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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The interaction, KRM, between the rare-earth 4f moment and the transition-metal 3d moments in rare-earth transition-metal intermetallics is shown to depend upon the R-5d moment, which is due to 3d–5d hybridization, and local 4f–5d exchange integrals. Both the R-5d moment and KRM may be calculated ab initio from the local spin-density approximation to density functional theory in self-consistent energy-band calculations with the localized 4f-moments fixed at their Russel–Saunders values. Detailed examples are given for the RFe2 (R=Gd−Yb) series. The exchange integrals are similar to those entering into the density functional version of Stoner theory and their energy dependence must be treated carefully. The calculated local exchange integrals are shown to be related to the molecular fields derived from spin Hamiltonians, hence to the spin-wave spectra. Reasonable agreement with values of the molecular fields extracted from inelastic neutron scattering and high field susceptibility measurements is obtained.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6583-6585 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Self-consistent spin-polarized energy-band calculations are reported for the RCo2 compounds (R=Tb–Yb). By changing the magnitude of the 4f spin in GdCo2 from zero to seven and back to zero, hysteresis was obtained with both low- and high-moment conduction-electron states being obtained for spin less than 4. For the real compounds, when the calculations were started with no moment on the Co, low-conduction-electron moments were obtained for DyCo2–YbCo2. However, when the calculations were started with large moments on the Co the total conduction-electron moments were calculated to be 1.75 μB/f.u. for all of the compounds. It is suggested that the conduction-electron-state densities in all of the compounds are similar to those in YCo2 and LuCo2 and that the conduction-band system is essentially metamagnetic.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6586-6587 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: For the hexagonal ferromagnet UNi2, an unusual 5f form factor for uranium has been observed, indicating a large orbital contribution to the total moment. We report on self-consistent electronic structure calculations for the hexagonal Laves phase (C14) compound UNi2, taking both spin and orbital contributions to the total moment into account. In a constrained calculation, where the spin moment is chosen to agree with experiment, very good agreement with the experimental form factor is obtained. In the analysis of the form factor both the 6d and the 5f electrons are taken into account giving improved agreement with experiment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5683-5684 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The combination of itinerant transition metal (M=Fe) and localized rare earth (R=Gd-Yb) magnetism in RFe2 compounds has been investigated in self-consistent energy band calculations. The computed and measured total moments are in good agreement. We find, however, that there is a significant contribution to the moment from the R-5d partial moments coupled antiparallel to the Fe-3d moment which results from 3d-5d hybridization. The R-4f moments interact with the conduction band system solely by local exchange interactions which are calculated ab initio from density functional theory. A sum rule for the total 3d+5d moment is shown to be obeyed and an expression for the effective ferrimagnetic exchange interaction between 3d and 4f electrons is derived.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5638-5640 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The electronic states that mediate the interlayer exchange coupling and the corresponding coupling strengths are calculated for Co/Cu(100). It is found that some states are strongly confined within the spacer layer. This is shown to lead to a strong RKKY-like coupling, but also to some weak contributions from higher harmonics. Weaker confined states only contribute by a rather weak RKKY coupling. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 92 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary. A prospective longitudinal investigation of spontaneous cephalic version from breech presentation in the last trimester is reported. All pregnancies were assessed with ultrasound in the 32nd week of gestation, and were thereafter checked weekly. Of the 310 singleton breech presentations identified at 32 weeks, spontaneous cephalic version occurred in 177 (57%) while breech presentation persisted in 133 patients (43%). Of 140 patients with a breech presentation at delivery 95% were already presenting by the breech in the 32nd week. Spontaneous cephalic version was less likely in pregnancies with extended fetal legs, low birth-weight, short umbilical cord and primiparity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 99 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective To compare the measurement of lactate in fetal scalp and umbilical artery blood by a new dry reagent strip method with a commercially available enzymatic method using plasma (Monotest).Design Comparative study.Subjects Fetal scalp blood samples were obtained during labour from 24 fetuses and umbilical artery blood samples were obtained at birth in a further 51 deliveries.Results The concentration of lactate in scalp and umbilical artery blood measured by the reagent strip method correlated well (r= 0.94, P〈0.001 and 0.95, P〈0.001 respectively) with the enzymatic plasma method. The paper strip method tended to give lower readings than the enzymatic method when the fetal haematocrit was ≥50%.Conclusions The new dry reagent strip method which takes only 1 min to carry out and requires only 20 μl of blood seems to be handy and reliable. This system provides a convenient and rapid test for measuring fetal blood lactate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 60 (1982), S. 941-947 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Hypersensitivity ; Anaphylactic shock ; Anaphylactoid shock ; Circulation ; Respiration ; Mediators ; Überempfindlichkeitsreaktion ; anaphylaktischer Schock ; anaphylaktoider Schock ; Kreislauf ; Atmung ; Mediatoren
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Verschiedene Mediatoren wie Histamin, Leukotriene, Prostaglandine und Bradykinin sind an der Auslösung verschiedener Reaktionsmechanismen beteiligt, wie zytotrope Anaphylaxie (ZA), Immunkomplex-Anaphylaxie (IKA), Reaktionen infolge direkter Histaminfreisetzung oder Komplementaktivierung oder das durch Hyperosmolarität induzierte anaphylaktische Syndrom. Am Affen bewirkt ZA eine systemische Vasodilatation, vorübergehend eine pulmonale Hypertonie und eine vermehrte Herzauswurfleistung, gefolgt von peripherer Blutsequestration und verminderter Herzauswurfleistung. IKA bewirkt eine periphere Vasokonstriktion, einen ausgesprochenen Anstieg des pulmonalen Gefäßwiderstandes und eine verminderte Herzauswurfleistung; letztere ist möglicherweise partiell auf eine verminderte Herzkontraktilität zurückzuführen. Bei Überempfindlichkeitsreaktionen des Menschen treten alternativ sowohl kutane Vasodilatation als auch Vasokonstriktion auf. Periphere Blutsequestration und erhöhte Gefäßpermeabilität sind die Ursache schwerer relativer bzw. absoluter Hypovolämie. Pulmonale Vasokonstriktion scheint im Zusammenhang mit schwerem Bronchospasmus aufzutreten. Verminderter Blutrückfluß, Myokardischämie und Hypoxämie können zu einer Verminderung der Herzleistung beitragen. Die häufigsten Veränderungen im EKG sind Sinustachykardie, Sinusbradykardie, Extrasystolen, Leitungsstörungen wie A-V-Block und Schenkelblock; lethale bzw. sublethale Schockzustände treten oft mit malignen Arrhythmien oder Herzstillstand auf. Beinahe normale Blutgaswerte werden beim anaphylaktischen Schock ohne klinische Zeichen einer respiratorischen Obstruktion beobachtet. Die wenigen dokumentierten Fälle von anaphylaktischem Schock mit respiratorischer Obstruktion zeigen das mögliche Vorliegen eines erhöhten Luftwegwiderstandes und einer verminderten Lungencompliance an, sowie eine leichte bis mittelschwere Hypoxämie mit normalen oder subnormalen CO2-Werten.
    Notizen: Summary Different mediators such as histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins and bradykinin are involved in different reaction mechanisms such as cytotropic anaphylaxis (CA), immune complex anaphylaxis (ICA), reactions due to direct histamine liberation or activation of the complement system or hyperosmolarity induced anaphylactoid reactions. In the monkey CA induces systemic vasodilatation, a transient pulmonary hypertension and increase of cardiac output followed by peripheral blood pooling and depression of cardiac output. ICA induces peripheral vasoconstriction, a severe increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and decreased cardiac output, the latter possibly being partially due to decreased cardiac contractility. In hypersensitivity reactions in man cutaneous vasodilatation as well as vasoconstriction may occur alternatively. Peripheral blood pooling and increased vascular permeability are the cause of severe relative and absolute hypovolemia, respectively. Pulmonary vasoconstriction seems to occur in connection with serious bronchospasm. Decreased venous return, myocardial ischemia and hypoxemia can contribute to a reduction of cardiac performance. The most frequent changes in the ECG are sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, extrasystoles, conduction disturbances as A-V block and bundle branch block; lethal or sublethal shock is often associated with malign arrhythmias or cardiac arrest. Almost normal blood gas values are seen in anaphylactic shock without clinical signs of respiratory obstruction. The very few documented cases of anaphylactic shock with respiratory obstruction indicate that increased airway resistance and reduced lung compliance may be present as well as mild to moderate hypoxemia with normal or subnormal CO2 values.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 193-195 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Creatinine clearance ; Aminoglycoside dosing ; nomogram ; severe infections ; predicted value
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Since almost all urinary creatinine is derived from the muscle mass, the amount of creatinine in the urine will be proportional to muscle mass, and it will show an almost constant decrease with age. A simple equation for estimating creatinine clearance has been derived. For women the creatinine clearance (ml·min−1) was [150−(years)]·body weight (kg)/serum creatinine (μmol·l−1). For men 〈70 years it was [170−age (years)]·body weight (kg)/serum creatinine (μmol/l) and for men ≥70 years it was [160 — age (years)]·body weight (kg)/serum creatinine (μmol/l). The prediction was quite simple when laboratory results were given in SI units. A simple nomogram was devised for easy estimation of the creatinine clearance in individual patients according to the age, sex and weight. Predicted values according to our equations were compared with those derived from other formulae in 54 patients with severe infections treated with aminoglycosides. No major differences were found, but the new method seemed more convenient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 12 (1991), S. 611-615 
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Schlagwort(e): actinide elements ; thermal expansion
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The linear thermal expansion coefficient is calculated for the early actinides thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, and plutonium for a hypothetical fcc crystal structure. The relativistic spin-orbit interaction is included in these calculations. We show that the spin-orbit splitting of the 5f band gives rise to a considerable increase in the thermal expansion and, to a large extent, explains the anomalously large thermal expansion for these elements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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