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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave Absorption and Molecular Structure in Liquids. XIV. The Apparent Critical Wave Lengths of Liquid Long Chain Alcohols1 (1956)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 78 (1956), S. 2035-2038 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01591a003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave Absorption and Molecular Structure in Liquids. VII. Effects of Viscosity and Dipole—Dipole Forces1 (1952)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 74 (1952), S. 644-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01123a018
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave Absorption and Molecular Structure in Liquids. VIII. Dielectric Relaxation in Some Long-Chain Esters1,2 (1952)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 74 (1952), S. 3541-3545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01134a025
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A distinctive distribution of reactive astroglia in the precentral cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 74 (1987), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Astrocytes ; Motor cortex ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; S-100 protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphological changes in astrocytes have been studied in the primary motor cortex of persons dying with or without amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S-100 protein were used as immunohistochemical markers for reactive astroglia. In 12 brains of individuals without neurological disease glial cells showing moderate immunoreactivity for both GFAP and S-100 protein were uniformly distributed in the primary motor cortex in the upper regions of layer I and layer II. In 8 of 11 ALS cases, intensely immunoreactive cells were additionally found to occur and were scattered irregularly, mostly in layers II and III, but occasionally in layers IV and V. Clusters of these intensely positive cells occurred in patches about 200–400 μm in diameter, each containing about 6 to 〉20 such cells. GFAP-positive astrocytes were seen in some of the 36 brains from persons with neurological problems other than ALS but the pattern was different. The abnormal appearance of clusters of positive astrocytes of the primary motor cortex may be intimately associated with the ALS disease process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688335
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR in neurological disease (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 550-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: HLA-DR ; Reactive microglia ; Macrophages ; Astrocytes ; Neuropathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Reactive microglia or macrophages expressing the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR were detected in many neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Pick's and Huntington's diseases, parkinsonism-dementia of Guam, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Shy-Drager syndrome, multiple sclerosis and AIDS encephalopathy. Reactive astrocytes, also present in these conditions, were established as a population distinct from the HLA-DR positive microglia by double immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and HLA-DR. A distinctive pattern of HLA-DR positive cells was seen in each disease entity. Areas known to contain pathology always stained positively, and, in several cases, reactive microglia appeared in areas that would otherwise not have been suspected of being involved in the pathological process. HLA-DR staining, which outlines the surface membranes of positive cells, was so strong that lesioned areas could frequently be identified in sections with the naked eye. In adjacent sections stained with H&E or sections destained of HLA-DR and then restained with H&E, gliosis was often hard to identify except on close microscopic inspection. The results suggest that HLA-DR staining may be a valuable addition to standard neuropathological methods and might be useful in investigating diseases where pathology has not yet been identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689592
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of insulin receptor immunoreactivity from the substantia nigra pars compacta neurons in Parkinson's disease (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 87 (1994), S. 343-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Substantia nigra ; Insulin receptor ; Immunochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunohistochemistry using both a newly developed polyclonal, and a commercially available monoclonal, anti-insulin receptor antibody was done on the midbrain from cases of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, vascular parkinsonism and non-neurological controls. Both antibodies gave indentical patterns of neuronal staining. The neurons of the oculomotor nucleus were immunopositive in all the brains. However, the neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra, paranigral nucleus, parabrachial pigmental nucleus, tegmental pedunculopontine nucleus, supratrocheal nucleus, cuneiform nucleus, subcuneiform nucleus and lemniscus medialis, which were positive in other diseases and in non-neurological controls, were not stained by these antibodies in PD brains. These results suggest that, in PD, a dysfunction of the insulin/insulin receptor system may precede death of the dopaminergic neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313602
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of diffuse amyloid deposits in the presubicular parvopyramidal layer in Alzheimer's disease (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 537-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Diffuse amyloid deposits ; Alzheimer's ; Presubiculum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Silver staining by a modified Bielschowsky's technique and immunostaining for β-amyloid protein BAP have revealed the occurrence of diffuse amyloid deposits bilaterally in the presubiculum in each of fourteen Alzheimer's disease cases examined. Observations on serial blocks show these deposits to be localized in the parvopyramidal layer of the presubiculum proper and the transsubiculum. They are also observed in the cellular islands within the molecular layer of the subiculum but not in the parasubiculum. These amyloid deposits are not accompanied by neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads, or the aggregated microglial reaction which is characteristically associated with classic senile plaques. Convergence of input from limbic and cortical areas might play a significant role in the formation of these diffuse amyloid deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296114
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease are recognized by antibodies to complement proteins (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 100-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Complement ; Lewy bodies ; Oligodendrocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The substantia nigra (SN) in 11 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 5 neurologically normal controls was examined immunohistochemically using antibodies to various proteins of the complement system. In PD, but not in control SN, intra-and extraneuronal Lewy bodies and dendritic spheroid bodies were stained with anti-human C3d, C4d, C7 and C9 antibodies, but not with antibodies to C1q, fraction Bb of factor B or properdin. Axonal spheroid bodies in the nigrostriatal tract were not stained by any of the complement antibodies. However, complement-activated oligodendroglia were revealed by anti-C3d and anti-C4d antibodies in the PD substantia nigral area. These data indicate that some pathological structures in PD activate the classical complement pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427222
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vimentin immunoreactivity in normal and pathological human brain tissue (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Vimentin ; Astrocyte ; Microglia ; Macrophage ; Alzheimer's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Vimentin immunoreactivity was examined in brain tissues from non-neurological and various human central nervous system disease cases. In all brain tissues examined, vimentin immunoreactivity was intensely positive in ependymal cells and subpial tissues, and weakly positive in some capillaries and some white matter astrocytes. In affected areas of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS) and cerebral infarction cases, numerous intensely vimentin-immunopositive astrocytes of both protoplasmic and fibrous morphology were demonstrated. A few such astrocytes were also observed in Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. ALS, MS and infarction brains also had numerous, strongly vimentin-positive, round and fat-laden microglia/macrophages. In AD and ALS, a few reactive microglia with irregularly enlarged shapes were vimentin positive. In AD, they were almost exclusively related to senile plaques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311389
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Columnar arragement of β-amyloid protein deposits in the cerebral cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 400-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease ; Cerebral cortex ; β-amyloid protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The spatial pattern of β-amyloid protein (BAP) deposits in Alzheimer's disease cerebral cortex was investigated. In cortical areas where the accumulation of BAP was relatively sparse, the deposits tended to accumulate vertically in a columnar arrangement. Typically, these aggregates consisted of both consolidated and diffuse deposits approximately 200 to 600 μm in width. Blood vessels running perpendicularly to the pial surface were sometimes observed penetrating the center of these colunms, but this was not a consistent finding. These BAP extracellular aggregates might be related to the columnar organization of the cerebral cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334451
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