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  • 1
    ISSN: 0885-4505
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: thin films ; transparent conductors ; Sb-doped tin oxide ; optical properties ; electrical properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The structural, electrical and optical properties of single sol-gel derived antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) films sintered at 550°C have been measured. The reproducibility of both the preparation and the characterization procedures have been tested by a round-robin test involving eight laboratories within a Concerted European Action (CEA) project. The resistivity measured as a function of Sb content has been obtained by electric and reflectance and transmission measurements. Their differences are discussed in terms of structural and grain boundary effects. An increase of Sb content results in a decrease of the crystallite size (7.0 to 5.4 nm) and a greater influence of the grain boundary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 8 (1997), S. 1017-1021 
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: optical waveguides ; quantum dots ; CdS ; PbS ; optics ; non linear
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thin silica and silica-titania films containing CdS and PbS quantum size particles were obtained by separate preparation of the matrix and the colloidal sols and successive mixing. Sulfide particles were obtained by reaction of metal acetates with thioacetamide and control of particle size was achieved by surface capping agents. Powders and thin films deposited on soda-lime slides were prepared and characterized by XRD. Absorption spectra were recorded on films. The nonlinear refractive index was measured by anm-line technique on a CdS-doped sample. The nonlinear effect was found to be reversible and an 2 value of −3 10−9 cm2/kW was measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 8 (1997), S. 1017-1021 
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: optical waveguides ; quantum dots ; CdS ; PbS ; optics: non linear
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thin silica and silica-titania films containing CdS and PbS quantum size particles were obtained by separate preparation of the matrix and the colloidal sols and successive mixing. Sulfide particles were obtained by reaction of metal acetates with thioacetamide and control of particle size was achieved by surface capping agents. Powders and thin films deposited on soda-lime slides were prepared and characterized by XRD. Absorption spectra were recorded on films. The nonlinear refractive index was measured by an m-line technique on a CdS-doped sample. The nonlinear effect was found to be reversible and a n 2 value of -3 10-9 cm2/kW was measured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 14 (1993), S. 69-76 
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Inflammatory myopathies ; polymyositis ; dermatomyositis ; therapy ; immunohistochemistry ; MHC-molecules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario È stata condotta una valutazione comparativa di tipo clinico, immunopatologico e terapeutico di 17 pazienti affetti da Polimiosite (PM) e 12 affetti da Dermatomiosite (DM), seguiti presso il nostro Centro. Nello studio di queste miopatie infiammatorie è stato utilizzato un criterio diagnostico multifattoriale clinico-bioumorale con diversi parametri immunologici ed immunoistopatologico sulla biopsia, valutando la risposta terapeutica durante un follow-up longitudinale con uno score clinico-funzionale composito. La DM può essere distinta dai segni clinici e dalle anomalie patologiche; si ritiene attualmente che essa sia il risultato di una vasculopatia. Sulle biopsie muscolari sono stati caratterizzati con anticorpi monoclonali, le sottopopolazioni di linfociti T (CD4, CD8), i macrofagi, IgG, IgM, le frazioni C1q, C3, C4 del Complemento, gli antigeni di istocompatibilità MHC-I ed MHC-II. Nelle PM l'immunità cellulo mediata era più pronunciata ed in alcuni casi, l'espressione di MHC-I ed MHC-II era osservabile anche sulla superficie ed all'interno di fibre muscolari. I pazienti sono stati trattati, con steroidi e nei casi non responsivi, con aggiunta di azatioprina, ciclofosfamide, plasmaferesi, alte dosi di immunoglobuline endovena ed irradiazione “total body”.
    Notes: Abstract We made a comparative clinical, immunopathological and therapeutic evaluation in 17 patients with polymyositis (PM) and 12 patients with dermatomyositis (DM), followed up at our Neuromuscular Center. DM can be distinguished by its clinical appearance and pathological changes. Current evidence suggests that it results from vasculopathy. For studying these inflammatory myopathies we used multifactorial diagnostic criteria, evaluating the therapeutic response by means of a composite clinical and functional score in a longitudinal study. In muscle biopsy specimens we characterized with monoclonal antibodies T lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4, CD8), macrophages, IgG, IgM, C1q, C3, C4 complement fractions, MHC-I, MHC-II. In PM the cell-mediated immunity was more pronounced and in sowithin muscle fibers. Our patients were treated with steroids; in resistant cases azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, plasmapheresis, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (ivIgG) and total body irradiation were added to the therapeutic schedule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Gonadotropins ; Testosterone ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Androstenedione ; Hypogonadism ; Male ; Myotonic dystrophy ; Impotence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Allo scopo di studiare in maniera completa l'ipogonadismo ipergonadotropo maschile nella distrofia miotonica e di valutarne le eventuali conseguenze sull'atrofia muscolare e sulla sessualità, sono stati determinati con metodo RIA o IRMA in 29 pazienti affetti da distrofia miotonica e in 34 soggetti sani: LH, FSH, prolattina, testosterone totale (T) e libero (FT), estradiolo (E), diidrotestosterone (DHT), SHBG, androstenedione (A), 17-OH-Progesterone. Le medie ± deviazione standard di questi ormoni sono risultati: LH=8.0±4.4 mIU/ml, FSH=17.4±11.5 mIU/ml, A=2.0±1.3 ng/ml, tutti più elevati dei controlli. T=406±290 ng/dl; FT=22.7±7.0 pg/ml, DHT 55.5±29.7 ng/dl tutti più bassi dei controlli. Il riscontro di bassi valori di FT e DHT, non studiati prima d'ora in questi soggetti, conferma e rende più evidente il deficit androgenico. L'elevato livello di A con T basso dimostra un deficit dell'enzima 17-deidrogenasi. La durata della malattia correla significativamente sia con il tasso di T (r−0.56) che di FT (r−0.59) e quindi l'ipogonadismo tende ad aggravarsi progressivamente. Dividendo i nostri pazienti in tre gruppi (A, B, C) in base alla gravità del danno muscolare i livelli di LH e FSH erano più elevati (rispettivamente 9.3±4.7 and 20.6±12.3 mIU/ml vs 4.8±0.9 and 8.4±3.8, p〈0.03) e T più basso (rispettivamente 337.3±263.4 ng/dl vs 649.7±320.3, p〈0.03) nelle forme più gravi (gruppo A). Tuttavia tra i tre gruppi non sono state riscontrate variazioni del FT e quindi è poco probabile una influenza dell'ipogonadismo sulla atrofia muscolare. Circa il 25% dei pazienti lamentava impotenza sessuale. Questi soggetti avevano livelli di FSH e LH più elevati (p〈0.001) e di testosterone libero più bassi (p〈0.03) rispetto a chi aveva normale sessualità. Tuttavia l'ipogonadismo potrebbe non essere la sola causa dell'impotenza. Gli impotenti appartenevano tutti al gruppo C ed avevano una espansione della tripletta CTG molto alta. È possibile che anche l'ipogonadismo e il deficit sessuale siano legati ad alterazioni di tessuto muscolare: le cellule miodi peritubulari del testicolo e la muscolatura liscia dei corpi cavernosi.
    Notes: Abstract In order to study male hypergonadotropic hypogonadism as completely as possible, and to evaluate its possible effects on muscle atrophy and sexuality, RIA or IRMA methods were used to measure the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, total (T) and free (FT) testosterone, estradiol (E), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), androstenedione (A) and 17-OH-progesterone (17-OH-P) in 29 patients with myotonic dystrophy (MD). The mean hormonal levels ±SD were: LH 8.0±4.4 mIU/ml, FSH 17.4±11.5 mIU/ml, A 200±130 ng/dl (all higher than in controls); T 406±290 ng/dl, FT 22.7±7.0 pg/ml, DHT 55.5±29.7 ng/ml (all lower than in controls). The low FT and DHT levels (never previously studied in MD) confirm the androgenic deficiency. The high androstenedione levels and low testosterone concentrations suggest defective enzyme 17-dehydrogenase. The duration of the disease correlated with both testosterone (r=−0.56) and FT levels (r=−0.59), showing that hypogonadism tends to worsen progressively. When the patients were divided into three groups on the basis of the severity of muscle involvement (A, B and C), LH and FSH levels were higher in group C (more severe disease) than in group A, respectively 9.3±4.7 and 20.6±12.3 mIU/ml versus 4.8±0.9 and 8.4±3.8, p〈0.03; T levels were lower in group C than in group A, 337.3±263.4 ng/dl versus 649.7±320.3 (p〈0.03); however, there was no significant difference in the FT levels of the three groups, which may imply that hypogonadism is unlikely to have a direct effect on muscle atrophy. About 25% of our patients were impotent; these subjects had higher LH and FSH (p〈0.001) and lower FT levels than the patients who were not impotent (p〈0.03). However, hypogonadism may not be the only cause of impotence as all of the impotent patients belonged to group C and had a very high (CTG)n triplet expansion. We hypothesise that hypogonadism and sexual impairment could be partially due to a muscle cell alteration: i.e. a dysfunction of both the testicular peritubular myoid cells and of the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Myotonic dystrophy ; Pharyngoesophageal motility ; Videofluoroscopy ; CTG expansion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alteration of the pharyngoesophageal musculature is a common finding in patients with myotonic dystrophy (MD), regardless of the presence of dysphagia. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a specific pattern of swallowing abnormalities could be identified in MD patients, and the possible correlation with the size of CTG repeats. Fifteen MD patients, 8 of whom were asymptomatic for dysphagia, underwent a videofluoroscopic study of swallowing. Alterations of the pharyngoesophageal phase of swallowing were detected in 12 of 15 patients, 6 without clinical evidence of dysphagia. Incomplete relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and esophageal hypotonia were the most common alterations. We found a significant correlation between the number of radiological alterations and the size of CTG repeats. A typical radiological pattern of swallowing has also been identified. The role of videofluoroscopy in evaluation of MD patients is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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