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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of a portable indirect calorimeter (Metavine®) for measuring energy expenditure in an elderly population (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness and reliability of a portable indirect calorimeter (Metavine; Vine, Tokyo, Japan).2. We measured energy expenditure (EE) of elderly people (n = 191) at nursing homes using both Metavine and an authorized indirect calorimeter (Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor; Datex, Helsinki, Finland) and compared them.3. Energy expenditure measured by Metavine® significantly correlated with EE measured by the Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor (P 〈 0.001).4. In particular, Metavine gave almost same results as the Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor, showing an excellent reliability, within the range of EE from 800 to 1500 kcal/day. However EE measured by Metavine below 800 kcal/day or above 1500 kcal/day required correction to agree with EE as measured by the Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor.5. In conclusion, Metavine is a useful portable calorimeter for measuring EE in elderly people when used with sufficient recognition of its characteristics of data acquisition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.29.s4.6.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oral Supplementation with Branched-Chain Amino Acids Improves Survival Rate of Rats with Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Cirrhosis (1998)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 43 (1998), S. 1572-1579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: ALBUMIN ; AMMONIA ; BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACIDS ; CARBON TETRACHLORIDE ; LIVER CIRRHOSIS ; SURVIVAL RATE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated whether supplementation withbranched-chain amino acids (BCAA) improves survival ofrats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-inducedcirrhosis. Liver cirrhosis was induced in 40 maleSprague-Dawley rats by administering CCl4 for 15weeks. Twenty rats each were then assigned to thecontrol and BCAA group and fed a casein diet or aBCAA-supplemented casein diet, respectively, for anadditional 17 weeks with repeated injections of CCl4. Nosignificant difference occurred in either mean energy ornitrogen intake or in body or liver weight between thetwo groups. BCAA-supplementation significantly preserved plasma albumin concentrations (P 〈 0.05) andinhibited significantly the occurrence of ascites andhyperammonemia (P 〈 0.05). The survival rate wassignificantly higher in the BCAA group (P = 0.03), while no significant difference was found inliver histology between the groups. These resultssuggest that BCAA improved survival of rats withCCl4-induced cirrhosis by preventinghypoalbuminemia and hyperammonemia without directly reducing hepatic necrosis andfibrosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018831302578
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Cytokines on the Binding of Leukocytes to Cultured Rat Hepatocytes and on the Expression of ICAM-1 by Hepatocytes (1999)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 44 (1999), S. 796-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: INTERFERON-γ ; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-α ; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE-1 ; LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTIONASSOCIATED ; ANTIGEN-1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adhesions of leukocytes to hepatocytes andsinusoidal endothelial cells mediates the induction andprogression of hepatic injury. However, in contrast toendothelial cells, information regarding the regulation of interactions between leukocytes andhepatocytes is limited. In the present study, weinvestigated the effect of inflammatory mediatorsincluding lipopolysaccharide (LPS), staphylococcalenterotoxin B (SEB), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumornecrosis factor-α (TNF-α), andinterleukin-1β (IL-1β) on the adhesion ofpolymorphonuclear leukocytes or lymphocytes to primarycultured rat hepatocytes, and on the expression of intercellular adhesionmolecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene in hepatocytes. Bothpolymorphonuclear leukocyte and lymphocyte adhesion tohepatocytes were enhanced after exposure of hepatocytes to IFN-γ and TNF-α, but not afterexposure to LPS, SEB or IL-1β. The adhesion inducedby either IFN-γ or TNF-α was inhibited bymonoclonal antibodies against ICAM-1 or lymphocytefunction-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). Nonstimulated hepatocytesexpressed faintly ICAM-1 mRNA, which increased slightlyduring the culture period. ICAM-1 mRNA expression wasup-regulated to a greater extent by incubating hepatocytes with IFN-γ or TNF-α,and peaked after 12 hr of incubation with TNF-αand after 24 hr with IFN-γ. These results indicatethat IFN-γ and TNF-α induce the expressionof ICAM-1 on parenchymal hepatocytes and that theLFA-1-ICAM-1 pathway plays an important role in theinteraction between hepatocytes and neutrophils orlymphocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026682329876
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impaired synthesis of retinol-binding protein and transthyretin in rat liver with bile duct obstruction (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 1038-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: cholestasis ; retinol-binding protein ; transthyretin ; mRNA ; polysome ; protein synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To gain further insight into the protein metabolism in bile duct-obstruction, we examined the synthesis of retinol-binding protein (RBP) and transthyretin (TTR) in rats with common bile duct-ligation. In these rats, liver and plasma levels of RBP and TTR decreased markedly, whereas liver retinoid contents remained unchanged. Although there appeared no decrease in the total amount of RBP or TTR mRNA expressed in the liver, the subcellular distribution of these mRNAs changed from the membrane-bound polysome fraction to the membrane-unbound polysome fraction. This abnormal distribution recovered rapidly after biliary drainage, resulting in the subsequent recovery of the plasma RBP and TTR levels. These observations suggest that cholestasis inhibits the synthesis and secretion of RBP and TTR by disrupting the binding of their mRNAs to membrane-bound polysomes. Plasma levels of RBP and TTR might be sensitive indicators of the recovery of protein synthesis after biliary drainage in patients with obstructive biliary disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02091549
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ursodeoxycholic acid corrects defective natural killer activity by inhibiting prostaglandin E2 production in primary biliary cirrhosis (1996)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 41 (1996), S. 1487-1493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: ursodeoxycholic acid ; primary biliary cirrhosis ; natural killer activity ; immunomodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We evaluated the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on the defective natural killer activity in primary biliary cirrhosis. Administration of ursodeoxycholic acid (600 mg daily) for one month significantly increased natural killer activity in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (P〈0.05). Ursodeoxycholic acid also enhanced thein vitro natural killer activity of lymphocytes from healthy volunteers, while other hydrophobic bile acids depressed it. Furthermore, ursodeoxycholic acid reduced the prostaglandin E2 concentration in culture supernatants of lymphocytes from healthy volunteers to a lower level than that in cultures incubated with chenodeoxycholic acid (P〈0.05) or control cultures (P〈0.01). Ursodeoxycholic acid normalized the defective natural killer activity in primary biliary cirrhosis by reducing the levels of other hydrophobic bile acids and inhibiting prostaglandin E2 production, suggesting that it may be a useful immunomodulating agent for primary biliary cirrhosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02088577
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver with primary sclerosing cholangitis (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of gastroenterology 35 (2000), S. 304-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5922
    Keywords: Key words: inflammatory pseudotumor, liver, primary sclerosing cholangitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the liver is a rare benign variant of hepatic masses, and its exact etiology has not been elucidated. We report a case of IPT associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The patient was a 50-year-old man admitted to our hospital because of jaundice. Abdominal ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography showed multiple dilations of the intrahepatic bile ducts and multiple masses in the liver. On magnetic resonance imaging, the masses were slightly hypointense on T1-weighted images and slightly hyperintense on T2-weighted images. On T1-weighted images after the bolus infusion of Gd chelate, the masses had no contrast enhancement, and they were hypointense in the arterial phase and portal venous phase. However, they were slightly enhanced and became almost isointense relative to the surrounding normal liver parenchyma in the delayed phase. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography demonstrated multiple irregular strictures and dilations of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Angiography demonstrated no abnormal findings, but, interestingly, subsequent dynamic CO2-enhanced US showed a strongly hyperechoic string, indicating that an artery had penetrated through the hypoechoic mass. A US-guided percutaneous needle biopsy revealed that the lesions were morphologically comparable to IPT. After cholangiography and microscopic analysis of the tumor, the final diagnosis was determined to be IPT of the liver with PSC. A number of previous reports have suggested a possible relationship between IPT and PSC, based on pathological findings. This report confirmed, based on clinical findings, that PSC is one of the causes of hepatic IPT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005350050351
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