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  • 1
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Atmospheric composition and structure (transmission and scattering of radiation) ; Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (radiative process)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Since the discovery of the ozone depletion in Antarctic and the globally declining trend of stratospheric ozone concentration, public and scientific concern has been raised in the last decades. A very important consequence of this fact is the increased broadband and spectral UV radiation in the environment and the biological effects and heath risks that may take place in the near future. The absence of widespread measurements of this radiometric flux has lead to the development and use of alternative estimation procedures such as the parametric approaches. Parametric models compute the radiant energy using available atmospheric parameters. Some parametric models compute the global solar irradiance at surface level by addition of its direct beam and diffuse components. In the present work, we have developed a comparison between two cloudless sky parametrization schemes. Both methods provide an estimation of the solar spectral irradiance that can be integrated spectrally within the limits of interest. For this test we have used data recorded in a radiometric station located at Granada (37.180°N, 3.580°W, 660 m a.m.s.l.), an inland location. The database includes hourly values of the relevant variables covering the years 1994/95. The performance of the models has been tested in relation to their predictive capability of global solar irradiance in the UV range (290/385 nm). After our study, it appears that information concerning the aerosol radiative effects is fundamental in order to obtain a good estimation. The original version of SPCTRAL2 provides estimates of the experimental values with negligible mean bias deviation. This suggests not only the appropriateness of the model but also the convenience of the aerosol features fixed in it to Granada conditions. SMARTS2 model offers increased flexibility concerning the selection of different aerosol models included in the code and provides the best results when the selected models are those considered as urban. Although SMARTS2 provide slightly worse results, both models give estimates of solar ultraviolet irradiance with mean bias deviation below 5%, and root mean square deviation close to experimental errors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 9208-9209 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Raman spectrum of ketene has been recorded for the first time since 1936. The rotational part of this spectrum shows Δkp=2, ΔJ=0 peaks with an intensity nearly four orders of magnitude smaller than that of the usual R/S structure. Computer simulation is used to reproduce the whole rotational spectrum. The observation of these peaks allows a fairly accurate determination of the R20 intensity ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 21 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: HLA-DPB1 allele frequencies in 181 unrelated control individuals and 70 rheumatoid factor-positive RA patients from Seville (Spain) were determined using oligonucleotide typing methods. All frequencies shown concern the percentage of individuals positive for a certain allele. HLA-DPB1*0401 was the most common DPB1 allele in the healthy individuals, possessed by 65.7% of them. In addition to HLA-DPB1 *0401, only the following alleles were found in normal subjects at frequencies greater than 10%: DPB1*0101 (15.5%), DPB1*0201 (12.2%), DPB1*0301 (16.6), and DPB1*0402 (29.3%). When HLA-DPB1 allelic frequencies were compared between seropositive RA patients and controls, a negative association for DPB1*0301 and DPB1*0401 was found in RA patients, although it failed to reach statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons made. The other DPB1 alleles exhibited almost identical frequencies in both groups. However, when only DR4+ patients and controls were considered, the decrease in the frequency of the DPB1*0301 and DPB1*0401 alleles lacked statistical significance. On the other hand, when DR4- RA patients and controls were compared, the frequency of DPB1*0301 was found decreased significantly again, even more than in the whole group of patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 9 (1991), S. 949-952 
    ISSN: 0731-7085
    Keywords: Clomipramine ; drug administration. ; psychiatric disorders ; serotonergic uptake
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy Section 46 (1990), S. 597-601 
    ISSN: 0584-8539
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Chemical Physics Letters 157 (1989), S. 41-45 
    ISSN: 0009-2614
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 8890-8901 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ketene (CH2CO) cooled in a supersonic free jet is photodissociated by a tunable pulsed laser in the energy range from the threshold for production of CH2(a˜ 1A1)(0,0,0)+CO(X˜ 1Σ+) to 2900 cm−1 above. By scanning the 1CH2 probe laser wavelength, the CH2 laser-induced fluorescence spectrum is recorded and the 1CH2 product state distributions determined. The appearance thresholds and yield curves of individual 1CH2 rotational states are obtained by scanning the photolysis laser frequency with a fixed 1CH2 probe laser frequency. The yield curves, or photofragment excitation (PHOFEX) spectra, exhibit sharp steps spaced by the CO rotational term values. PHOFEX yield curves combined with the distribution data demonstrate that the ketene absorption cross section is constant within 10% over the 0–1000 cm−1 range of the PHOFEX spectra. PHOFEX curves up to 200 cm−1 and rotational state distributions for singlet methylene at 50, 100, and 170 cm−1 above its threshold are in good agreement with phase space theory (PST) calculations. The lowest energy methylene rotational states of + and − symmetry are formed in the ratio predicted by phase space theory at all energies. States of mixed singlet/triplet parentage are populated with equal probability for triplet characters ranging from 30% to 70%. For energies greater than 300 cm−1 above the threshold, the 1CH2 rotational distribution is substantially colder than the statistical distribution given by PST. These differences increase with excess energy above the singlet threshold. In this energy range, the dynamics of motion between the transition state and separated product fragments is in neither the adiabatic nor the statistical limit though the data do suggest that motion may well be adiabatic for molecules fragmenting to yield the lowest energy rotational states of ortho methylene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 8902-8906 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ketene (CH2CO) cooled in a supersonic free jet is photodissociated by a tunable pulsed laser in the energy range from 1460 to 2900 cm−1 above the threshold for singlet methylene CH2(a˜ 1A1) production. By scanning the 1CH2 probe laser wavelength, the CH2 laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) excitation spectrum is recorded and the 1CH2(0,1,0), (0,2,0), and (1,0,0) product state rotational distributions determined. As observed previously for the (0,0,0) state, the rotational state distributions of vibrationally excited methylene are in good agreement with phase space theory (PST) for excess energies less than 200 cm−1 above the appearance threshold of each vibrational state probed. For higher excess energies, 1CH2(0,1,0) and (0,2,0) rotational distributions like those for (0,0,0) are substantially colder than the statistical distribution given by PST. The quantum yields of vibrationally excited states are determined at several excess energies above the singlet threshold. These values are larger than predicted by PST and match values predicted by variational Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) theory and by the separate statistical ensembles (SSE) method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 97 (1993), S. 8414-8421 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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