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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural features of a brain injury model in cat (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 75 (1988), S. 295-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Edema ; Hypoxia ; Trauma ; Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We present qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural observations on the changes induced in neuroglia and blood vessels of gray matter of cat brain by an experimental acceleration-deceleration injury which, when used alone, causes negligible morbidity and mortality, but, when combined with systemic hypoxia, leads to coma and delayed death in approximately 50% of experimental subjects. An increase in the proportion of neuropil occupied by astrocytic cytoplasm is detectable qualitatively in layer Vb of pericruciate cortex 20 min after injury without hypoxia, and is maximal (22%, as measured morphometrically, vs 11.4% in controls) 40 min afterward. Near-normal values (14.1%) are obtained 100 min following the insult. If trauma is succeeded 40 min later by a 60-min period of hypoxia, there is prolongation of astrocytic edema and other neuroglial accompaniments of the traumatic lesion, such as aggregation of nuclear nucleoprotein granules and, in astrocytes, fusion of rosette ribosomes and enlargement of mitochondria. A decrease in luminal area occurs in capillaries 40 min after trauma applied alone. Hypoxia without trauma leads to a significant increase in capillary luminal area, which, however, is abolished when trauma precedes the hypoxic interlude. Intravenous injection of a non-diuretic, fluorenyl derivative (L-644,711) of (aryloxy)alkanoic acid loop diuretics, completely prevents the astrocytic swelling ordinarily present 40 min after acceleration-deceleration injury. Also, L-644,711 improves mortality and morbidity scores in cats subjected to trauma with hypoxia. We suggest that astroglial swelling may be a critical step in the evolving pathology of this head injury model and its prevention, as by L-644,711 administration, may have relevance to the treatment of cerebral edema in human head injury and other clinical disorders accompanied by astrocytic swelling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690538
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agents for the treatment of brain injury. 1. (Aryloxy)alkanoic acids (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 25 (1982), S. 567-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00347a017
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol Modifies Central Opioid Analgesia Systems in the Rat (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 467 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb14649.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of Fungal Endophytes in Species of Wild Triticum (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 1507-1512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Pooideae . The beneficial effects on plants possessing effects on plants possessing fungal endophytes, and the detrimental effects on consumers of fungal endophyte-infected plants are widely known. The objective of our research was to determine if fungal endophytes exist in indigenous, wild Triticum (wheat) species from Turkey. From the Triticum species collected, we found two different fungal endophytes. Fungi identified morphologically as members of the genus Neotyphodium were found in the diploid Triticum species T. dichasians (Zhuk.) Bowden and T. tripsacoides (Jaub; & Spach) Bowden. The second endophyte, an Acremonium species, was found in T. columnare (Zhuk.) Morris & Sears, T. cylindricum Ces., T. monococcum L., T. neglecta Morris & Sears, T. recta Morris & Sears, T. triunciale (L.) Raspail, T. turgidum L., and T. umbellulatum (Zhuk.) Bowden. No fungal endophytes were found in T. kotschyi (Boiss.) Bowden, T. ovatum (L.) Raspail, T. peregrinum Morris & Sears, T. speltoides (Tausch) Gren. Ex Richter, and T. tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. Although the number of samples tested was small for some of these species. Both Acremonium endophyte-infected and Acremonium endophyte-free plants of T. triuncale were found to occur at different frequencies at four collection sites on the Anatolian Plateau. Through two selfed generations of the plants, it was found that the Neotyphodium endophyte was transmitted to 100% of the progeny of T. dichasians and T. tripsacoides. However, the Acremonium endophytes were not transmitted in all plants that originally possessed them. We concluded that fungal endophytes of the genera Neotyphodium and Acremonium inhabit some wild wheat species grown indigenously in Turkey. These endophytes may influence the ecology and distribution of Triticum species, and may also serve as a source of biological control agents of pests or abiotic stress factors in wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diallel Analysis of Gene Effects Conditioning Resistance to Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.) in Wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Crop science 39 (1999), S. 686-690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-0653
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Stagonospora nodorum (Berk.) blotch (SNB) is a fungal disease that affects all aboveground parts of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. Stagonospora nodorum blotch causes serious losses in grain yield and seed quality of wheat grown in southeastern USA. The objective of this study was to conduct a genetic analysis of components of partial resistance to SNB wheat. Ten lines of soft and hard winter wheats that varied in resistance to SNB were used in two sets of intra-wheat-class half-diallel matings. Seedling plants of parents, F1 crosses, and F2 populations were inoculated at the two-leaf stage with spores of SNB in a humidity chamber to determine incubation period (IP), latent period (LP), and necrosis percentage (NP). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed highly significant differences for IP and NP among hard wheat crosses in both F1 and F2 generations. Highly significant differences for IP were noted among soft wheat F1 and F2 crosses. General combining ability (GCA) was found to be the major component of variation among crosses. For hard wheats, both IP and NP of partial resistance had significant GCA effects, but none had significant specific combining ability (SCA) effects. The results from soft wheat also indicated that GCA was more important than SCA in the inheritance of resistance to SNB. Two hard wheat parents, TX84V344 and SWM14240, and one soft wheat parent, 18NT should be very useful as SNB-resistant breeding lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Opioid but not nonopioid stress-induced analgesia is enhanced following prenatal exposure to ethanol (1985)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 85 (1985), S. 92-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Endogenous opioid peptides ; Ethanol ; Fetal alcohol syndrome ; Prenatal ethanol exposure ; Stress-induced analgesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two neurochemically distinct forms of stress-induced analgesia were examined in adult rats following prenatal ethanol exposure. Rats were exposed to ethanol during the last 2 weeks of gestation through a liquid diet presented to the dams. Analgesia testing was conducted when the offspring were 150–210 days of age. Two forms of footshock stress were administered; one that resulted in a naloxone-sensitive (opioid-mediated) analgesia and one that resulted in a naloxone-insensitive (nonopioid) form of analgesia. Rats prenatally exposed to ethanol demonstrated significantly enhanced opioid-mediated analgesia, but unaltered nonpoioid analgesia compared to controls. These results confirm previous findings that prenatal exposure to ethanol leads to long-term alterations in responding to some, but not all forms of stress. The possibility that prenatal exposure to ethanol leads to perturbations in the endogenous opioid systems is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427329
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of division rate-limiting amounts of fetal bovine serum on the proliferation and aging of cultured chick cells (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 110 (1982), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Chick embryo fibroblasts serially propagated in media containing division ratelimiting amounts of fetal bovine serum underwent premature culture senescence as illustrated by accelerated declines in the number of cells incorporating 3H-thymidine, increased population doubling times, reduced cell densities at subcultivation, and reduced replicative life-spans compared to cells grown in medium containing non-rate-limiting amounts of serum. Low serum serially propagated “senescent” cultures returned to 10% serum containing medium had proliferative rates, incorporated 3H-thymidine, and attained saturation densities at confluency similar to younger cells. “Senescent” cells serially propagated in low serum and returned to 10% serum achieved life-spans similar to cells continuously grown in the presence of 10% serum. The results of these and other studies show that cells serially propagated in the presence of division rate-limiting amounts of fetal bovine serum, or at high inoculation densities, accumulate a substantial number of cells in the population during exponential growth conditions that are not senescent but are prevented from entering DNA synthesis becuase of mitogen limitations. Our results indicate that the amount of serum mitogen in the growth medium affects only the rate at which cells express their genetically predetermined replicative potential and not the replicative lifespan per se. These results are discussed in relation to the techniques that should be employed for studying cellular aging and the mechanism of senescent cell formation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041100211
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