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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 346 (1992), S. 249-254 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: 5-HT1D ; “5-HT1R” receptors ; Rabbit brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Radioligand binding studies were performed in membranes of rabbit whole brain and striatum using the novel iodinated radioligand for 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D sites, Serotonin-5-O-Carboxymethyl-Glycyl[125I]Tyrosinamide ([125I]GTI). [125I]GTI labelled a finite number of high affinity sites in rabbit brain membranes, Bmax = 191 +- 47 fmol/mg protein, pKD (-log mol/1) = 8.50 +- 0.13, n = 5. The pharmacological profile of [152I]GTI binding was fully comparable to that reported previously in human and other brain preparations known to possess 5-HT1D sites (using either [3H]5-HT or [125I]GTI) and displayed a characteristic rank order of affinity: 5-carboxamidotryptamine 〉 5-HT = dihydroergotamine _〉 ergotamine ≥_ sumatriptan 〉_ CGS 12066 〉- metergoline 〉 yohimbine 〉_ methysergide 〉 ICYP 〉 8-OH-DPAT 〉_ CP 93129 〉 (-)pindolol 〉 ketanserin 〉 isamoltane 〉 mesulergine 〉 corynanthine 〉 buspirone 〉 MDL 72222. Autoradiographic studies were performed on rabbit brain slices using [3H]5-HT in the presence of 100 nmol/1 8-OH-DPAT and mesulergine (in order to mask 5-HT1A and 5-HT1c binding sites) and [125I]CYP (iodocyanopindolol) in the presence of β µmol/I isoprenaline and 100 nmol/l 8-OH-DPAT (in order to mask β adrenoceptor and 5-HT1A binding sites). There was no detectable specific binding of [125I]CYP through the brain, thus excluding the presence of 5-HT1B sites in rabbit brain. By contrast, [3H]5-HT labelled a high density of sites in globus pallidus, substantia nigra and superior colliculus. Other regions displaying labelling include the striatum, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the periaqueductal grey matter. This pattern of distribution is compatible with that reported for 5-HT1D sites in other species. The present data strongly suggest that rabbit brain has recognition sites with the pharmacological profile and distribution characteristic of the 5-HT1D recognition site. These findings are in agreement with results obtained by Limberger et al. (1991), suggesting the terminal 5-HT autoreceptor of the rabbit brain to belong to the 5-HT1D subtype. Except for limited species variations (see Bruinvels et al. 1992), the pharmacology of these sites does not justify an addition to the existing nomenclature (“5-HT1R”), in contrast to what has been proposed by Xiong and Nelson (1989). The rabbit represents another laboratory species in which 5-HT1D receptor mediated effects could be studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: [125I]GTI ; 5-HTID receptors ; Calf ; Guinea-pig ; Dog ; Monkey ; Human brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Radioligand binding studies were performed in membranes of calf caudate, guinea-pig cortex, dog caudate and whole brain, monkey caudate and whole brain, and human caudate using the novel iodinated radioligand, Serotonin-5-O-Carboxymethyl-Glycyl[125I] Tyrosinamide (abbreviated [125I]GTI for the sake of simplicity), a ligand known to label 5-HT 1B and 5-HT 1D sites. In all membrane preparations tested, [125I]GTI labelled high affinity sites with the following rank order of affinity: 5-carboxamidotryptamine 〉 5-HT = DHE = ergotamine 〉- sumatriptan 〉- metergoline = CGS 12066 〉- yohimbine = methysergide 〉- methiothepin 〉 8-OHDPAT 〉_ mianserin 〉- CP 93129 〉- (−)pindolol = ketanserin 〉_ isamoltane = mesulergine 〉- corynanthine = spiperone 〉 MDL 72222. The affinity profiles were very similar in the membranes of the different species, especially in dog, monkey and human brain. The pharmacological profile of [1251]GTI binding (determined with up to 25 different drugs) was fully comparable to the binding profile reported previously in human substantia nigra (using [1251]GTI) or in a variety of brain preparations known to contain 5-HTID sites using [3H]5-HT as a radioligand. Although, the affinity profiles obtained in the various preparations displayed statistically highly significant correlations with slope values close to one, some drugs displayed slight species-related variations in affinity, as already reported in rabbit brain (see Xiong and Nelson 1989; Hoyer et al. 1992, accompanying report). The present report 1) establishes for the first time the pharmacological profile of 5-HT1D sites in dog and monkey brain, 2) shows that the pharmacological characteristics of these sites is indeed very similar in the brain of a variety of species including man, and 3) demonstrates the advantageous features of [1251]GTI as an iodinated 5-HT1D radioligand which can be used without the need to mask the binding to other 5-HT receptor subtypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Asymmetric Syntheses via Heterocyclic Intermediates, XVIII. - On the Enantioselective Synthesis of (2R)-Serines Starting with The Bis(lactim) Ether of Cyclo-(-L-Val-Gly)The lithiated bis(lactim) ether 8a furnishes with aldehydes and ketones in good yields the addition products 11 with (3R) configuration. The asymmetric inductions at C-3 of 11 (d.e. values) amount to more than 95% with ketones, with aldehydes they are somewhat smaller. With unsymmetrical ketones or aldehydes C-3′ also becomes a chiral center. For the (3R)-major diastereomers the „second induction“ at C-3′ varies from about 4 to about 87% (for benzaldehyde or isobutyraldehyde, respectively), preferably the (3R,3′S) epimers are formed. - Acid hydrolysis of 11 yields (besides methyl L-valinate) the (2R)-serine methyl esters 26. Their e.e. values correspond with the d.e. values of 11. - Dehydratation of 11 furnishes the „Hofmann olefins“ 32 and/or the „Saytzeff olefins“ 33 which can be transformed in various ways into optically active amino acids.
    Notes: Der lithiierte Bislactimether 8a liefert mit Aldehyden oder Ketonen in guten Ausbeuten die Produkte 11 mit (3R)-Konfiguration. Die asymmetrischen Induktionen an C-3 (d.-e.-Werte von 11) betragen bei Ketonen mehr als 95%, bei Aldehyden sind sie etwas geringer (Tabelle 1). Bei unsymmetrischen Ketonen oder Aldehyden wird auch C-3′ zu einem Chiralitätszentrum. Bei den (3R)-Hauptdiastereomeren betragen die „Zweitinduktionen“ an C-3′ ca.4 bis ca. 87% (z. B. Benzaldehyd oder Isobutyraldehyd); vorzugsweise entstehen die (3R,3′S)-Epimeren (Tabelle 1). - Bei der sauren Hydrolyse der Addukte 11 erhält man (neben Methyl-L-valinat) die (2R)-Serin-methyl-ester 26, deren e.-e.-Werte an C-2 der asymmetrischen Induktion an C-3 von 11 entsprechen. - Die Dehydratisierung von 11 führt zu den „Hofmann-Olefinen“ 32 und/oder den „Saytzeff-Olefinen“ 33, die verschiedenartig zu optisch aktiven Aminosäuren abwandelbar sind.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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