Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of metronidazole therapy on preterm birth in women with bacterial vaginosis flora (Gardnerella vaginalis): a randomised, placebo controlled trial (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 104 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To ascertain whether metronidazole treatment of women with a heavy growth of Gardnerella vaginalis during mid-pregnancy would reduce the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.Design A multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trialSetting Four metropolitan hospitals.Participants Eight hundred and seventy-nine singleton women with a heavy growth of G. vaginalis or Gram stain indicative of bacterial vaginosis at 19 weeks of gestation.Interventions Oral metronidazole (400 mg) or placebo twice daily for two days at 24 weeks of gestation, and at 29 weeks if G. vaginalis found in test-of-cure swab four weeks after treatment.Main outcome measures Spontaneous preterm birth less than 37 weeks.Results Intention-to-treat analysis showed no difference between metronidazole and placebo groups in overall preterm birth (31/429 [7.2%] vs 32/428 [7.5%]) or spontaneous preterm birth (20/429 [4.7%] vs 24/428 [5.6%]). Among the 480 women with bacterial vaginosis, treatment had no effect on spontaneous preterm birth (11/242 [4.5%] vs 15/238 [6.3%]). In the subset of 46 women with a previous preterm birth, women in the metronidazole group showed a significant reduction in spontaneous preterm birth (2/22 [9.1%] vs 10/24 [41.7%], OR 0.14, 95%CI 0.01–0.84). A treatment effect was also found in compliant women with a previous preterm birth and bacterial vaginosis (0/14 [0%] vs 6/17 [35.3%], OR 0.0,95%CI 0.0–0.94).Conclusion Metronidazole treatment of women with a heavy growth of G. vaginalis or bacterial vaginosis did not reduce the preterm birth rate. Among women with a previous preterm birth, treatment reduced the risk of spontaneous preterm birth. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11009.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Authors’ reply (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 99 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13889.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenatal microbiological risk factors associated with preterm birth (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 99 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To study the vaginal flora of pregnant women at 22–28 weeks gestation to determine whether the presence of specific micro-organisms is significantly associated with preterm birth and prelabour rupture of the membranes.Design A comprehensive descriptive prospective study of the vaginal micro-flora of women between 22–28 weeks gestation comparing those who gave birth preterm (〈37 weeks) with those who gave birth at term. Microbiological assessment included cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeasts, genital mycoplasmas and Tri-chomonas vaginalis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to account for confounding obstetric and demographic variables.Setting The Queen Victoria Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia.Subjects 135 women who gave birth preterm compared to 651 women who gave birth at term.Main outcome measure Preterm birth and preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM)Results The prevalence of Gardnerella vaginalis between 22–28 weeks was significantly higher in women who gave birth preterm compared to women who gave birth at term (23%vs 15%; multiple logistic regression odds ratio (OR) 1.8, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.01–3.2, P〈0.05. Ureaplasma urealyticum was also found in a higher proportion of women who gave birth preterm (49% vs 32% OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.6, P〈0.0005). Preterm PROM occurred in 42% of whom 60% were carriers of U. urealyticum between 22–28 weeks, compared with 32% in the term group (OR 3.2, CI 1.7–6.1, f〈0.0005). When women who received antibiotics between the mid-trimester swab and labour were excluded, G. vaginalis was also significantly associated with preterm PROM (OR 2.7, CI 1.1–6.5, P〈0.05). The presence of vaginal enteropharyngeal bacteria (E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Haemophilus spp., Staph. aureus) in the midtrimester was not predictive of preterm birth, but when these organisms were found in labour, they appeared to have been acquired later in the pregnancy.Conclusion Women carrying G. vaginalis or U. urealyticum during the midtrimester had nearly twice the risk of preterm birth, while women positive for U. urealyticum had more than a threefold risk of preterm PROM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1992.tb14497.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vaginal infection and preterm labour (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 98 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective— To study the vaginal flora of women in preterm labour (PTL) and determine whether the presence of specific vaginal microflora is significantly associated with onset of PTL.Design— A comprehensive prospective study of the vaginal microflora of women in early labour comparing women in PTL with term controls. Microbiological assessment included cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, yeasts, genital mycoplasmas and Trichomonas vaginalis. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding obstetric and demographic variables.Setting— The Queen Victoria Hospital, Adelaide.Patients— 428 Women in PTL compared to 568 women in labour at term.Main outcome measure— PTL and preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) in relation to specific vaginal microflora.Results— After multiple logistic regression analysis, two distinct bacteriological groupings were associated with PTL 〈37 weeks gestation, namely, the bacterial vaginosis group of organisms, Gardnerella vaginalis and Bacteroides spp., and a group of enteropharyngeal organisms, E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Haemophilus spp. and S. aureus. G. vaginalis was found in 12% of women in PTL compared to 6% at term [regression odds ratio (ROR) 1.8, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.1–3.1] whereas Bacteroides spp. were detected in 45% of women in PTL compared with 35% at term (ROR 1.6, CI 1.2–2.1). The prevalence of G. vaginalis (17%) and Bacteroides spp. (50%) was even higher in women in PTL 〈34 weeks gestation. The enteropharyngeal group of organisms were more commonly present in women in PTL 〈37 weeks (E. coli 10% vs 6%, ROR 1.4, CI 0.8–2.4; Klebsiella spp. 3% vs 〈1%, ROR 5.4, CI 1.1–26.7; Haemophilus spp. 2% vs 〈1%, ROR 5.5, CI 1.1–28.6; aureus 6% vs 4%, ROR 1.8, CI 0.9–3.3) and were isolated even more frequently in women in PTL 〈34 weeks (E. coli 15%; Klebsiella spp. 4%; S. aureus 7%). Bacteroides spp., Klebsiella spp., and Haemophilus spp. were all found to be associated with PPROM.Conclusion— There are two distinct bacteriological groupings commonly found in women in PTL, especially in PTL 〈34 weeks gestation. These bacteriological groups are women with bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy and women who demonstrate enteropharyngeal bacteria in the vagina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1991.tb10335.x
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GABAergic neurons comprise a major cell type in rodent visual relay nuclei: an immunocytochemical study of pretectal and accessory optic nuclei (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 61 (1985), S. 194-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: GABAergic neurons ; Accessory optic nuclei ; Pretectal nuclei ; Gerbil ; Rat ; Visual system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been localized in sections of rodent brains (gerbil, rat) using conventional immunocytochemical techniques. Our findings demonstrate that large numbers of GAD-positive neurons and axon terminals (puncta) are present in the visual relay nuclei of the pretectum and the accessory optic system. The areas of highest density of these neurons are in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) of the pretectum, the dorsal and lateral terminal accessory optic nuclei (DTN, LTN), the ventral and dorsal subdivisions of the medial terminal accessory optic nucleus (MTNv, MTNd), and the interstitial nucleus of the posterior fibers of the superior fasciculus (inSFp). The findings indicate that 27% of the NOT neurons are GAD-positive and that these neurons are distributed over all of the NOT except the most superficial portion of the NOT caudally. The GAD-positive neurons of the NOT are statistically smaller (65.9 μm2) than the total population of neurons of the NOT (84.3 [j,m2) but are otherwise indistinguishable in shape from the total neuron population. The other visual relay nuclei that have been analyzed (DTN, LTN, MTNv, MTNd, inSFp) are similar in that from 21% to 31% of their neurons are GAD-positive; these neurons are smaller in diameter and are more spherical than the total populations of neurons. The data further show that a large proportion of the neurons in these visual relay nuclei are contacted by GAD-positive axon terminals. It is estimated that approximately one-half of the neurons of the NOT and the terminal accessory optic nuclei receive a strong GABAergic input and have been called “GAD-recipient neurons”. Further, the morphology of the GAD-positive neurons combined with their similar distribution to the GAD-recipient neurons suggest that many of these neurons are acting as GABAergic, local circuit neurons. On the other hand, the large number of GAD-positive neurons in the NOT and MTN (20–30%) in relation to estimates of projection neurons (75%) presents the possibility that some may in fact be projection neurons. The overall findings provide morphological evidence which supports the general conclusion that GABAergic neurons play a significant role in modulating the output of the visually related NOT and terminal accessory optic nuclei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235635
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...