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  • 1
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In jeder der 23 Familien mit zwei- oder mehrfachem Auftreten von hepatitisförmiger Gelbsucht (Indexfälle) wurden alle Familienmitglieder untersucht, um die HBAg-Anhäufung und das Vorkommen asymptomatischer Leberkrankheiten zu beurteilen. Die „Indexfälle“ von hepatitisförmiger Gelbsucht beliefen sich auf 49; ferner 38 Fälle von akuter Virushepatitis, 5 Fälle von chronisch aggressiver Hepatitis und 6 Fälle von akuter Zirrhose. Die Gesamtzahl der Mitglieder in diesen Familien (ausschließlich der Indexfälle) betrug 170, wovon 155 durch klinische Untersuchung, Labortests und bioptische Leberpunktion geprüft wurden. Bei 27 der 155 Personen fand sich der Nachweis von Leberkrankheiten (10 Fälle von antikterischer Hepatitis, 12 Fälle von chronisch aggressiver Hepatitis und 5 Fälle von Zirrhose). Bei 19 dieser Patienten war HBAg im Serum vorhanden, zwei der zirrhotischen Patienten waren positiv. Ferner waren 33 der 155 Fälle gesunde HBAg-Träger ohne Anomalie der Leberfunktionstests. Bei der Mehrzahl dieser Träger ergab der histologische Leberbefund eine leichte Schädigung (nadelkopfförmige Nekrose oder Portitis), die manchmal einer wiederauflösenden Virushepatitis entsprach. Eine longitudinale Nachbeobachtung der HBAg-Träger zeigte, daß drei dieser Personen akute Virushepatitis entwickelten.
    Notes: Summary In each of 23 families in which two or more cases of acute hepatitis-like jaundice (index cases) occurred, all family members were studied to evaluate HBAg clustering and the incidence of asymptomatic liver disease. There were 49 “index cases” of hepatitis-like jaundice: 38 cases of acute viral hepatitis, 5 of chronic agressive hepatitis and 6 of active cirrhosis. The overall number of members in these families (excluding index cases) was 170 and 155 of which were tested by clinical examination, laboratory tests and needle liver biopsy. In 27 out of the 155 subjects there was evidence of liver diseases (10 non icteric hepatitis cases, 12 CAH cases and 5 cirrhosis cases). HBAg was present in the serum of 19 of these patients, and two of the cirrhotic patients were positive. Furthermore, 33 of the 155 cases were healthy HBAg carriers showing no abnormality in liver function tests. In the majority of these carriers liver histology showed slight damage (pin-head necrosis or portitis) sometimes compatible with resolving viral hepatitis. A long-term follow-up of the HBAg carriers showed that three of these subjects progressed to acute viral hepatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Hepatitis B vaccine ; Recipient of HBV vaccine ; Human immunodeficiency virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Typhoid fever ; Epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Typhoid fever is endemic in the Neapolitan area, where its yearly incidence rate largely exceeds the corresponding national figure. During the period from January to June, 1990, a matched case-control study was carried out in order to identify risk factors of the disease in this area; 51 subjects (mean age 27.2 years) with typhoid fever were compared with 102 controls matched with respect to age, sex and educational level. Consumption of raw shellfish was reported by 76.5% of the cases, as opposed to 19.6% of the controls (P 〈 0.01). Subjects who had eaten this food item had a 13.3-fold risk (C.I. 95% = 5.5 - 32.8) of contracting typhoid fever. In contrast, no risk was found to be associated with consumption of cooked shellfish, raw vegetables, ice-cream, non-potable water, or unpasteurized milk. The risk factor identified in this study shows that hazardous dietary habits and inadequate sewage treatment facilities, combined with lack of sanitation in the harvesting and marketing of shellfish, play a major role in the endemicity of typhoid fever in the Neapolitan area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 5 (1977), S. 95-97 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwei Patienten mit einer fulminanten Lebernekrose, die sich im Koma Stadium IV befanden, wurden mit einer schnellen Infusion einer gekühlten, gepufferten Albumin-Elektrolytlösung und gleichzeitigen Ganzkörper-Spülung behandelt, um die zirkulierenden Neurotoxine zu entfernen und zusätzlich Zeit für die Leberregeneration zu gewinnen. Nach der Behandlung erwachten beide Patienten aus dem Koma. Ein Patient erholte sich vollständig, der andere starb am zweiten Tag an den Folgen einer massiven Magen-Darm-Blutung. Die klinische Bedeutung und die technischen Probleme des Verfahrens werden untersucht.
    Notes: Summary Two patients with fulminant hepatic necrosis and in stage IV coma were treated with a rapid infusion of refrigerated buffered albumin electrolyte solution combined with simultaneous total body wash-out in order to remove the circulating neurotoxins and to provide additional time for liver regeneration. Both patients awoke from the coma following treatment. One patient recovered completely, the other died on the second day as a result of massive gastro-intestinal bleeding. The clinical value and the technical problems of the procedure are investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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