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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Propranolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics after single doses and at steady-state (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 315-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics ; beta-blockade ; sustained-release propranolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The duration and extent of cardiac beta-blockade and their relationship to propranolol pharmacokinetics were assessed in nine healthy volunteers. Each subject received 160 mg of regular propranolol (R), 160 mg of sustained-release propranolol (SR) and no drug (control), both as single doses and once daily for 7 days. After single doses and at steady-state, both products caused a decrease in exercise heart rate for at least 24 h, compared to control. The time course of effect was similar to the time course of serum propranolol concentration. The oral clearance of propranolol decreased from single doses to steady-state for both R and SR; however, the difference achieved statistical significance only for R. These changes were reflected in mean accumulation ratios (AUC steady-state 0–24 h/AUC single dose 0-infinity) of 1.49 and 1.68 for R and SR, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data are consistent with a decrease in intrinsic hepatic clearance of propranolol, leading to an increase in bioavailability at steady-state. Despite a two-fold difference in the bioavailability of R and SR, there was no difference in the area under the effect-time curve at steady-state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637569
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of coronary occlusion on transmural distribution of blood flow in the interventricular septum and left ventricular free wall (1988)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 83 (1988), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: myocardialblood flow ; acutecoronary occlusion ; collateralblood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Collateral flow to the interventricular septum in the dog was measured after septal artery ligation (N=8) and compared to that in the left ventricular free wall after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (N=10) in other animals. Flow was quantitated by radiolabelled microsphere injection before, and 90s, 2 h and 4 h after occlusion. Perfusion territory size was measured after colored dye infusion; the septal artery bed occupied 21.74±5.44% of the left ventricle and was significantly smaller than the anterior descending artery zone (40.72±5.44% of the left ventricle and was prior to occlusion was equal in both beds and symmetric across the ventricular wall; endocardial/epicardial and left/right ratios in the anterior descending and septal artery beds were 0.97±0.14 and 1.14±0.17, respectively. 90 s after occlusion, left and right septal and endocardial and epicardial anterior descending flows were significantly (p〈0.05) reduced. Right septal flows exceeded left sided flows to produce a transseptal gradient. However, right septal flow was significantly greater than epicardial anterior bed values, and free wall endocardial/epicardial was significantly lower than septal left/right ratios. By 2 h after occlusion, left and right septal flows were no longer significantly different from preocclusion values, whereas anterior descending flows remained significantly below control for the full 4-h period. Thus, significant differences between the two beds exist, with greater acute collateral flows and more rapid correction of flow deficits in the septum than in the free wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01907356
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myocardial infarction following acute occlusion and reperfusion of the septal coronary artery (1985)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 80 (1985), S. 670-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: coronary reperfusion ; interventricular septum ; myocardial infarction ; septal artery ; triphenyl tetrazolium chloride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It has been demonstrated that temporary occlusion of major epicardial arterics of the dogs produces a nontransmural myocardial infarction (MI) whose size is reduced by early reperfusion. This study was undertaken to determine the location and extent of MI following acute occlusion and reperfusion of the septal artery (SA). The SA was occluded for four hours in group I (7 dogs). Occlusion time for group II (6 dogs) was 2 hours and for group III (6 dogs) was 1 hour, followed by 2 and 3 hours of reperfusion, respectively. The hearts were then removed and cut into transverse slices from base to apex. The triphenyl tetrazolium chloride technique identified the areas of infarction, which were quantitated with a microcomputer-based graphics system. To determine the extent of necrosis across the interventricular septum (IVS), the IVS was divided into 5 transverse segments of equal depth and the amount of MI was determined for each. In group I, MI involved 3.42±0.9% (mean±SEM) of the left ventricle (LV) and 13.49±3.4% of the IVS. In group II, 6.11±1.3% of the LV and 25.00±5.5% of the IVS were infarcted. In group III, 5.63±1.3% of the LV and 31.9±14.3 % of the septum were infarcted. MI was larger on the left side of the IVS than on the right in all groups, and the extent of MI did not differ significantly between the three groups. This study showed that early reperfusion of the SA did not reduce MI as reported for other coronary beds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01907866
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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