. Uno studio longitudinale di questi aspetti poligrafici si dimostra molto utile per sorvegliare l'evoluzione clinica della malattia di Creutzfelt-Jakob.
    Notes: Abstract The diagnostic value of the EEG in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is based not only on the presence of a typical pattern of periodic discharges but also on the appearance of cyclic changes in the EEG. The pattern of the cyclic EEG changes was analysed in 9 patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The changes appear when the level of wakefulness is reduced. The alternating pattern rate increases as the disease progresses and accounts for as much as 100 per cent of the tracing when the patient is in coma. During the cyclic changes the cardiorespiratory rate is always higher in phase A than in phase B. Hypertonic fits and most myoclonic jerks are present only in the A-phase, whereas partial myoclonus and fasciculations are present in both phases. The cyclic change pattern in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease reveals a progressive, serious involvement of the waking system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: migrant sensory neuritis ; sensory neuropathy ; AIDS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario La “Neurite Sensitiva Migrante di Wartenberg” è una rara sindrome caratterizzata dal coinvolgimento successivo e transitorio di diversi tronchi nervosi sensitivi. Descriviamo il caso di una giovane donna affetta da AIDS che ha presentato un quadro clinico compatibile con questa neuropatia sensitiva. Tra le diverse sindromi neurologiche associate ad AIDS segnaliamo la possibilità di osservare anche la Neurite Sensitiva Migrante.
    Notes: Abstract We studied an AIDS patient who suffered from numbness, paresthesias and pain in the territories of different non-contiguous cutaneous nerves at different times. A transitory partial loss of touch and pinprick sensibility was also present in the same cutaneous areas. Sensory conduction velocities and SAP amplitudes were normal. The clinical picture was consistent with the Migrant Sensory Neuritis of Wartenberg. This rare neuropathy has never previously been described in patients affected by AIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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