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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine-1 receptor blockade does not prevent nitroglycerin induced migraine (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 335-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Migraine ; Histamine ; nitric oxide ; glyceryl trinitrate ; cerebral arteries ; transcranial Doppler
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has previously been shown that in migraine sufferers infusion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and histamine causes an immediate headache during the infusion and a genuine migraine attack one to several hours after the infusion. This identical time profile indicates a common mechanism of action. To evaluate whether GTN causes headache via liberation of histamine, we studied the effect of GTN 0.5 ώg · kg−1·min−1 for 20 min in seven migraine sufferers, once after pretreatment with the histamine-1(H1)-receptor blocker mepyramine (0.5 mg · kg−1) and once without pretreatment. This mepyramine dose is known to completely abolish histamine-induced headache. After pretreatment with mepyramine five patients experienced migraine, and without pretreatment six patients did so. The median peak headache score was 7 on a 0–10 scale with and without mepyramine pretreatment. The arterial responses, evaluated with transcranial Doppler, were also unaffected by the mepyramine pretreatment. Our results demonstrate that neither headache nor arterial dilatation due to GTN infusion is caused by histamine release. In all likelihood the common mediator of migraine induction by GTN and histamine is nitric oxide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203773
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine-1 receptor blockade does not prevent nitroglycerin induced migraine Support for the NO-hypothesis of migraine (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 335-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Migraine ; Histamine; nitric oxide ; glyceryl trinitrate ; cerebral arteries ; transcranial Doppler
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has previously been shown that in migraine sufferers infusion of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and histamine causes an immediate headache during the infusion and a genuine migraine attack one to several hours after the infusion. This identical time profile indicates a common mechanism of action. To evaluate whether GTN causes headache via liberation of histamine, we studied the effect of GTN 0.5 μg ⋅ kg−1 ⋅min−1  for 20 min in seven migraine sufferers, once after pretreatment with the histamine-1(H1)-receptor blocker mepyramine (0.5 mg ⋅kg−1 ) and once without pretreatment. This mepyramine dose is known to completely abolish histamine-induced headache. After pretreatment with mepyramine five patients experienced migraine, and without pretreatment six patients did so. The median peak headache score was 7 on a 0–10 scale with and without mepyramine pretreatment. The arterial responses, evaluated with transcranial Doppler, were also unaffected by the mepyramine pretreatment. Our results demonstrate that neither headache nor arterial dilatation due to GTN infusion is caused by histamine release. In all likelihood the common mediator of migraine induction by GTN and histamine is nitric oxide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203773
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of tolerance of headache and radial artery diameter during a 7 hour intravenous infusion of nitroglycerin (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 47-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Nitroglycerin ; Headache ; tolerance ; nitric oxide ; arterial responses ; ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nitroglycerin-(NTG)-induced headache and dilatation of the radial artery were followed in a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in 6 healthy volunteers. NTG 0.5 μg · kg−1 · min−1 or saline were infused IV for 7 h, and subsequently the infusion rate was doubled for 10 min. The radial artery diameter was measured repeatedly with high frequency ultrasound and pain was scored using a 10 point verbal scale. After 5 min of NTG infusion both headache and the arterial diameter differed significantly from baseline, and no further significant change occurred. The intensity of the headache was mild to medium (median headache score 3, range 1–7). The mean dilatation of the radial artery was 36%. The dilatation in each individual, was stable over time, both during NTG and placebo, and it did not change with the double infusion rate. The headache score in each individual was more fluctuan. No tolerance either to the NTG-induced headache or arterial dilatation was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315279
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose-dependent headache response and dilatation of limb and extracranial arteries after three doses of 5-isosorbide-mononitrate (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 31-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: 5-isosorbide-mononitrate ; Headache ; haemodynamics ; vasodilation ; peripheral arteries ; cranial arteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of the present study was to compare the ability of different doses of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (5-ISMN) to cause dilatation of medium sized and small arteries, and to examine the intensity and duration of any headache produced. Ten healthy volunteers each received 3 doses of 5-ISMN and placebo on separate days. The diameters of the radial and superficial temporal arteries were repeatedly measured with high frequency ultrasound and pain was scored using a 10 point verbal scale. A clear dose-relationship was found for plasma concentrations and headache, and for changes in the diameter of the temporal artery, but not for the radial artery. It is concluded that headache after 5-ISMN is caused by arterial dilatation or by mechanisms responsible for the arterial dilatation. Ultrasound monitoring of arterial diameters is an important and sensitive tool in the evaluation of nitrates and other vasodilators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314916
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symptoms of classic migraine attacks: Modifications brought about by metoprolol (1988)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 8 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is little information available concerning whether, and to what extent, migraine-prophylactic agents interfere with the symptoms of migraine attacks. The present study is a placebo-controlled, double-blind study concerning metoprolol in classic migraine. The data refer to the symptoms of single migraine attacks. During metoprolol treatment more attacks were characterized as mild (p = 0.002), and mean global rating (an integrated estimate of headache intensity and of other discomfort) was lower (4.2 versus 5.2, p = 0.003). The mean headache intensity per attack (1.97 versus 2.15) and the mean duration (5.5 versus 6.8 h) were not significantly different. Consumption of analgesics per attack was lower during metoprolol treatment (0.6 versus 1.1; p = 0.02). Attacks with associated symptoms accompanying the headache were fewer during metoprolol treatment (p = 0.014). Total visual and non-visual aura symptoms occurred with similar frequency, but scintillations and paraesthesia were more frequent during metoprolol treatment, whereas speech disturbances were less frequent. In spite of lower consumption of analgesics, the symptoms appeared milder during metoprolol than during placebo. The pattern of changes indicates that metoprolol exerts its action via the sympathetic nervous system; peripheral vasoconstriction is hardly the underlying mechanism of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1988.0804279.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Migraine without aura and migraine with aura are distinct clinical entities: a study of four hundred and eighty-four male and female migraineurs from the general population (1996)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The clinical characteristics of migraine without aura (MO) and migraine with aura (MA) were compared in 484 migraineurs from the general population. We used the criteria of the International Headache Society. The lifetime prevalence of MO was 14.7% with a M:F ratio of 1:2.2; that of MA was 7.9% with a M:F ratio of 1:1.5. The female preponderance was significant in both MO and MA. The female preponderance was present in all age groups in MA, but was first apparent after menarche in MO, suggesting that female hormones are an initiating factor in MO, but not likely so in MA. The age at onset of MO followed a normal distribution, whereas the age at onset of MA was bimodally distributed, which could be explained by a composition of two normal distributions. The estimated separation between the two groups of MA was at age 26 years among the females and age 31 years among the males. The observed number of persons with co-occurrence of MO and MA was not significantly different from the expected number. The specificity and importance of premonitory symptoms are questioned, but prospective studies are needed. Bright light was a precipitating factor in MA, but not in MO. Menstruation was a precipitating factor in MO, but not likely in MA. Both MO and MA improved during pregnancy. The clinical differences indicate that MO and MA are distinct entities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1604239.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitroglycerin-induced headache is not dependent on histamine release: support for a direct nociceptive action of nitric oxide (1994)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The molecular mechanisms of migraine pain have not yet been clarified. Monoamine and the peptide neurotransmitters involved in neurogenic inflammation do not cause significant head pain. Our previous studies of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and histamine-induced headaches have suggested that nitric oxide (NO) is the causative molecule in migraine pain. We furthermore suggest that substances capable of inducing experimental vascular headache do so via a common mediator which is NO. Finally, it is suggested that drugs exert their antimigraine activity by inhibiting NO or subsequent steps in the cascade of intracellular reactions triggered by NO. These novel observations change current views on vascular headache mechanisms and the importance of NO as an initiator of the migraine attacks dictates new approaches to the pharmacological treatment of migraine and other vascular headaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.1406437.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The family history of migraine. Direct versus indirect information (1996)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Migraine assessed by proband report was evaluated in a family study of migraine. A clinical interview of spouses and first-degree relatives by a physician was used as an index of validity. The operational diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society were used. Of the 378 probands from the general population, 126 had migraine without aura, 127 had migraine with aura, 17 had both migraine without aura and migraine with aura and 108 had never had migraine. Spouses (n = 229) and first-degree relatives (n = 1109) were included in the analyses. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and chance-corrected agreement rate for the diagnosis of migraine were 49%, 93%, 81% (PVpos), 77% (PVneg) and 0.47, respectively. The corresponding values for migraine without aura were 58%, 87%, 63% (PVpos), 84% (PVneg) and 0.46 respectively, while the values for migraine with aura were 52%, 88%, 61%, (PVpos), 83%, (PVneg) and 0.42, respectively. Migraine assessed by proband report is not satisfactory for diagnosing migraine in relatives, since the number of affected relatives is highly underestimated. Our results emphasize the necessity of a clinical interview of the relatives in family studies of migraine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1603156.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a nitric oxide donor (glyceryl trinitrate) on nociceptive thresholds in man (1996)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Several animal studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in central and peripheral modulation of nociception. Glyceryl trinitrate GTN) exerts its physiological actions via donation of NO. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of this NO donor on nociceptive thresholds in man. On two different study days separated by at least , week 12 healthy subjects received a staircase infusion of GTN (0.015, 0.25. 1.0 ,2.0 mg/kg/min. 20 min each dose) or placebo in a randomized double-blind crossover design. Before the infusion and after 15 min of infusion on each dose, pressure pain detection and tolerance thresholds were determined by pressure a gometry (Somomedic AB, Sweden) in three different anatomic regions (finger, a temporal region with interposed myofascial tissue and a temporal region without interposed myofascial tissue. Relative to placebo, the three higher GTN doses induced a decrease in both detection and tolerance thresholds in the temporal region with interposed myofascial tissue (p=0.003 detection and p=0.002 tolerance threshold: Friedman). No such changes were observed in the other two stimulated regions. These results could reflect central facilitation of nociception by NO. However, we regard convergence, of nociceptive input from pericranial myofascial tissue and from cephalic blood vessels dilated by NO as a more likely, explanation of our findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1603169.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histamine inhalation is a specific but insensitive laboratory test for migraine (1996)
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Migraine is a subjective complaint and no laboratory test has until now been of value. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether histamine inhalation may be used as a diagnostic test for migraine. In a double blind study design, 15 migra neurs and 15 control subjects scored headache intensity and characteristics before, during, and in the subsequent 12 h after inhalation of increasing doses of histamine (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg/ml). During the histamine inhalations, headaches increased dose-dependently in both groups Eleven of the migraineurs and eight of the healthy controls experienced headaches after the inhalations These headaches fulfilled the IHS criteria for migraine without aura in six of the migraineurs, but in none of the control subjects. Using this as a test parameter, the specificity of the test was 1, but the sensitivity was only 0.4. Our results indicate that histamine inhalation is a specific but insensitive laboratory test for migraine. Migraineurs should be informed about the risk of a migraine attack being provoked before histamine inhalation in pulmonary laboratories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1996.1608550.x
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