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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5010
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 diabetes ; HLA-A2 ; age association ; Pima Indians ; diabetes ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Pima Indians with Type 2 (insulin independent) diabetes mellitus, HLA-A2 allele frequencies were inversely associated with age, (0.72, 0.59, and 0.52 in those less than 35, 35 to 54, and 55 years old and over, respectively). This suggests that there may be a gene closely linked with the HLA-A locus which plays a role in the expression of diabetes in the Pimas by contributing to an earlier age of onset. HLA-A2 was found in 65% of 69 non-diabetic and 81% of 191 diabetic subjects (relative risk = 2.2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 25 (1971), S. 679-710 
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 21 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Our research suggests that interferon may have an immunoregulatory role in the initiation phase of immune responses. Recent evidence has demonstrated that lymphokines regulate monocyte cell surface expression of DR antigens and, consequently, the ability of monocytes to activate T lymphocytes in an antigen-specific manner. In this report cloned interferons and a homogeneous cell line were used to demonstrate that interferon possesses these immunoregulatory functions. Cells of the promyelocytic cell line HL60, when incubated in vitro with recombinant gamma (IFN-γ) and with alpha interferons (IFN-α), expressed enhanced levels of DR antigen as determined by both cytotoxicity and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyses. Lower concentrations of IFN-γ than IFN-α were needed to induce DR expression, and a higher percentage of monocytes were induced to express DR antigen by IFN-γ than IFN-α. HL60 cells preincubated with lymphocyte-derived lymphokines or IFN-α also stimulated a significantly better in vitro allogeneic response in the mixed leukocyte reaction than untreated HL60 cells. Thus, interferon enhanced both the phenotypic expression of DR antigens of HL60 cells and their functional ability to inititiate T-lymphocyte responses to an alloantigen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A computer search was carried out for homologies between HLA-A and HLA-B antigen sequences and the sequences of constant and variable regions of immunoglobulins and of all other sequenced proteins. Searches were made both with relatively short peptide sequences from the HLA antigens and with those longer peptide sequences which were available in 1978. Significant homology of HLA antigen sequences to immunoglobulin constant region sequences was found in two cases: (1) a short decapeptide sequence which includes the fourth cysteine residue of HLA-B7 and (2) an 89-amino-acid residue (Ac-2) C-terminal fragment of the papain-solubilized HLA-B7 molecule. The difficulty of establishing statistically significant sequence homology with relatively short peptide sequences is emphasized by computer-based comparisons of the decapeptide sequence with randomly generated peptide sequences. It is concluded that statistically significant homology with short sequences can be assured only when extraordinarily high degrees of homology are present and additional constraints are included in the matches, for example, matches at relatively rare amino acid residues such as Cys, His and Trp. The homology of the 89-amino-acid residue sequence to constant region sequences of immunoglobulins is as great as or greater than that of β2-microglobulin. These findings and the unique domain structure involving a disulphide loop of comparable size strongly favour a common evolutionary origin for this region of HLA-A and -B, β2-microglobulin and immunoglobulin constant regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 10 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Certain mouse alloantisera have been found to detect immunologic cross-reactions between human and murine Ia antigens. Almost every anti-Iaa, -Iak and -Iad serum tested exhibited such cross-reactions. Sera prepared against the products of limited segments of the mouse I region and tested on human B cells revealed that anti-I-E/Ck cross-reactions were more readily detectable than anti-I-A,B,Jk cross-reactions. Most of the mouse alloantisera were cytotoxic to cells from almost every individual tested, although a few sera exhibited more restricted patterns of lysis, permitting limited segregation analyses. The cytotoxicity of these mouse alloantisera in family studies was consistent with HLA linkage of the genes responsible for the cross-reacting Ia determinants. Immunochemical analysis on radiolabelled detergent lysales of human lymphocytes indicated that the sera reacted with molecules of 34,000 and 28,000 daltons. Thus, by cellular distribution. HLA association, and immunochemical criteria, these mouse alloantisera detect human Ia antigens. These cross-reactive sera should be of practical value for the detection of human Ia antigens and may also have theoretical implications for the evolution of genes coding for Ia antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental management 4 (1980), S. 111-124 
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Carolinian ; Ecology ; Ideology ; Policy ; Rondeau ; Technology ; Wildland Management ; Parks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This is a critical examination of some of the basic concepts that have guided management of parks and related reserves, often termed wildlands. Study is focussed on Rondeau Provincial Park, Ontario, and on concepts such as wilderness, primeval forest, and the Carolinian forest. Deer culling and other management policies and practices have been based upon the idea that the highly valued sassafras, tulip, and other species of the Carolinian forest are decreasing due to browsing. Field mapping and analysis of historic vegetation records indicate that this trend is not in fact occurring. Historic research also reveals difficulties in defining the Carolinian or other perceived types of forest for management purposes. A major reassessment of ideology and management policy and practice seem to be required in Rondeau and other wildlands. Vague or general concepts such as wilderness or preservation should be strongly complemented and supported by more precise statements of objectives, a learning attitude, and experimentation and research. As a result of the technical uncertainties and value judgments frequently involved, management should also be based upon the expressed preferences and continuing involvement of citizens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] HTLV is a type-C retrovirus and productive HTLV infection can be identified with antisera that has specificity for the ? 19 and p24 core proteins and reverse transcriptase activity9"11. The presence of the provirus is detected by nucleic acid hybridization. Cell lines were established from ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 232 (1971), S. 638-639 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We studied sera from recipients of bone marrow transplants being cared for on the Leukemia Service of the National Cancer Institute. Of eight patients who underwent bone marrow transplants from their HL-A identical siblings, four developed clinical manifestations compatible with GVH, and in three ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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