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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of a bacterium which utilizes polyester polyurethane as a sole carbon and nitrogen source (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 129 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Various soil samples were screened for the presence of microorganisms which have the ability to degrade polyurethane compounds. Two strains with good polyurethane degrading activity were isolated. The more active strain was tentatively identified as Comamonas acidovorans. This strain could utilize polyester-type polyurethanes but not the polyether-type polyurethanes as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. Adipic acid and diethylene glycol were probably the main degradation products when polyurethane was supplied as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. When ammonium nitrate was used as nitrogen source, only diethylene glycol was detected after growth on polyurethane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07554.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation as a tool for genetic fine mapping of closely located mutations in Thermus thermophilus (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 117 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Recombination indexes were measured among six Trp− mutants of Thermus thermophilus HB27 by reciprocal transformation among the mutants. Based on the index values, the order and distance of four closely located mutation sites were predicted. Cloning and sequence analysis of the mutants revealed that the order and distance among the mutation sites predicted from the index values were correct. A similar relationship between the index value and real distance was also obtained for two Pro− mutants. These results suggest that transformation can be used as a tool for genetic fine mapping in T. thermophilus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06761.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of a bacterium which degrades solid poly(tetramethylene succinate)-co-adipate, a biodegradable plastic (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 189 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Various microorganisms were screened for their ability to degrade poly(tetramethylene succinate)-co-(tetramethylene adipate) (PBSA). Strain BS-3, which was newly isolated from a soil sample, was selected as the best strain. From taxonomical studies, the strain was tentatively ascribed to belong to the genus Acidovorax, most probably to the species A. delafieldii. Strain BS-3 could degrade both solid and emulsified PBSA, and also emulsified poly(tetramethylene succinate). During the degradation, a lipase activity was observed in the culture broth. This lipase activity was induced more strongly by PBSA than by tributyrin or triolein which are typical substrates of lipase. These observations strongly suggest that this lipase was involved in the PBSA biodegradation in strain BS-3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb09201.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of pyruvic acid from 1,2-propanediol byPseudomonas sp. strain TB-135 which does not require thiamine (1991)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 13 (1991), S. 821-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Pseudomonas sp. strain TB-135 produces D-lactic acid from 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PD) and requires Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe2+ for growth but does not require thiamine. The strain produced pyruvic acid only under Fe2+-deficient conditions and the addition of Cu2+ increased pyruvic acid production. Under optimal conditions (0.03 ppm of FeSO4 and 0.5ppm of CuSO4), the strain accumulated 14 mg pyruvic acid par ml after 3 days of cultivation. The thiamine concentration in the cells grown on Fe2+-deficient medium was about 6% of that in the cells grown on Fe2+-sufficient medium, though pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1) activities of both types of cells were the same. We conclude that the low thiamine content of the cells is responsible for the acid production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01026767
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of mannosylerythritol lipids as biosurfactants by resting cells ofCandida antarctica (1992)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 14 (1992), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The resting cells ofCandida antarctica strain T-34 was found to produce a large amount of mannosylerythritol lipids as biosurfactants when incubated in the medium containing only the carbon source. The resting cells prepared from different water-soluble carbon sources were able to produce the lipids abundantly from water-insoluble carbon sources. Under the optimal conditions in a shake culture, the concentration of the total lipids amounted to about 47 g/l after 6 days, and the yield of the lipids became higher than that obtained by using the growing cells of the strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01022329
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular accumulation of mannosylerythritol lipids as storage materials by Candida antarctica (1992)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 36 (1992), S. 768-772 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Candida antarctica strain T-34, which was isolated as a biosurfactant producer, was found to produce organic acids and polyols extracellularly but not to produce biosurfactants, when grown on glucose or other carbohydrates as the sole carbon source. It was also observed microscopically that the strain contained oil globules within the cells. The intracellular lipids of the strain mainly consisted of triglycerides and mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL). The MEL content of the cells during the culture exceeded 10% of the dry cell weight, and the pattern of variation of the MEL content was very similar to that of triglycerides. All three stock strains of C. antarctica tested also accumulated a relatively large amount of MEL from glucose. These results suggested that these strains accumulated the MEL intracellularly as one of the storage materials together with triglycerides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172191
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of 2-ketobutyric acid from 1,2-butanediol by resting cells of Rhodococcus equi IFO 3730 (1994)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 16 (1994), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Various microorganisms were screened for their ability to produce 2-ketobutyric acid (2-KBA) from 1,2-butanediol (1,2-BD). Among them, Rhodococcus equi IFO 3730 was selected as the best strain. The various culture and reaction conditions were optimized using this strain. Limitation of thiamine in the growing medium was found to be effective. The resting cells of the strain grown on 1,2-propanediol as the carbon source yielded 15.7 g/l of 2-KBA from 20 g/l of 1,2-BD after 32 h incubation at 30 °C in the reaction mixture under optimal conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134623
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mannosylerythritol lipid induces granulocytic differentiation and inhibits the tyrosine phosphorylation of human myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 (1997)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 25 (1997), S. 191-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: differentiation ; insulin-dependent ; K562 ; phospho-tyrosine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL), which induced granulocytic differentiation of human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60, also induced differentiation of human myelogenous leukemia cell line K562. MEL inhibited insulin-dependent cell proliferation and induced leukocyte esterase activity of K562 cells. MEL markedly increased the differentiation-associated characteristics in granulocytes, such as nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reducing ability, expression of Fc receptors, and phagocytic activity of K562 cells. The tyrosine phosphorylation in K562 cells inhibited by MEL. These results suggest that MEL directly down-regulates the tyrosine kinase activities in K562 cells to inhibit the cell proliferation and to induce the differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007982909932
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Succinoyl trehalose lipid induced differentiation of human monocytoid leukemic cell line U937 into monocyte-macrophages (1995)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 19 (1995), S. 79-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: trehalose lipid ; U937 ; monocytic differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A novel type of succinoyl trehalose lipid (STL-1) prepared from n-hexadecane-culture ofRhodococcus erythropolis SD-74 markedly inhibited the growth of a human monocytoid leukemic cell line, U937, and induced its morphological alteration along a monocyte-macrophage lineage. STL-1 markedly increased differentiation-associated characteristics in macrophage, such as nitroblue tetrazolium reducing ability, appearance of Fc receptor, phagocytic activities in U937. Furthermore, U937 cells, which were activated with STL-1 exhibited cytotoxic activity against human lung carcinoma cell line A549. However, STL-1 did not affect growth of a normal human fetal lung cell line TIG-1. The individual components of STL-1, neither sugar moiety nor fatty acids in the free form, were effective at inducing the differentiation of U937 cell. From these results, we concluded that STL-1 has low cytotoxicity against normal human cells and the ester molecule itself is responsible for the activity of inducing differentiation of human monocytoid leukemic cell line U937 into monocyte-macrophage which results in the stimulation of the production of some cytotoxic substances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00749758
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of mouse melanoma cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate counteracts mannosylerythritol lipid-induced growth arrest and apoptosis (2000)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 33 (2000), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: apoptosis ; mannosylerythritol lipid ; melanoma ; protein kinase C
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL), an extracellularglycolipid from yeast, induces the differentiation ofHL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells towardsgranulocytes. We show here that MEL is also a potentinhibitor of the proliferation of mouse melanoma B16cells. Flow-cytometric analysis of the cell cycle ofMEL-treated B16 cells revealed the accumulation ofcells in the sub-G0/G1 phase, which is a hallmark ofcells undergoing apoptosis. Treatment of B16 cellsfor 24 h with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA),an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), did notinterfere with the growth and survival of the cells,but it effectively counteracted the MEL-induced growtharrest and apoptosis. The activity of PKC was reducedin B16 cells treated with MEL at a concentration atwhich MEL induced apoptosis. However, incubation withPMA in addition to MEL reversed this reduction in theactivity of PKC. These results suggest thatconverging signaling pathways are triggeredindependently by MEL and PMA and that the signalsmight both be mediated by PKC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008129616127
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