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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary cutaneous carcinosarcoma arising in a patient with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities and neoplasms including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and sarcomas (i.e. leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma). Primary cutaneous carcinosarcoma (PCC), a rare tumor composed of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components, has never been previously described in association with this syndrome.Case report:  A 61-year-old Hispanic man with a history of NBCC presented with a 4 cm nodule on the right proximal medial thigh.Pathologic findings:  Areas of typical BCC merged with intersecting fascicles of large atypical spindle cells that stained for vimentin and were negative for actin, desmin, CD-34, and S-100 protein. Scattered bizarre solitary cytokeratin-positive epithelioid cells were embedded within the fibrocytic proliferation.Conclusions:  Several carcinosarcomas have been reported to contain BCC as the malignant epithelial component, but to our knowledge, this is the first report of PCC associated with NBCC. Mutation in patched tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9q occurs in BCCs of NBCC, and aberrancies on chromosome 9q are also reported in some carcinosarcomas. It is possible that the known genetic defect on chromosome 9 in this patient contributed to the development of carcinosarcoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00384.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CD56 staining in Merkel cell carcinoma and natural killer-cell lymphoma: magic bullet, diagnostic pitfall, or both? (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Antibodies to CD56 label natural killer (NK) cell lymphomas and neuroendocrine tumors such as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). In MCC altered by crush artifact or obscured by lymphocytes, the histologic features coupled with CD56 positivity can lead to an erroneous impression of NK-cell lymphoma.Methods:  Eighteen cases of MCC were stained for CD56, CK20, MNF116, and pankeratin. The results were compared to histologic features and CD56 staining pattern of three NK-cell lymphomas.Results:  Three of 18 cases of MCC histologically resembled lymphoma, and CD56 positivity with CD3 and CD20 negativity initially raised the possibility of NK-cell lymphoma. Two additional cases were obscured by dense inflammation, again suggesting the diagnosis of lymphoma. Seventeen of 18 MCC labeled for CD56 and an equal number stained for CK20. All MCC tested were positive for CAM5.2 (14/14) and MNF116 (17/17). Antibodies to pankeratin labeled only one of 18 MCC. Staining for CD56 was stronger in MCC than NK-cell lymphomas.Conclusions:  CD56 is a sensitive marker for MCC as well as for NK-cell lymphoma, but is not specific. Importantly, CD56 positivity in crushed or inflamed biopsies of MCC may lead to an erroneous impression of NK lymphoma. Awareness of this potential pitfall will prevent misdiagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00378.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular digital fibromas: distinctive CD34-positive lesions that may mimic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Digital fibromas are common benign acral tumors typically reported as angiofibromas (AFs) or acquired digital fibrokeratomas (ADFs). Cellular variants are not well recognized.Methods:  We collected 14 acral fibrocytic lesions showing a spindle cell morphology from our files, and evaluated CD34, Factor XIIIa, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and S100 protein staining of these lesions. We compared the histologic and immunohistochemical features of these cellular fibromas with five digital AFs, five ADFs, and five digital dermatofibromas.Results:  The 14 cellular digital fibromas showed intersecting fascicles of thin delicate bland spindle cells in the superficial reticular dermis with a fibrotic-to-slight myxoid stroma. The spindle cells in all cases stained strongly for CD34, and only scattered stromal cells stained for Factor XIIIa. Five tested cases were negative for EMA and S100 protein. The digital AFs, fibrokeratomas, and dermatofibromas stained predominately for Factor XIIIa, with no or minimal staining for CD34.Conclusions:  These findings suggest that a subset of digital fibromas is characterized by a dense cellular proliferation of CD34-positive spindle cells. Awareness of this variant of digital fibroma and its staining pattern is critical in preventing misdiagnosis as dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, particularly in superficial biopsies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.00358.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and localization of thymidine phosphorylase/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor in skin and cutaneous tumors (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thymidine phosphorylase/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (TPase/PD-ECGF) is a catabolic enzyme that has been shown to be chemotactic for endothelial cells in vitro and angiogenic in vivo. TPase/PD-ECGF expression is increased in a variety of tumors. In the skin, TPase is active in normal keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo. Our objective was to study the expression and localization of TPase/PD-ECGF by immunohistochemical analysis in normal skin and cutaneous tumors and to correlate this information with enzymatic activity of TPase. TPase/PD-ECGF expression was observed in keratinocytes with intense staining of the infundibulum of hair follicles but no staining of hair bulbs. Expression localized primarily to the nucleus of keratinocytes in the basal layer but was more intense and cytoplasmic in suprabasal keratinocytes. Increased expression of TPase/PD-ECGF in differentiated cells was confirmed by in vitro studies of TPase activity. In cutaneous tumors, there was positive staining for TPase/PD-ECGF in squamous cell carcinomas (10/10), eccrine poromas (3/4), eccrine syringomas (4/4), trichoepitheliomas (1/3), and tumors of the follicular infundibulum (2/3) and melanomas (5/8). There was no staining of any intradermal nevi (0/2), basal cell carcinomas (0/10) or Merkel cell carcinoma (0/1). We conclude TPase/PD-ECGF is found throughout the epidermis and its expression increases with differentiation of keratinocytes. In cutaneous tumors, expression of TPase/PD-ECGF may be linked to the cell of origin of the tumor as well as the tumor's degree of differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1999.tb01846.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histologic features of melanocytic nevi seen in association with mycosis fungoides (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Many different tumors have been reported to occur simultaneously as collision lesions. To date, no such events have been reported between mycosis fungoides (MFs) and melanocytic neoplasms.Methods:  Two cases are presented in which patches of MF were superimposed on melanocytic nevi. In addition, 967 biopsies of MF from 411 patients were identified in an 8-year retrospective database search. Patient pathology history summaries were reviewed to identify inflamed nevi, atypical nevi, and melanoma submitted for histologic evaluation from this population.Results:  The occurrence of MF in a congenital nevus was associated with a halo phenomenon restricted to the affected region of the nevus in one patient. In the other patient, nests of two morphologies (lymphocytic and melanocytic) in the same biopsy presented a potentially confusing histologic picture. No other cases of MF superimposed on a nevus were identified in 967 biopsies from 411 patients with a histological diagnosis of MF seen over the past 8 years. In this population, 57 biopsies of melanocytic lesions were identified from 28 patients, including three atypical nevi and three melanomas.Conclusions:  The presence of MF superimposed on a nevus is rare and may lead to confounding histologic features or the development of a halo nevus phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00127.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical comparison of cutaneous lymphadenoma, trichoblastoma, and basal cell carcinoma: support for classification of lymphadenoma as a variant of trichoblastoma (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cutaneous lymphadenoma is an uncommon basaloid epithelial tumor of uncertain histogenesis, most recently classified as a variant of trichoblastoma. Because characteristic immunohistochemical findings have been reported in trichoblastomas, we evaluated the staining patterns of five cutaneous lymphadenomas and compared the results to those of ten trichoblastomas and ten nodular basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), using antibodies to cytokeratin 20 (CK20), bcl-2, and CD34. In addition, because lymphadenomas contain intraepithelial S100-positive putative Langerhans cells, we compared staining of all tumor groups for S100 protein and CD1a. We also attempted to corroborate recent reports of CD30-positive activated lymphocytes in lymphadenomas. We identified GK20-positive Merkel cells in 3/5 lymphadenomas, 7/10 trichoblastomas, and none of the BCCs. Staining for bcl-2 accentuated the peripheral epithelial layer in all lymphadenomas and in 3/10 trichoblastomas, while the remaining trichoblastomas and all BCCs stained diffusely. There was stromal staining with CD34 in two lymphadenoma, 4 trichoblastomas, and 3 BCCs. All lymphadenomas featured numerous intraepithelial S100-positive cells which were also positive for CD1a in three cases tested. In addition, 8/10 trichoblastomas and 2/10 BCCs contained modest numbers of cells labelling for S100 and CD1a. Two of three lymphadenomas contained rare single cells resembling histiocytes faintly positive For CD30, and similar cells labelled for CD68. We conclude that the similar staining patterns of lymphadenomas and trichoblastomas support the classification of lymphadenoma as a variant of trichoblastoma. Staining with CD34 does not reliably distinguish between these tumors and BCCs. Lymphadenomas, trichoblastomas, and BCCs may all contain Langerhans’cells. The relationship between these cells and the striking lymphoid infiltrates seen in lymphadenomas is not clear. In our cases, the CD30-positive cells in lymphadenomas appear to represent histiocytes rather than activated lymphocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1999.tb01815.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A common human skin tumour is caused by activating mutations in β-catenin (1999)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 21 (1999), S. 410-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] WNT signalling orchestrates a number of developmental programs. In response to this stimulus, cytoplasmic β-catenin (encoded by CTNNB1 ) is stabilized, enabling downstream transcriptional activation by members of the LEF/TCF family. One of the target genes for β-catenin/TCF encodes ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/7747
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blockade of CD2-LFA-3 interactions protects human skin allografts in immunodeficient mouse/human chimeras (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 15 (1996), S. 759-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] A human skin allograft injury model in immunodeficient mice, engrafted with human peripheral blood mononuolear cells from a different donor, has been used to test whether reagents that block human T cell CD2 Interactions with its principal ligand, LFA-3 (CD58), can inhibit immune reactions in vivo. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0897-759
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