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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract SEM, EDS and GDOES investigations on ferrous ore and slag samples contribute to the local history of mining and metallurgy. Quantitative X-ray analysis confirms the ore to be limonite. The slag consists of fayalithe and incompletely reduced ore parts (iron scale). Additional calcium and charcoal inclusions were reactants of the bloomery process. The charcoal shows anatomical details of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). A multitude of typical trace elements was detected by GDOES both in ore and slag samples. The comparison of normalised GDOES signals for a series of constituents showed that the ore from the assumed deposit (Euba) was processed in the location (Sternmühlenthal), where the slag was discarded. The process was probably performed in the 17th century.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-736X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A decrease of tracheid lengths as well as of the lumina of early wood has been ascertained in sapwood annual rings smaller than 0.5 mm in width of mature spruce, the wood of which having been subject to heavy damage due to pollution. The late wood was characterized by decreasing cell wall thickness and larger microfibril angles within the cell wall layer The anatomical and structural features of wood distinguished by narrow annual rings have been found both in heavily pollution-damaged trees as well as in trees with comparably narrow annual rings of non-polluted sites. Strength investigations in terms of materials testing according to DIN yielded normal strength values of wood that was not affected by secondary agents. Investigations on particularly small test specimens (Dynstat examinations) up to a minimal annual ring width confirm the known relationships between wood density and impact bending strength. Thus, the wood of spruces growing in the high-altitude belts of the eastern parts of Erz Gebirge may be used without reservations.
    Notes: Im Holz von durch -Immissionen stark geschädigten Altfichten wurden in weniger als 0,5 mm breiten Splintholzjahrringen eine Verringerung der Tracheidenlangen und abnehmende Frühholzzellumina gefunden. Das Spätholz war durch abnehmende Zellwandstärken und flachere Mikrofibrillenwinkel in der Zellwandschicht charakterisiert. Die anatomischen und strukturellen Merkmale des Holzes schmaler Jahrringe wurden sowohl in stark immissions- geschädigten Bäumen als auch in Bäumen mit vergleichbar schmalen Jahrringen auf unbelasteten Standorten gefunden. Festigkeitsuntersuchungen in Form von Werkstoffprüfungen nach DIN zeigten normale Festigkeitswerte in sekundär unbeeinflußtem Holz. Untersuchungen an besonders kleinen Prüfkörpern (Dynstatprüfungen) bestätigen bis zu einer minimalen Jahrringbreite von 0,4 mm die bekannten Beziehungen zwischen Rohdichte und Schlagbiegefestigkeit. Somit kann das Holz von Fichten aus den Hochlagen des Osterzgebirges uneingeschränkt verwendet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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