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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Anisotropy ; Glutamic acid ; Membrane fluidity ; Brevibacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The bacterial secretion of glutamate was studied through plasma membrane fluidity, measured by anisotropy using the fluorophore TMA-DPH incorporated in the lipid part of the cell membrane. Cells of Brevibacterium sp. ATCC 13869 (wild type) were switched from the biotin-limited, producing state to the biotin-supplemented, non-producing state, and back. The following conclusions could be drawn: 1. It was not possible to detect any change in anisotropy by switching the cells from biotin-limited biotin-supplemented, as well as from biotin-supplemented, to biotin-limited, media. 2. The anisotropy value in the glutamic acid fermentation remains constant during the lag, exponential, growth, production and stationary phases. 3. The treatment of cells with a neutral synthetic polyester of ethylene-and propyleneoxide with soya oil-fatty acids increased the anisotropy values, indicating incorporation of the surfactant. 4. Glutamate secretion is not coupled with membrane fluidity, so a leak providing a general fluidization of the membrane could not be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 12 (1994), S. 544-544 
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Biotechnology, as it is used now, may be clean technology—but it is not really clean enough. Better than bad is not good. Biotechnology only scratches the surface of the environmental problems that we now face. This is partly because it is only patchily applied—usually in situations in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 4 (1982), S. 281-286 
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary In this paper an alternative to the stirred tank type of bioreactors is presented, which is characterized by a low ratio of liquid-to-gas-volume. In different constructions high interfacial areas are created by thin layers of liquid at low degree of “hinterland” in the liquid phase. The physical characteristics like fluid dynamics, OTR, mixing and the degree of hinterland are discussed together with some applications to bioprocessing. In conclusion, the interesting features of thin-layer-bioreactors for proper process kinetic analysis are recognized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 4 (1982), S. 73-78 
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Bioprocessing for successful industrial application on the technical scale needs a clearly-defined and well-developed research methodology. This paper intends to contribute to such activity by developing a ‘paradigm’ from an integrating mode of thinking and working applied to the interdisciplinary field of biotechnology. Bioprocesses are considered as an interactive combination of metabolic mechanisms in the cells and physical transport mechanisms in the bioreactor. The basis for a systematic approach in analysis and design is to quantify and simplify the bioprocesses through kinetic and balance equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 23-34 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This new pseudo-homogeneous model describes the absorption rate in the presence of dispersed second liquid phase or solid catalyst particles. In contrast to previous models, it considers the diffusion process and chemical reaction inside the dispersed phase. The absorption rate is defined in the case of first- and zero-order reactions for both continuous and dispersed phases. The concentration of particles from the bulk phase to the gas-liquid boundary layer replaces the initial concentration to the balance equation for the liquid boundary layer at the gas-liquid interface. For mass transport in the bulk phase, steady-state film theory, while in the gas-liquid boundary layer, unsteady-state film-penetration theory is applied. The effect of mass-transfer and reaction kinetic parameters, as well as the particle size on the absorption rate, is described as well as the simulated data verified by previous experimental studies.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 45 (1973), S. 1313-1317 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Der O2-Eintrag in einem Rohrreaktor mit Drehwalze wurde mittels der Sulfit-Oxidation experimentell gemessen und einer theoretischen Analyse unterzogen. Durch Berechnung der Filmdicke und des Geschwindigkeitsprofiles der Strömung der Flüssigkeit auf der Walze wird nachgewiesen, daß im untersuchten Fall die Oberflächenerneuerungstheorie zur Beschreibung des Problemes herangezogen werden kann. Die Größe der Oberflächenerneuerungsgeschwindigkeit läßt sich über die Kontaktzeit aus der Geometrie des Reaktors berechnen. Dadurch ist im untersuchten Reaktor mit konstanter Austauschoberfläche der Einfluß der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Sulfit-Oxidation auf die O2-Transportgeschwindigkeit quantitativ erfaßbar. Der untersuchte Reaktor eignet sich als Modellreaktor für Untersuchungen des Mechanismus des Gas/Flüssigkeits-Stofftransportes.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 13 (1993), S. 299-301 
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Mischverhalten ; Verweilzeitverteilung ; Rohrreaktor mit Rückführung ; kontinuierliche Fermentation ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: gerührter Rohrfermenter mit Rückführung ; Verweilzeitverteilungsverhalten ; Mischverhalten ; mathematische Formulierung der Gesamtimpulsfunktion ; Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dünnschichtreaktoren sind Kontaktapparate für Gas und Flüssigkeit, die auch zur Durchführung der 3-Phasen-Reaktionen biotechnologischer Prozesse geeignet sind, wobei die feste Phase der Biokatalysatoren entweder als Flocken quasihomogen in der Flüssigkeit verteilt (Flocken-Bioreaktoren) oder in Form eines Filmes („Rasen“) angeordnet ist (Film-Bioreaktoren). Neben der Anwendung geometrisch definierter, durch die Bauart vorgegebener Austauschoberflächen sowohl für die Gas/Flüssigkeits-Grenzfläche als auch für die Flüssig/fest-Grenzfläche (eigentliche Dünnschichtreaktoren) für den Stoffaustausch, ist die hochturbulente Durchmischung der Reaktionsphasen durch besondere konstruktive Merkmale der Mischvorrichtung möglich. Diese Varianten der Prozeßführung können beim Arbeiten mit biologischen Flocken als sog. „Schaum-Reaktoren“ und mit biologischen Filmen bzw. Pellets als sog. „Wirbelschicht-Reaktoren“ bezeichnet werden, bleiben aber durch die dünnschichtige Zerteilung der flüssigen Phase charakterisiert. Allen Dünnschichtreaktoren gemeinsam ist der im Vergleich zu den konventionellen Rührkesselreaktoren hohe Volumenausnutzungsgrad, d. h. geringes „Hinterland“ bei großen Oberflächen. Es wird ein Überblick über die verschiedenen Bauarten von Dünnschichtbioreaktoren gegeben und, soweit bekannt, ihre reaktionstechnischen Eigenschaften, z. B. O2-Eintrag, Verweilzeit- und Mischverhalten, und Umsatz für biotechnologische Prozesse, charakterisiert.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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