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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Arzneistoffe ; Aufbereitungsmonographien ; Review ; Key words Pharmaceutical substances ; Monographs ; Review
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Between 1988 and 1994 more than 40 monographs dealing with dermatologically relevant drugs have been published in an official German government publication, the „Bundesanzeiger”. These monographs represent reviews compiled by independent dermatological and pharmaceutical authorities working together in an expert commission and most of their information has proved valid. Thus, knowledge of these official reviews could help physicians to decide about the use of many drugs. However, they are not well-known to doctors. With this brief summary we hope to make more physicians familiar with these important monographs published in the „Bundesanzeiger”.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zwischen 1988 und 1994 wurden im Bundesanzeiger (BAnz) über 40 Monographien von Arzneistoffen, die in der dermatologischen Verschreibungspraxis einen relevanten Stellenwert einnehmen, veröffentlicht. Diese sog. Aufbereitungsmonographien stellen neutrale Bewertungen dar, die basierend auf dem damaligen aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstand von einer unabhängigen Expertenkommission erarbeitet wurden. In den vergangenen Jahren haben sich nur in wenigen Fällen gravierende Änderungen in dem publizierten Erkenntnismaterial ergeben, weshalb diese „offiziellen” Bewertungen auch heute noch für den Arzt ein wichtiges Instrument bei der Entscheidung für oder gegen den Einsatz von bestimmten Therapeutika darstellen. Angesichts der Tatsache, daß die im BAnz publizierten Monographien in der Ärzteschaft nur wenig bekannt sind, wird im Rahmen dieses Beitrages eine kurze Zusammenfassung der wichtigsten Fakten für ausgewählte Substanzen vorgestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: G-protein ; Mastoparan ; liposomes ; Macrogol-260-cetylstearylether ; reconstitution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Isolated heterotrimeric G-proteins exhibit full biological activity when reconstituted into liposomes. Here, we investigated the non-ionic surfactant macrogol-260-cetylstearylether (TA 6) as an efficient vehicle for the reconstitution of G-proteins. Reconstitution efficiency of G-proteins was recorded by GTPγS-binding. Their biological potency was measured as basal and mastoparan-stimulated GTPase-activity. G-proteins were fully active when associated with liposomes. On the other hand, G-proteins solubilized by TA 6 micelles or reconstituted into pure TA 6 vesicles exhibited impaired biological activity. However, vesicles containing different ratios of azolectin and non-ionic TA 6 showed about 50% higher reconstitution efficiency as compared to pure liposomes. In addition, basal and mastoparan-stimulated GTPase-activity in vesicles containing an axolectin / TA 6 ratio of 3:1 were 2.7 and 9.1 fold higher than in pure liposomes, respectively. These data emphasize that the composition of the lipid membranous environment significantly influences G-protein activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 9 (1992), S. 1336-1340 
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: nonionic surfactants ; Macrogolstearate 400 ; lamellar phase ; hydrophilic creams ; gel-liquid crystalline phase separation ; nonionic surfactant vesicles ; cationic surfactant vesicles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In binary Macrogolstearate 400 (MS 400)/water systems, lamellar surfactant arrangements can be detected by polarized light and transmission electron microscopy. As demonstrated by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, the alkyl chains of the emulsifier are in the crystalline state. Ternary systems with liquid paraffin represent optically isotropic, homogeneous o/w creams for a wide composition range. Incorporation of up to 50 mol% cholesterol into the MS 400 lamellar structures leads to a gel-liquid crystalline phase separation within the bilayer, thus enabling the formation of spherical nonionic vesicles. The transition enthalpy of the samples decreases linearly with increasing cholesterol concentrations. The Macrogolstearate 400/cholesterol vesicles proved to be stable in hydrophilic cream systems. Cationic vesicles can be prepared using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a charge inducer. Low-CTAB portions are inhomogeneously distributed within the bilayer, as detected by DSC. The results also indicate a perturbation of the alkyl chains packing for the positively charged vesicles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thiocarbonsäuren bilden mit Aldehyden relativ beständige Halbmercaptale, R - CH(OH) - S - CO - R', deren Eigenschaften beschrieben werden. Durch Umsetzung mit anorganischen Säurechloriden entstehen daraus α-Halogenalkyl-acyl-sulfide, R - CH(Cl) - S - CO - R', die durch ein sehr reaktionsfähiges Halogen ausgezeichnet sind und sich zur Einführung von Mercaptoalkylgruppen eignen.  -  Die Hydrolysegeschwindigkeiten von Chlormethyl-acyl-sulfiden und der analogen Sauerstoffverbindungen in Wasser-Dioxan-Gemischen werden ermittelt und mit denjenigen von Chlormethyläthern und Chlormethylthioäthern verglichen.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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