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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mediator release was examined from superficially lying cells in the airway epithelium obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in 13 non-atopic individuals. The BAL-cells were incubated (20 min, 37°C) withStaphylococcus (Staph.) aureus or with human influenza A virus.Staph. aureus was found to release histamine from cells from 7 of the 13 individuals and influenza A virus in 3 of 5 persons. Furthermore,Staph. aureus stimulated the BAL-cells to release leukotriene B4 in 7 of 11 subjects, whereas no release was found by influenza A virus in 7 examined persons. When cells from 4 persons were stimulated withStaph. aureus no release of leukotriene C4 was found. The mediator release caused by bacteria and virus might be of importance for the exacerbation of bronchial asthma in upper respiratory tract infections, since histamine is assumed to increase the epithelial permeability with entrance of allergens and other insulting particles, and leukotriene B4 facilitates airway inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The long-term effect of tree pollen extract immunotherapy was investigated 6 years after termination of the treatment. Subjective symptom evaluation of 36 patients 6 years after a 3-year period of immunotherapy showed that rhinitis and asthma symptoms remained at the improved level reached just after termination of the treatment. Some 86% of the rhinitis patients and 68% of the asthma patients maintained improvement. None of the rhinitis patients developed asthma in the study period. Skin prick tests reflected the outcome of the subjective symptom assessment. The skin sensitivity of the patients decreased significantly during immunotherapy, and the skin reactions 6 years after specific immunotherapy were still significantly lower than the pretreatment levels. Total IgE and birch-specific IgE levels were constant throughout the study period, and both the affinity and epitope specificity of the IgE antibodies of the patients were the same before, during, and 6 years after treatment. In conclusion, specific immunotherapy reduces symptoms in patients suffering from rhinitis and asthma, and the effect is maintained 6 years after termination of the treatment. Specific immunotherapy seems to prevent long-term development of asthma in rhinitis patients. IgE measurements do not reflect the overall status of the patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Dialysed extracts of alder (Alnus glutinosa) and hazel (Corylus avellana) pollens were characterized by immunochemical methods. The alder pollen extract contained at least 33 distinct antigens of which one, antigen 5, was classified as a major allergen, three, antigens 4, 10, and 17, were classified as intermediate allergens and two, antigens 19 and 23, were classified as minor allergens. The molecular weight and pI of the major allergen were determined to be 19,000 D and 5.2, respectively. The hazel pollen extract contained at least 40 distinct antigens, two of which were classified as major allergens, antigens 8 and 13, three as intermediate allergens, antigens 12, 17, and 26, and seven as minor allergens, antigens 6, 11, 16, 18, 29, 39, and 40. The molecular weights and pI's of the major allergens of hazel pollen were determined to be: antigen 8; Mw = 12,000 D, pI = 5.1 and 〈 3.5, antigen 13; Mw = 26,000 D, pI = 5.1. Further, crossed line immunoelectrophoresis and tandem crossed immunoelectrophoresis of alder, birch and hazel strongly indicate that there exists an immunochemical partial identity between the major allergens (antigens 5 (alder), 23 (birch), and 13 (hazel)) from these tree pollens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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