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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bradford : Emerald
    Collection building 20 (2001), S. 73-80 
    ISSN: 0160-4953
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Buch- und Bibliothekswesen, Informationswissenschaft
    Notizen: The cultures and languages of Africa and Asia have had an immense impact on the use of English language there. Awareness of this impact led to a recognition of new, indigenized varieties known collectively as world "Englishes". They display a number of linguistic and pragmatic patterns different from native varieties, and these have been the subject of much scholarly activity over the last 30 years. This selected bibliography attempts to introduce the literature to librarians, other than English, linguistics, or education selectors. Interdisciplinary in nature, the study of world "Englishes" has implications for research in the history, culture, sociology, and politics of these regions. Selectors in these subjects and general reference librarians should therefore know more about world "Englishes" to provide more useful assistance to patrons.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    English today 13 (1997), S. 52-56 
    ISSN: 0266-0784
    Quelle: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Thema: Anglistik, Amerikanistik
    Notizen: A description of the language as used in this West African country and a consideration of its status there
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 509-523 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Gill ; Trout ; Secondary lamellae ; Development ; Light and electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A light and electron microscope study of secondary lamellae of trout developing at 10° C is described. Collagen is secreted by mesenchyme cells in the connective tissue of the developing gill filament. This becomes enclosed in infoldings around the peripheries of mesenchyme cells. These cells become aligned in a single plane within folds of basement membrane and epithelium. The basement membrane of opposite sides of the fold becomes connected by a thick layer of collagen. Blood spaces form around the margin of the fold, connecting afferent and efferent filament blood vessels. Endothelial granules form in cells lining the outer border of the marginal channel when blood flow begins. Rows of pillar cells separate from the proximal layer of mesenchyme cells as the secondary lamellae develops further. New secondary lamellae are added at the filament tips. At 28 days, the basement membrane consists of 2 layers, a fine fibrous layer and 5–15 orthogonally arranged layers of collagen fibres. By 31 days, the collagen is arranged at random and the layer is thinner. A clear layer is also present by 67 days. A multilayered epithelium containing mucous and chloride cells is present at 28 days. By 102 days, the secondary lamellae are covered by 2 layers of epithelial cells only. Chloride cells are present in much greater numbers in developing gills than in the adult.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 142 (1973), S. 147-162 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Gill ; Blood pathways ; Secondary lamellae ; Light and electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A light and electron microscopic study was made of the structure of the gill arch, filament and secondary lamella of Salmo gairdneri R. Blood pathways through the gill were traced from serial histological sections, and from the examination of ink perfused tissue and perspex casts formed following resin injection of the circulatory system. The epithelium covering the gill consists of unspecialized, dark, chloride and mucous cells. The distribution of specialized cells appears to be related to gill function. The basement membrane underlying the epithelium consists of three layers, the inner collagen layer being continuous with the connective tissue core of the gills. Blood supply to the secondary lamellar respiratory surface is via branchial, filament and secondary lamellar arteries. Blood spaces of the secondary lamellae are delimited by pillar cells containing what appears to be contractile material. The marginal channel of each lamella is bounded distally by cells of endothelial origin. A network of lymph spaces within the filaments connects with efferent branchial arteries. Nutritionary capillaries within the filaments connect with afferent branchial arteries. No shunts between afferent and efferent filament arteries were found. Data from this study and previous physiological and histopathological studies suggest a mechanism for the control of blood flow to suit the respiratory requirements of the fish. This mechanism involves a system of recruitment of additional respiratory units and changes in overall blood flow patterns.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 157 (1975), S. 255-272 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Carotid body ; Efferent nerve ; Multiple synapses ; Glomus cells ; Afferent nerve
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The carotid body of the rat consists of “glomera” interspersed by blood vessels and nerve bundles. Each “glomus” consists of 2–12 Type I cells, incompletely invested by 1–3 Type II cells. Type I cells are characterised by the presence of numerous dense cored vesicles in their cytoplasm and may exhibit “synaptic”-like contacts with each other. Small efferent nerve endings make synaptic contact with one or more Type I cells. Large cup-shaped afferent nerve endings make multiple synaptic contacts of two kinds with one or more Type I cells. A second kind of efferent nerve ending is occasionally seen in synaptic contact with one of these afferent nerve endings. A model for the mode of operation of the glomus as a chemoreceptor is proposed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 169 (1976), S. 467-484 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Paraganglia (Rat) ; Type I cells ; Type II cells ; Glomus ; Afferent nerve endings ; Efferent nerve endings
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The abdominal vagal paraganglia of the rat consist of small groups of cells, interspersed by blood vessels and nerve bundles and lying close to, or within, the vagus nerve or its branches. Each cell group consists of 2–10 Type I cells incompletely invested by 1–3 satellite cells. Type I cells are characterised by the presence of numerous dense-cored vesicles in their cytoplasm and may exhibit ‘synaptic’-like contact with each other. Small efferent nerve endings make synaptic contacts with Type I cells. Larger cup-shaped afferent nerve endings also make synaptic contacts of two kinds with Type I cells. Nerve-nerve synapses are often seen within or close to paraganglia. Attention is drawn to the close similarity of fine structure of abdominal vagal paraganglia, carotid body and small intensely fluorescent cells of the superior cervical ganglion in rats. Possible functional implications of this morphological similarity are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 142 (1974), S. 351-363 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Gill development begins on the sixth day of incubation at 10°C and is complete by 31 days (hatching). Gill arches are formed by fusion and perforation of ectoderm and endoderm across the pharyngeal wall. A primary branchial artery forms within each arch and a second branchial artery forms as a branch from its ventral end. A series of filament loop vessels forms connecting the two arteries and when several are patent a unidirectional blood flow is established via afferent (second) branchial artery, filament loop vessels to efferent (primary) branchial artery. Part of the efferent branchial artery just above its junction with the afferent branchial artery constricts and occludes. It is suggested that this change in the pattern of blood flow is dependent on differences in resistance of the two branchial arteries. A later extension of the gill ventrally is thought not to be homologous with similar regions in elasmobranchs and Acipenser.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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