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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 7 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The occurrence of Giardia cysts in Scottish raw and potable waters was investigated. Giardia cysts were detected in 49% of raw waters, with concentrations of up to 1.05 cysts per litre, and in 19% of final waters, with concentrations of up to 1.67 cysts per litre. In some of the positive water samples the viability of the cysts was assessed by viewing the cyst morphology and inclusion/exclusion of propidium iodide. Viable cysts were detected in a proportion of both raw waters and positive final waters studied. Further investigations at 21 water-treatment plants revealed cysts in 9 (43%) of the raw waters, and in 4 (19%) of the final waters. Cysts were only detected in the final waters of plants in which cysts were also detected in the raw water. These data indicate that viable Giardia cysts may be ingested with potable water in Scotland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 20 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Anacystis nidulans disappeared rapidly from culture in the presence of an unidentified species of Ochromonas. Disappearance was light-independent and could be induced neither by bacteria associated with, nor by soluble products released from the flagellate. Electronmicrographs of mixed cultures revealed numerous A. nidulans cells in various stages of digestion within vacuoles of Ochromonas. Evidently the disappearance of the alga from culture resulted from phagotrophy by the chrysomonad. A 2-stage digestive process is suggested whereby A. nidulans cells are initially sequestered in the posterior “leucosin” vacuole and then undergo the terminal stages of digestion and elimination in smaller, peripheral vacuoles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 24 (1968), S. 480-482 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé L'épithélium de l'intestin deSchistosoma mansoni est un syncyte de structure pareille dans les 2 sexes. Des lamelles hérissent la surface et de nombreuses invaginations basales en fentes rayent l'épithélium de la paroi basale plasmique. On constate l'existence d'une digestion extracellulaire, ainsi que l'évidence morphologique d'une utilisation des gouttes lipides entières et des micropinosyncytes. Des procès cytoplasmiques du parenchyme s'attachent par des complexions jonctionnelles («junctional complexes») à la base de l'épithélium de l'intestin et mettent en connection les 2 systèmes. La localisation de l'activité de la phosphatase acide dans les lamelles de la paroi intestinale est précisée.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 38 (1993), S. 722-729 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: duodenum ; stomach ; ulceration ; lazaroid ; rat ; cysteamine HCl ; ethanol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pretreatment with U74500A (up to 0.65 mg/100 g) failed to affect gastric lesions induced by 100% EtOH gavage in Sprague-Dawley rats. Topical application of U74500A did not reduce lesions induced by 40% EtOH inex vivo gastric chamber preparations. However, pretreatment of rats with U74500A (0.65 g/100 gper os) reduced the incidence and severity of experimental duodenal ulcer induced by cysteamine HCl, and duodenal ulcer induced by cysteamine-HCl plus GABA. These results show U74500A to have powerful and specific antiduodenal ulcer actions. Pharmacologic analysis of organ-bath preparations of the small intestine show this compound to reduce intestinal contractility to applied cholinergic and serotonergic agonists. However, relaxations induced by electrical or nicotinic ganglionic stimulation were unaffected. U74500A itself caused concentrationdependent contractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Cholinesterase konnte histochemisch im Nervensystem adulter Würmer der Art Diclidophora merlangi nachgewiesen werden. Die stärksten Reaktionen zeigten die Cerebralganglien und Commissuren, vorwiegend im ventralen Nervenhauptstrang und im Nervenplexus der Saugnäpfe, des Pharynx und des Cirrus. Cholinergische Komponenten wurden sowohl in den motorischen Nervenfasern der Muskulatur wie im subtegumentalen Nervenplexus nachgewiesen, dessen freie Nervenenden sensorische Funktionen haben dürften. Eine Anzahl solcher Nervenendungen wurden im Tegument gefunden. Die elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen des Teguments deckte eine Struktur auf, die mit einem Cilium besetzt ist, das über die integumentale Oberfläche hinaus geht und der Struktur einer Nervenendung ähnlich ist. Die sensorischen Strukturen treten einzeln auf und haben vermutlich taktile Funktionen.
    Notes: Summary Cholinesterase has been demonstrated histochemically in the nervous system of adult Diclidophora merlangi. Reactivity for the enzyme was strongest in the cerebral ganglia and commissure, main ventral nerve cords, and nerve plexuses of the suckers, pharynx and cirrus organ. Cholinergic components were found both in motor fibres innervating muscular tissue and in subtegumental nerve plexuses whose free endings may have a sensory function. A number of such endings were found in the tegument. Electron microscopic examination of the tegument revealed a sensory structure composed of a cilium which extends beyond the tegumental surface from a structure resembling a nerve terminal. The sensory structures occur singly and are believed to have a tactile function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 25 (1980), S. 513-525 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous studies by us indicated that ethanol in concentrations of 2.0–4.8% produced subepithelial blebs in the jejunum of the hamster. In the rat, due to rupture of the blebs, there was denudation of the villus tip epithelium. There are no similar data on humans. Ethanol, in quantities equivalent to 4.8–6.4 ounces of 80 proof whiskey (diluted to 20% w/v), was infused into stomachs of 20 normal human volunteers. Subjects were divided into groups (Gr) according to the amount or type of alcohol given, and the site of biopsies (SB). Gr 1∶60 g ethanol, SB=jejunum. Gr 2∶45 g ethanol, SB=jejunum. Gr 3∶45 g ethanol, SB=duodenum. Gr 4∶45 g ethanol as 4.8 oz 80 proof whiskey, SB=duodenum. To compare the morphology in the absence and presence of ethanol, biopsies were obtained from each volunteer before ethanol administration (control period). immediately after peak ethanol concentration in the duodenum or jejunum (ethanol period), and when intraluminal ethanol concentration fell towards zero (recovery period). The mean peak intraluminal ethanol concentrations in the four groups varied between 5.69% and 9.37% (w/v). Ethanol-induced damage was evaluated using strict preset criteria. Coded slides were evaluated by two observers. Suction biopsy damaged 18% of the villi even in biopsies obtained during the control period. Ethanol produced a statistically significant increase in the number of damaged villi (mean of all groups 45%, range∶32% in Gr 2 to 62% in Gr 3). During the recovery period the number of damaged villi fell to that seen in control period biopsies. Ethanol, in quantities equivalent to those ingested during moderate drinking, may produce transient damage to the upper small intestine of man. Conversely, ethanol may simply increase the susceptibility of the mucosa to the unavoidable trauma of suction biopsy. However, the histological and ultrastructural changes were similar to those induced by ethanol in small laboratory animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 196 (1979), S. 449-454 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gastric epithelium (Rat) ; Phagocytosis ; Cell loss ; Aspirin ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gastric surface epithelial cells (SEC) from fed rats, from rats fasted for 16 h and from mucosae exposed in an ex-vivo chamber to 16 mM aspirin for 5 min were examined by transmission electron microscopy. SEC have the capability to phagocytose adjacent epithelial cells and parietal cells. Phagocytosis is rare in mucosae from fasted animals but common in fed animals or after brief exposure to aspirin. Phagocytic capabilities are not restricted to the progenitor zone but exist throughout the surface epithelium. Phagocytosis may provide a mechanism for the removal of damaged or senescent cells from the surface epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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