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  • 1
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Glycoprotein ; Interleukin 2 ; Recombinant lymphokine
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Recombinant DNA ; eukaryotic expression vectors ; rerouting ; synthetic gene
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Recombinant DNA ; T7 expression system ; secretion ; signal peptide ; simple extraction procedure ; synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 203 (1994), S. 1028-1034 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 221-227 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Callosotomy ; generalized falling seizures ; outcome prognostic factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of the present study was to verify the effect of callosotomy on generalized seizures, to check the effect on other seizure types and to search for possible prognostic factors. Twenty patients with a minimum follow-up of one year (mean 3.5 years) were available for our analysis. In six of them the callosotomy was performed in two stages (total: 26 surgical procedures). Age ranged from 14 to 40 years (mean 23 years). Different aetiologies were known in 15 patients. Duration of epilepsy ranged from 6 to 23 years (mean 15 years). The frequency of seizures ranged between 19 and 750 per month. The most significant effect of surgery was the complete suppression of the generalized seizures associated with falling in 9/19 and their reduction of more than 80% in 7/19 patients (total “good results”: 16/19). The generalized tonic-clonic seizures were less affected. The surgical effect on the partial seizures was very variable, the partial simple seizures being the most affected. A positive statistical association with the outcome of the generalized seizures with fall was found for a presurgical seizure frequency below 90 per month, a prevalent bilateral EEG epileptic activity and, to a less extent, the absence of cerebral structural lesions. The role of age, aetiology, duration of the disease, single or more seizure types, mental impairment and extent of callosotomy remains uncertain. Disconnection syndrome does not appear if the splenium is spared. The present findings confirm that the main indication for callosotomy is the occurrence of generalized seizures with fall. Surgery can be initially limited to the anterior 2/3 of the corpus callosum; further posterior section of the corpus, excluding the splenium, should be regarded as a second step, when necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 81 (1974), S. 37-50 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen über die Atmung von soliden Tumoren wie des Morris-Hepatoms in Schnittpräparaten ermöglichen die Bewertung der Wirkung der Mitochondrialenergie besser als vereinzelter, isolierter Mitochondrien. Ferner liefern diese Versuche eine Methode, um den Anteil der extramitochondrialen Elektronenübertragung am gesamten Sauerstoffverbrauch der Zelle genau abzuschätzen. Vergleichsweise wurden auch Versuche mit Rattenlebern der ACI/T und Wistar-Stämme durchgeführt. Die endogene Atmung der Hepatomschnitte wurde auf 27% durch 2,4-Dinitrophenol gesteigert und auf 47% durch Oligomyoin gehemmt. Die Oligomycinhemmung wurde nicht ganz durch 2,4-Dinitrophenol aufgehoben. Gleiche Befunde wurden auch bei Rattenleberschnitten erhoben. Succinat, aber nicht die NAD-gebundenen Substrate, steigern die endogene Atmung der Hepatomaschnitte. Durch Ouabain wurde eine 17% ige Hemmung der Atmung bei Glukose 120 Minuten bei 1° C vorbehandelter Hepatomschnitte hervorgerufen. Elektronenmikroskopisch besitzen die Mitochondrien eine orthodoxe Konfiguration. Bei Atmungshemmung auf 1° C nahmen die Mitochondrien eine kondensierte Form an; bei 38° C gingen sie zu orthodoxer Konfiguration über. Rotenone, Antimycin A und Cyanid hemmen die Endogenatmung der Hepatomschnitte zu 85–90% und der Rattenleberschnitte (ACI/T-Stamm) zu 57, 68 und 74%. Nach Behandlung der Ratten des Wistar-Stammes mit Phenobarbital ist die endogene Atmung der Rattenleberschnitte nicht verändert. Dennoch wurde die Atmung durch Aminopyrin auf 15–20% gesteigert und auf 48,5% bei Antimycin A und auf 30% bei Antimycin A plus Aminopyrin gehemmt. Verabreichung von Phenobarbital an tumortragende Ratten des ACI/T-Stammes beeinflußte die Tumoratmung nicht. Diese Ergebnisse beweisen, daß die Atmung der Hepatomschnitte mit den Energie-liefernden Reaktionen verbunden ist und daß die Mitochondrien in den Schnitten sich in einem Zwischenzustand zwischen Status 3 und 4 befinden. Der Hemmstoff-unempfindliche Sauerstoffverbrauch wird wahrscheinlich durch die Wirkung der Elektronentransport-Systeme in den Membranen des außermitochondrialen Anteiles der Zellen verursacht.
    Notes: Summary The study of the respiration of solid tumours performed with slice preparations may provide opportunities to evaluate the mitochondrial energy efficiency in a more suitable manner than by using isolated mitochondria. Moreover, such an experimental approach affords a method for estimating at which extent systems of extramitochondrial electron transport can contribute to the total oxygen consumption of the whole cell. In this work we have studied an experimental tumour of the rat, the Morris hepatoma 3924A. Experiments have been also carried out comparatively with rat liver of the ACI/T and Wistar strains. The endogenous respiration of hepatoma slices was stimulated by 27% by 2,4-dinitrophenol and inhibited by 47% by oligomycin. The oligomycin inhibition was not completely released by 2,4-dinitrophenol. A similar behaviour is shown by rat-liver slices. Succinate, but not the NAD-linked substrates, enhanced the endogenous respiration of hepatoma slices. A 17% inhibition by ouabain of the respiration in the presence of glucose was observed in hepatoma slices preincubated 120 min at 1°. Electron microscopic examination of tumour slices showed that mitochondria are in the orthodox conformation. They changed to the condensed conformation following inhibition of respiration at 1°; at 38° they underwent transition to the orthodox conformation. Rotenone, antimycin A and cyanide inhibited the endogenous respiration of hepatoma slices by 85–90% and that of rat liver slices (ACI/T strain) by 57, 68, and 74%, respectively. Treatment of rats of the Wistar strain with phenobarbital did not modify the endogenous respiration of rat-liver slices. However, the respiration was stimulated by 15–20% in the presence of aminopyrine, and inhibited by 48.5% by antimycin A and by 30% by antimycin A plus aminopyrine. Phenobarbital administration to tumour-bearing rats of the ACI/T strain did not influence the tumour respiration. These results provide evidence that the respiration of the hepatoma 3924 A slices is coupled to energy conservation reactions. They further suggest that mitochondria within the slices are in a state intermediate between States 3 and 4. The inhibitor-insensitive oxygen consumption may be ascribed to the operation of electron transport pathways located in membrane systems of the extramitochondrial compartment of the cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 12 (1996), S. 654-663 
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Craniosynostosis ; Trigonocephaly ; Skull base ; Surgical technique ; “Shell” operation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Metopic synostosis is a relatively simple form of craniosynostosis, resulting from premature fusion of the metopic suture. In this pathology different degrees of dysmorphia of the anterior cranial fossa and the presence of associated anomalies of the skull might enable specific subgroups to be identified. Since most functional and cosmetic anomalies benefit from early surgical treatment, over the last few years neurosurgeons have been forced to elaborate less drastic, but nonetheless effective, surgical techniques. In the present report we analyze the surgical results obtained in a series of 62 infants with trigonocephaly operated on within their 1st year of life. Patients were subdivided into two groups (group I: 8 patients; group II: 54 patients) according to the specific dysmorphic characteristics of the frontal bone and anterior cranial fossa, and the presence of compensatory deformities affecting the anterior cranial base and temporo-parietal region. All the patients were treated using one of two relatively simple surgical techniques (procedure A: inversion of two hemifrontal bone flaps-48 cases; procedure B: the “shell” operation-14 cases). Both surgical procedures appeared to be effective, allowing adequate functional and cosmetic correction of the cranial deformity. In patients operated on following procedure B surgical time and and blood loss were dramatically reduced. Long-term outcomes were satisfactory in all cases, irrespective of the surgical technique used. In the group II patients, however, progressive normalization of the interorbital distance was constantly observed, suggesting a different degree of stenotic involvement at the level of the anterior cranial base in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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