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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient nonhomologous and homologous recombination in scid cells (1995)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 42 (1995), S. 181-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mutation affects both coding joint formation during immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor V(D)J recombination and double-strand break repair. We analyzed scid cells for their ability to undergo other types of DNA end joining: non-homologous and homologous recombination. Using plasmid constructs carrying antibiotic resistance genes, we observed that the efficiency of nonhomologous integration in scid cells was equal to that in wildtype cell lines. In addition, there was no obvious difference in the fidelity of the integration and in the expression of the resistance genes. Moreover, scid cells were able to carry out homologous recombination of extrachromosomal substrates just as well as wildtype cells. These results suggest a mechanistic difference between nonhomologous integration and homologous recombination on the one hand and V(D)J recombination and double-strand break repair on the other.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191223
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Solute and Isotopic Chemistry to Identify Flow Patterns and Factors Which Limit Acid Mine Drainage in the Wasatch Range, Utah (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 30 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: In this case study, we have demonstrated how a minimal amount of relatively inexpensive isotopic data can be used to help solve a complex Hydrogeologie problem.Acidic (pH 3 to 4) and neutral (pH 6.0 to 7.7) mine drain waters have been identified and sampled in the mining districts in the central Wasatch Range of Utah. The chemical evolution of acid and neutral mine waters follow fundamentally different chemical and isotopic evolutionary pathways which reflect fundamentally different flow histories. Most neutral mine discharges are either low iron calcium-bicarbonate waters or iron and sulfate rich waters. Stable isotopic values of δ2 H and δ18 O plot near and parallel to the meteoric water line (MWL), suggesting a meteoric origin for all mine waters. 3H concentrations (20.9 to 40.8 TU) and 14C activities (46.2 to 96.3 pmc) indicate mine waters have a major component of modern recharge water. Shallow circulation of most mine discharges is suggested by low TDS, nonthermal discharge temperatures and the proximity of most mine workings to the surface.The δ34 S values of mine discharge waters tend to cluster about two nodes. Neutral mine drainages with low SO42- contents cluster about δ34 S = 0/o, whereas neutral mine drainages with high Sü42 contents cluster about δ34S =+5.5%o. An acid mine drainage also has a 534 S value of about 0 %o. δ34 S values of ∼ 0 %o are attributed to the oxidation ofpyrite and other sulfide minerals, whereas more positive isotopic values are attributed to isotopic fractionation accompanying the dissolution of gypsum and anhydrite. Only mine discharges with a δ34S δ 0%o have the potential to produce acid drainage. Geologic and δ13C data suggest acid mine waters (mean δ13C =−15.0%o) discharge from ground-water flow systems generally devoid of carbonate rocks. Neutral mine waters (mean δ13C =− 9.7%o) discharge from aquifers containing abundant carbonate rocks which neutralize excess H+ ions released by the oxidization of sulfide minerals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01796.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Birth of the D-E-A-D box (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 337 (1989), S. 121-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR—The recent isolation and character-ization of eight genes in organisms ranging from Escherichia coli to man1"8 leads us to define a new family of proteins. Based on their homology to the eukaryotic initia-tion factor, eIF-4A, and on biochemical data on some of the proteins, they seem to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/337121a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 in suspension cultured HeLa cells (1977)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 152 (1977), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary HeLa cell ribosomal protein S6, and the increase in its phosphorylation level that occurs after resuspending cells in fresh medium plus serum, were studied using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The maximum level of S6 phosphorylation occurs about 2 h after adding fresh medium and serum to cells that have been allowed to grow to high density; this results in an almost complete shift of the spot representing S6 in two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels to a new location. Mixing experiments showed that the differences in the level of phosphorylation occur in vivo and are not an artifact of in vitro sample preparation. This method of stimulating S6 phosporylation provides a convenient system for studying the functional significance of the phenomenon. Only one other ribosomal protein was detectably phosphorylated using [32P]-labeling and autoradiography of dried two-dimensional gels. The level of phosphorylation of this protein, L14, does not change after serum stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693074
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B-cell maturation in chimaeric mice deficient for the heat stable antigen (HSA/mouse CD24) (1995)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 4 (1995), S. 173-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: heat stable antigen ; gene targeting ; chimaeric mice ; B-cell ; haematopoiesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The murine differentiation marker heat stable antigen (HSA) is a GPI-anchored surface glycoprotein showing strong expression on immature B- and T-lymphocytes and gradually reduced expression during maturation. Although HSA has been suggested to be involved in adhesion and/or signalling, its function has not been clearly demonstrated so far. In order to elucidate the function of HSA, we analysed chimaeric mice that were generated by targeted disruption of both HSA alleles in ES cells. These mice contain normal numbers of peripheral B-cells and normal serum IgM and IgG titres of ES cell-derived allotype, demonstrating that HSA expression on B-cells is not an absolute requirement for their maturation. However, a reduction in immature B-cells in the bone marrow and an altered degree of bone marrow and blood chimaerism suggest that HSA expression influences the maturation of B-cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01968782
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The functional genes for protein synthesis initiation factor 4AI and 4AII map to mouse Chromosomes 11 and 16 (1993)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 4 (1993), S. 185-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352237
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for control of protein synthesis in HeLa cells via the elongation rate (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 104 (1980), S. 269-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effects of fresh medium and serum on protein synthesis in suspension-cultured HeLa cells after growth to high cell density (〉5 × 105 cells/ml) were studied. Cells which were resuspended in fresh medium plus serum and grown for 24 hours (control) were compared with cells grown for 2 hours after resuspension (stimulated). The spectrum of proteins being synthesized by control and stimulated cells does not appear to be grossly different; that is, the weight and number average molecular weights of newly synthesized whole-cell protein are about the same in both cultures. Also, no significant differences were observed in the number of ribosomes per polysome or in the fraction of total ribosomes in polysomes. However, the transit times (combined elongation and termination times) were found to differ significantly; the average transit time for control cells was 2.24 minutes, while the average transit time for stimulated cells was 1.26 minutes. (An appendex evaluating the methodology involved in measuring the transit time is included.) In agreement with the difference in transit time, the absolute rate of protein synthesis in stimulated cells was approximately 1.8 times the rate measured in control cells. These data are taken as evidence that under certain conditions, the rate of elongtion and/or termination of polypeptide chains limits the overall rate of translation, and that cells can respond to growth conditions by changing the elongation and/or termination rate of protein synthesis.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041040302
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