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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The association between admission for poisoning with paracetamol or other weak analgesics and subsequent admission for psychiatric disorder: a Danish nationwide case–control study (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Many cases of paracetamol poisoning are with suicidal intent, but the association between paracetamol poisoning and subsequent psychiatric disorder is unknown.Aim : To examine the association between poisoning with paracetamol or other weak analgesics and subsequent psychiatric disorder.Methods : The study was set in a nested case–control design and based on nationwide Danish registers. We identified all patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, affective disorder or eating disorder in 1994–1998 and matched population controls. We estimated the relative risk of these psychiatric disorders after admission for paracetamol or nonparacetamol poisoning, adjusting for income, employment and marital status.Results : We included 12 603 cases with psychiatric disorder, and 1.2% had a diagnosis of poisoning compared with 0.2% of the 252 060 matched population controls. Compared with those with no diagnoses of weak analgesic poisoning, the risk of schizophrenia increased 3.9-fold after paracetamol poisoning, and 2.0-fold after nonparacetamol poisoning. The risk of affective disorder increased 12.2-fold after paracetamol poisoning and 2.6-fold after nonparacetamol poisoning. The risk of eating disorder increased 5.0-fold after paracetamol poisoning, and 2.2-fold after nonparacetamol poisoning. The risk of a diagnosis of psychiatric disorder was very high immediately after poisoning and remained increased for more than 10 years.Conclusions : Paracetamol poisoning is a strong risk marker for psychiatric disorder, particularly affective disorders.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02638.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Azathioprine, mercaptopurine and birth outcome: a population-based cohort study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Data on the safety of azathioprine and mercaptopurine during pregnancy are very sparse.Aim : To examine the risk of adverse birth outcomes in women who took up prescriptions for azathioprine or mercaptopurine during pregnancy.Methods : This is a Danish cohort study based on data from a population-based prescription registry, the Danish Birth Registry and the Hospital Discharge Registry. To examine the risk of congenital malformations, we included nine pregnancies exposed 30 days before conception or during the first trimester. To examine perinatal mortality, pre-term birth and low birth weight, we included 10 pregnancies exposed during the entire pregnancy. Eleven different exposed women were included in the study. Outcomes were compared with those of 19 418 pregnancies in which no drugs were prescribed to the mothers.Results : Fifty-five per cent of the exposed women had inflammatory bowel disease and 45% other diseases. Adjusted odds ratios for congenital malformations, perinatal mortality, pre-term birth and low birth weight were 6.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.4–32.4), 20.0 (2.5–161.4), 6.6 (1.7–25.9) and 3.8 (0.4–33.3), respectively.Conclusions : Our results suggest that there is an increased risk of congenital malformations, perinatal mortality and pre-term birth in children born to women treated with azathioprine or mercaptopurine during pregnancy. More data are needed to determine whether the associations are causal or occur through confounding.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01537.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    COX-2-selective inhibitors and the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients with previous gastrointestinal diseases: a population-based case–control study (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Clinical trials have suggested that cyclo-oxygenase-2-selective inhibitors are associated with a lower risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding than are non-selective, non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This has not yet been confirmed in studies of patients with an increased susceptibility to upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Aim : To examine the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients who filled prescriptions for cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Methods : A population-based case–control study was performed in the Danish county of North Jutland from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2002. From the County Hospital Discharge Registry and the Civil Registration System, we identified incident cases with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 780) and randomly selected controls (n = 2906), respectively. All cases and controls had previous gastrointestinal diseases. Data on drug exposure were obtained from the countywide Prescription Database.Results : Thirty-five cases (4.5%) filled prescriptionss for cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors within 30 days of the date of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, compared with 79 controls (2.7%). Adjusted odds ratios for upper gastrointestinal bleeding according to prescription for celecoxib, rofecoxib and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were 1.3 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.7–2.8], 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2–3.5) and 3.3 (95% CI, 2.4–4.4), respectively.Conclusions : In patients with increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal adverse events, a lower risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was observed in users of cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors compared with users of other non-aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01913.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The risk of congenital abnormalities in children fathered by men treated with azathioprine or mercaptopurine before conception (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background : Immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine and mercaptopurine is commonly used in patients with various chronic diseases. The few existing data on the reproductive safety of these drugs after paternal use before conception are inconclusive.Aim : To examine the risk of congenital abnormalities in children fathered by men exposed to azathioprine or mercaptopurine before conception.Methods : This was a Danish population-based cohort study, based on data from the Prescription Database, the Medical Birth Registry and the Hospital Discharge Registry of North Jutland County, Denmark. Fifty-four exposed pregnancies, in which the father filed a prescription for azathioprine or mercaptopurine (between 1 January 1991 and 31 December 2001) before conception, were included. The controls comprised 57 195 pregnancies with no paternal azathioprine or mercaptopurine use.Results : Four children with congenital abnormalities (underlying paternal diseases: glomerulonephritis and severe skin disease) were found in 54 exposed pregnancies (7.4%), compared with 2334 (4.1%) in controls. The adjusted odds ratio for congenital abnormalities in children fathered by men treated with azathioprine or mercaptopurine was 1.8 (95% confidence interval, 0.7–5.0).Conclusions : Our data may indicate that paternal use of azathioprine or mercaptopurine before conception is associated with an increased risk of congenital abnormalities. However, more data are needed to determine whether the association is causal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01889.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Population-based case control study of the safety of sulfasalazine use during pregnancy (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We studied the human teratogenic risk of sulfasalazine because this drug interferes with folate metabolism.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Case control study within the Hungarian Case Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, 1980–1996; based on 22 865 new-born infants or foetuses with congenital abnormalities, and 38 151 babies without any detected congenital abnormalities (control group).〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Seventeen pregnant women (0.07%) were treated with sulfasalazine in the case group, and 26 (0.07%) in the control group. The overall adjusted adds ratio of congenital abnormalities after sulfasalazine treatment was odds ratio=1.2 (95% confidence interval: 0.6–2.1). None of the analyses indicated any significant increased prevalence of selected congenital abnormalities among the exposed compared with the not exposed.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:We found no significant increased prevalence of selected congenital abnormalities in the children of women treated with sulfasalazine during pregnancy. However, the amount of information is limited and additional data are needed to rule out a teratogenic effect.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00962.x
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