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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meccanica 13 (1978), S. 208-224 
    ISSN: 1572-9648
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The present paper consists of a theorethical and a numerical part. The purpose of the former is the derivation of total as well as incremental equations of motion for general nonlinear dynamic analysis of thin shells by the Finite Element Method. A modification of Hamilton's principle, permitting consideration of nonconservative internal and external forces, serves as the vehicle to meet this goal. Special features of the derivation are: (a) consideration of follower loads acting normally to the shell throughout the deformation history and (b) the use of Lagrangian multipliers in order to satisfy originally relaxed interelement continuity conditions. In the numerical part of this paper the theorethical concept is applied to the analysis of cooling-tower shells. The numerical investigation covers solution of the quasistatic stress problem and determination of quasistatic buckling wind pressures for a cooling tower shell subjected to wind load as well as earthquake response analysis for another one. A novel scheme for static condensation of massless degrees of freedom is found to permit an effective solution of the eigenproblem, required as a prerequisite to obtain the earthquake response.
    Notes: Sommario IL presente lavoro consiste di una parte teorica ed una numerica. Loscopo della prima è la derivazione delle equazioni di moto, sia totali che incrementali, per una generale analisi non lineare dinamica di gusci sottili per mezzo del metodo degli elementi finiti. Una modifica del principio di Hamilton, che permette di considerare forze interne ed esterne non conservative, serve come veicolo per raggiungere questo obiettivo. Aspetti particolari di questa derivazione sono: (a) la considerazione di forze che si mantengono normali alla superficie del guscio durante la sua deformazione; (b) l'uso di moltiplicatori di Lagrange per soddisfare alle condizioni di continuità tra elementi contigui, non imposte «a priori». Nella parte numerica, la formazione teorica è applicata all'analisi di torri di raffreddamento ad iperboloide. Per una torre soggetta a carico di vento vengono determinate, in regime quasistatico, lo stato di sollecitazione ed il valore critico della pressione. Viene poi analizzata la risposta ad azione sismiche mediante un nuovo algoritmo per la condensazione statica dei gradi di libertà non affetti da masse concentrate e per la successiva soluzione del problema degli autovalori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 26 (1988), S. 1403-1431 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Buckling of compression flanges of welded I-beams consisting of more than one lamella is characterized by partial loss of contact between the lamella welded to the web and the neighbouring lamella. The boundaries of the contact regions of the buckling modes of the two lamellae are originally unknown. Thus, the present elasto-plastic plate-stability problem is coupled with a contact problem. It represents a unilateral problem because eigenforms with penetrations of lamellae are physically impossible. This problem is solved first for the elastic material domain. The Rayleigh-Ritz method is used for determining symmetric eigenforms. A finite-strip technique is employed for determining unsymmetric eigenforms. The solution of the unilateral elastic plate-buckling problems serves as the starting point for the iterative solution of the corresponding elasto-plastic plate-stability problem. The buckling pressures obtained are compared with corresponding buckling stresses resulting from a classical design procedure disregarding the interaction of the lamellae at buckling.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 1593-1604 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Employing C0 conforming thin shell elements, a derivation of general algebraic equations for enforcing C1 interelement continuity in a ‘weak’ (that is, integral) sense is presented. ‘Restoration’ of strict C1 continuity is treated as a special case of the proposed concept. The cónstraint equations do not depend on the metric of the given shell. While, for smooth shells, this is automatically the case, if strict C1 continuity is ‘restored’, the constraint equations usually depend on the metric of the shell, if only ‘weak’ C1 continuity is enforced. The independence of the proposed constraint equations of the metric of the shell facilitates the computer implementation of the proposed approach. It is demonstrated that linear dependencies among the constraint equations can easily be detected and a priori be eliminated. It is also shown that, in certain cases, it is very easy to switch from an (intrinsically) element-interface-oriented concept to an element-oriented technique of generating constraint equations with the help of the digital computer. The latter mode offers computational advantages, if an element-oriented mode of solving the global system of algebraic equations (equilibrium and constraint equations), such as Irons' wave front technique, is adopted.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 21 (1985), S. 2071-2098 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to report on a new and efficient method for the evaluation of singular integrals in stress analysis of elastic and elasto-plastic solids, respectively, by the direct boundary element method (BEM). Triangle polar co-ordinates are used to reduce the order of singularity of the boundary integrals by one degree and to carry out the integration over mappings of the boundary elements onto plane squares. The method was subsequently extended to the cubature of singular integrals over three-dimensional internal cells as occur in applications of the BEM to three-dimensional elasto-plasticity. For this purpose so-called tetrahedron polar co-ordinates were introduced. Singular boundary integrals stretching over either linear, triangular, or quadratic quadilateral, isoparametric boundry elements and singular volume integrals extending over either linear, tetrahedral, or quadratic, hexahedral, isoparametric internal cells are treated. In case of higher order isoparametric boundary elements and internal cells, division into a number of subelements and subcells, respectively, is necessary. The analytical investigation is followed by a numerical study restricted to the use of quadratic, quadrilateral, isoparametric boundary elements. This is justified by the fact that such elements, as opposed to linear elements, yield singular boundary integrals which cannot be integrated analytically. The results of the numerical investigation demonstrate the potential of the developed concept.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 11 (1977), S. 145-167 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Simplified Hybrid Displacement Method, an attractive modification of one of the principles of stationary value of modified potential energy, is examined critically and compared to another form of such variational principles and to the classical principle of minimum of potential energy. The three methods are studied from a theoretical vantage point and through the medium of numerical examples. A non-conforming triangular finite plate bending element serves as the vehicle to solve a number of simple problems, utilizing the classical principle of minimum potential energy, a principle of stationary value of modified potential energy and the Simplified Hybrid Displacement Method.The attraction of this method derives from the fact that no additional independent unknown parameters - Lagrangian multipliers from a mathematical standpoint - enter into the modified energy functional, as is usually the case with hybrid methods.It is demonstrated numcrically that the Simplified Hybrid Displacement Method may become unstable. It is also shown that the stationary values of the modified energy functional for this method may be inconsistent with the corresponding minima of the classical potential energy. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the Simplified Hybrid Displacement method is, in general, incapable of ‘restoring’ interelement slope continuity in the sense of a principle of stationary value of modified potential energy, that is, at least in an ‘integral sense’.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 21 (1985), S. 1971-1999 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In general, the Lagrange multiplier method (LMM) is used to incorporate subsidiary conditions into variational principles. The Lagrange multipliers represent an additional field of independent variables. The attempt to satisfy subsidiary conditions without employing additional independent unknowns has led to the development of simplified variational principles (SVP). They are characterized by expressing Lagrange multipliers in terms of original field variables by means of the Euler-Lagrange equations for the multipliers, providing their physical interpretation.In the first part of the theoretical investigation, systems with infinitely many degrees-of-freedom are studied. It is shown that the Euler-Lagrange equations of a LMM based on a modification of the principle of minimum of potential energy (PMIPE) do not hold unconditionally, that is, for arbitrary subsidiary conditions, for the corresponding SVP. The second part of the theoretical investigation is concerned with systems with a finite number of degrees-of-freedom. The finite element method (FEM) is employed to discuss and compare the characteristics of the LMM and of the corresponding SVP. Contrary to the former, the latter are found to be problem-dependent. Several shortcomings of the SVP are listed, including the possibility of obtaining an infinite sequence of singular coefficient matrices in the process of a systematic mesh refinement. Consequently, convergence of finite element solutions to the true solution in the limit of finite element representations is not guaranteed. The theoretical findings are corroborated by the results of a detailed numerical study.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Wien [u.a.] :Springer Wien,
    Title: Festigkeitslehre /
    Author: Mang, Herbert A.
    Contributer: Hofstetter, Günter
    Edition: 2., aktual. Aufl.
    Publisher: Wien [u.a.] :Springer Wien,
    Year of publication: 2004
    Pages: XIV, 487 S.
    ISBN: 3-211-21208-6
    Type of Medium: Book
    Language: German
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