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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The nucleotide sequence of a 1,091-base pair cloned cDNA insert encoding bovine corticotropin-β-lipotropin precursor mRNA is reported. The corresponding amino acid sequence indicates that the precursor protein consists of repetitive units and includes a third melanotropin sequence in its ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 191 (1961), S. 624-624 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Five-day-old mouse brains infected intracerebrally with the Hawaiian strain of dengue fever virus (M-184) and three-week-old mouse brains infected with the Nakayama strain of Japanese B encephalitis virus (M-55) were employed as the sources of the materials for extraction of UNA. The brains were ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using 39 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with a broad range of susceptibility to rifampicin, we examined the relationship between the degree of resistance to rifampicin and mutational sites of the rpoB gene. All rifampicin-resistant strains had missense mutations. Twenty strains (95%) had a mutation in the cluster I region, which has also been reported in Escherichia coli [Jin and Gross (1988) J. Mol. Biol. 202, 45–58], and the remaining one strain had a mutation at codon 381 [Ala → Val]in the N-terminal region, which has not been reported in E. coli. Among 18 rifampicin-susceptible strains, two had a mutation in the cluster I region and the other three strains had a mutation in the cluster III region. The mutations at codons 513 (5%), 526 (33%) or 531 (43%) in the cluster I region led to high level resistance to rifampicin (50 μg ml−1≤ MIC). The mutations at the other sites, in the cluster III region (codons 679 or 687) and even in the cluster I region (codon 514, 521, or 533), showed low level (MIC = 12.5 μg ml−1) or no (MIC 〈 0.39 μg ml−1) resistance to rifampicin. These results suggest that mutations in the rpoB gene are, mostly, but not necessarily, associated with rifampicin resistance of M. tuberculosis, and the sites of mutations on the rpoB gene will affect the level of resistance to rifampicin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: transplantation ; pancreatectomy ; pancreatitis ; insulin ; glucagon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total pancreatectomy was performed in a 39-year-old man diabetic with diffuse calcification of the whole pancreas, a pseudocyst and intrapancreatic bile duct obstruction. The body of the excised pancreas was immediately transplanted into the left groin. The postoperative responses of plasma glucagon and insulin were not impaired compared with their preoperative responses. The patient was relieved of unremitting pain and is doing well six months after this operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Plantlets were regenerated from callus of Iris pallida, an important perfume plant. Only the leaf base attached to the rhizome had the ability to generate yellow-colored callus on LS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/l KT in the dark. Yellow calli grew with partial differentiation into white tissue, probably embryogenic, during subculture on the same medium with a 16-h photoperiod. Only yellow-colored calli with the white tissue could differentiate into plantlets after transfer to kinetin- or gibberellin- supplemented LS medium. Regenerated plantlets which grew on the medium without growth regulators were transferred to the soil. After 2 years of cultivation in soil, the regenerated plants flowered and formed rhizomes. The components of the essential oil in the rhizome of regenerated plants were essentially the same as those in natural plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le taux de survie à long terme après pancréatectomie pour cancer augmente. Cette étude a été menée chez des patients ayant un cancer périampullaire pour définir les changements des fonctions pancréatiques endocrines avant et après la résection de la tête du pancréas. Les fonctions pancréatiques cellulaires A et b ont été déterminées grâce aux dosages de glucagon et d'insuline plasmatiques suite à une perfusion d'arginine. La réponse maximale et l'augmentation de glucagon et d'insuline plasmatiques ont été calculées pour chaque patient. En regard de ces paramètres, il n'y avait pas de différence significative entre les patients avant l'opération (n=36) et les sujects témoins (n=18). Après duodénopancréatectomie (durée moyenne, 6.4 semaines), chaque paramètre était réduit de façon significative par rapport aux valeurs préopératoires, et à celles des témoins. Parmi les survivants à long terme (moyenne, 20.1 mois après l'intervention; n=12), il n'y avait pas de différence dans ces paramètres avant et après F opération, mais ces valeurs étaient toujours inférieures de façon significative à celles de la période préopératoire ou à celles des sujets normaux témoins. Nous concluons que les fonctions cellulaires A et B sont conservées pendant longtemps après duodénopancréatectomie céphalique pour cancer périampullaire.
    Abstract: Resumen El número de sobrevivientes a largo plazo después de pancreatectomía por cáncer está en aumento, pero poco se conoce acerca de la función pancreática endocrina y del estado metabólico tardío en estos pacientes. El presente estudio fue ejecutado en pacientes con cáncer periampular con el propósito de elucidar los cambios seriados que se producen en la función pancreática endocrina antes y después de la resección de la cabeza del páncreas. La función de las células A y B fue determinada mediante la respuesta del glucagón y la insulina plasmáticos a la infusión de arginina. Para lograr comparaciones seriadas, se hizo el cálculo de la respuesta máxima y del incremento integrado del glucagón y de la insulina en cada paciente. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en estos parámetros comparando la medición preoperatoria en 36 pacientes con la obtenida en 18 sujetos normales que actuaron como controles. En el período temprano después de la pancreatectomía (promedio, 6.4 semanas), cada parámetra apareció significativamente disminuído en relación a su correspondiente valor preoperatorio, y también en relación a los controles normales. En 12 sobrevivientes a largo plazo (promedio, 20.1 meses después de la cirugía) entre estos 36 pacientes con cáncer periampular, tales parámetros no exhibieron cambios significativos en comparación con los valores postoperatorios tempranos y fueron aún menos significativos al compararlos con los valores preoperatorios o los valores controles normales. Nuestra conclusión es que la función pancreática en cuanto a las células A y B se mantiene preservada por un largo período de tiempo después de pancreatoduodenectomía en pacientes con cáncer periampular.
    Notes: Abstract The number of long-term survivors of pancreatectomy for cancer is increasing. This study was conducted in patients with periampullary cancer to elucidate the serial change in the pancreatic endocrine functions before and after resection of the head of the pancreas. The pancreatic A and B cell functions were determined by the responses of plasma glucagon and insulin to arginine infusion. For serial comparison, the maximum response and integrated increment of plasma glucagon and insulin were calculated in each patient. There were no significant differences in these parameters between the patients (n=36) before the operation and normal controls (n=18). Early after pancreatoduodenectomy (mean, 6.4 weeks), each parameter was significantly less than its corresponding preoperative value and also less than the value in the normal controls. In the long-term survivors (mean, 20.1 months after the surgery; n=12) among these 36 patients, these parameters showed no significant changes compared with the early postoperative values and were still significantly less than both the preoperative values and the normal control values. We, thus, conclude that pancreatic A and B cell functions are preserved long-term after pancreatoduodenectomy in patients with periampullary cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-2576
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of these studies was to identify some of the extracellular proteolytic enzymes associated with the development and healing of acute inflammatory lesions. Lesions were produced in the skin of rabbits by the topical application of the military vesicant, sulfur mustard (SM). Full-thickness, 1-cm2 central biopsies of the lesions were organ-cultured for one to three days, and the culture fluids were assayed for proteases with a variety of substrates. When compared to culture fluids from normal skin, the culture fluids from both developing and healing SM lesions had three to six times the levels of proteases hydrolyzing two synthetic peptide substrates: (1)t-butyloxycarbonyl-Leu-Gly-Arg-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin-7-amid (Boc-Leu-Gly-Arg-AFC, herein abbreviated LGA-AFC), and (2)N-benzoyl-phenylalanine-Β-naphthyl ester (BPN). LGA-AFC is a substrate for trypsin, plasmin, plasminogen activator, thrombin, kallikrein, and the C3 and C5 convertases; BPN is a chymotrypsin and cathepsin G substrate. The culture fluids did not consistently hydrolyze four other synthetic peptide substrates or the proteins [14C]-casein and [14C]elastin. In order to determine the likely sources of LGA-AFCase and BPNase activity, we counted the number of granulocytes (PMNs), macrophages (MNs) and activated fibroblasts in histologic sections of developing and healing SM lesions, and we measured the levels of these enzymes in serum, in culture fluids of PMN and MN peritoneal exudate cells, and in culture fluids of two fibroblast cell lines. In SM lesions, serum and fibroblasts seemed to be the major source of LGA-AFCase, and serum alone the major source of BPNase. Tissue PMNs and MNs seemed to be only minor sources. The crusts of healing lesions, which were full of dead PMNs, seemed to be a rich source of both enzymes. In the SM lesion culture fluids, whether LGA-AFC and BPN were hydrolyzed by endopeptidases or only by exopeptidases could be determined by evaluating complex formation withα-macroglobulin proteinase inhibitors (αM). Endopeptidases, but not exopeptidases, are entrapped and inhibited byαM, because an internal peptide band inαM must first be hydrolyzed before molecular rearrangement (required for proteinase inhibition) occurs. The catalytic site of endopeptidases that are entrapped and inhibited byαM is known to remain active on (and reachable by) small synthetic peptide substrates such as LGA-AFC and BPN. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel preparations of SM lesion culture fluids, we found electrophoretic bands that both stained forΜM with specific antibody with the immunoperoxidase technique and hydrolyzed LGA-AFC and/or BPN. Thus, at least some of the SM lesion enzymes that hydrolyzed LGA-AFC and BPN were endopeptidases. These proteinases probably played a local extracellular role in the inflammatory process before they were inhibited by extravasated serum inhibitors, such asαM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-2576
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Developing, peak and healing lesions were induced in the skin of rabbits by topical applications (on different days) of the chemical irritant sulfur mustard (SM). Immediately after the rabbits were euthanized, the intact lesions were excised and organ-cultured for 17 to 20 hours. The culture fluids from early, peak and healing SM lesions all showed high chemoctactic activity for both PMN and MN. This finding suggests that the PMN and MN, seen microscopically in tissue sections of the lesions, were entering continuously, even during the healing process. The chemotaxins identified were the eicosanoid LTB4, the chemokine IL-8, and proteases producing the complement fragment C5a. Other studies from our laboratory showed that the number of cells containing IL-1, IL-8, MCP-1, and GRO mRNAs was increased in SM lesions. Chemotactic activity was released by both live and dead (frozen and thawed) cell suspensions of PMN, MN, and fibroblasts, suggesting that these cells were major sources of the chemotaxins produced by the SM lesion explants. Explants of normal skin produced considerable chemotactic activity for MN, but not for PMN. Chemotactic activity for PMN, and the release of LTB4, IL-8 and proteases cleaving C5 to C5a, occurred only in explants infiltrated by leukocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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