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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokines and Adherence Molecules Involved in Spontaneous Dendritic Cell-Lymphocyte Clustering in Skin Afferent Lymph (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 42 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The skin afferent lymph dendritic cell (DC) spontaneously forms clusters with autologous T cells. The role of adhesion molecules and cytokines in this process was investigated. Analysis of the expression of adhesion receptors on the canine peripheral lymph DC revealed the presence of CD54, CD58, CD18 as well as CD49d and CD49e molecules and cell surface fibronectin. The CD54 and CD58 molecules were found to play a key role in the ‘spontaneous’ lymph cell clustering. Antibody against fibronectin, a substrate for CD49d and CD49e receptors, reduced DC-lymphocyte binding. Analysis of the effect of cytokines revealed that the pro-inflammatory IL1β rather than ILlα, and TNFα may be responsible for the enhanced lymph cell in vitro clustering. The IL6 had no such augmenting effect. The enhancing effect of endogenous ILlβ present in lymph was reduced by the ILlβ neutralizing antibody. The effect of exogenously added ILlβ was also limited by the IL1 receptor antagonist. The ILlRa alone had no effect on cell binding, even when used in the high doses. Neutralizing of ILlRa in lymph with the specific antibody brought about augmented cluster formation. The enhancing properties of TNFα on cell binding were reduced by the TNFα neutralizing antibody. The IL10 significantly limited lymph DC cluster formation with T cells. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that the present in lymph IL1β and TNFα may be responsible for the observed in vitro enhanced cluster formation of lymph DC with autologous T lymphocytes. Cell binding can be reduced by ILlRa and by IL10. It provides insight into the potential clinical use of these inhibitors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03663.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Normal Human Immune Peritoneal Cells: Subpopulations and Functional Characteristics (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Normal human peritoneal cells collected during elective laparatomy from patients with gallbladder stones without clinically detectable inflammatory changes were characterized phenotypically with immunocytochemical method and flow cytometry, with special attention paid to the presence of memory cells. The responsiveness of normal PCs to mitogen and, specifically, the role of peritoneal macrophages in this process was studied. The peritoneal cells consisted of 45% of monocytes/macrophages (CD68+), as many as CD2+ T lymphocytes, 8% CD57+ NK and K 2% CD22+ B, cells. The CD4/CD8 ratio was 0.4. The peritoneal cells did not express interleukin-2 (CD25+) and transferrin receptors (CD71+) on their surface. Approximately 49% of the peritoneal cells were class II MHC antigen positive cells. Two per cent of S100+ dendritic cells were found. Flow cytometric two-colour analysis revealed that the majority of peritoneal CD4+ (92.4%) and CD8+ (73.1%) lymphocytes, while only 50.2% of CD4+ and 30.1% CD8+ peripheral blood cells expressed simultaneously the CD45RO (UCHL1) molecule, which is characteristic to the memory/effector T-cell subpopulation. Peritoneal T lymphocytes responded to the mitogens less than peripheral blood lymphocytes of the same individual. Supplementation of cell culture with anti-macrophage (anti-CD68) and anti-HLA-DR MoAb brought about a dose-dependent decrease of proliferative peritoneal cell response to ConA. The authors conclude that human peritoneal cell population comprises a high proportion of T lymphocytes and macrophages capable of presenting antigens to peritoneal lymphocytes. High prevalence of memory lymphocytes points to the preparedness of these cells to react with invading antigens most likely of gut bacterial origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-297.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liver Sinusoidal Blood Containing Natural Killer-Like Cells (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rat liver sinusoidal washout cells were examined. These cells, which arc marginated in sinusoids, could he washed out by simple flushing of the vasculature with culture media without enzymes and under physiological portal pressure. They revealed, in comparison to peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which cytotoxic activity commonly attributed to the natural killer (SK) and natural cytotoxic (NC) cells, and were found to be anti-asialo-GM1-negative. Liver sinusoidal Cytotoxic cell (LSCC) activity has been found to be associated with the large granular lymphocytes in low-density cells in OX8-positive as well as in OX8-negative populations. The mononuclear cells washed out from the liver microvasculature could be stimulated with NK-sensitive targets to release soluble factors which selectively lyse YAC-I tumour cells and inhibit growth of normal haematopoietic granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells in vitro. The cytotoxic cell population in the liver turned out to be blood-borne in origin and not resident Our findings suggest that liver sinusoidal cytotoxic cells represent an NK population with a predilection for marginating in the liver and may be important in eliminating tumour or virus infected cells passing through the liver from the circulation. The mechanism of their accumulation in liver sinusoids remains unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1989.tb01121.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immune Events in Skin. I. Spontaneous Cluster Formation of Dendritic (Veiled) Cells and Lymphocytes from Skin Lymph (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 35 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To investigate the mechanism of spontaneous attachment of afferent lymph lymphocytes to dendritic cells, cells from canine skin lymph were used. There were 3.3 ± 2.8% of veiled cells in clusters found in lymph flowing from the cannulated lymph vessel. The number of clusters forming ex vivo in the collected lymph samples increased as a function of time and was temperature dependent. Incubation of cells with proteolytic enzymes or monosaccharides did not alter cell interactions. The ability of veiled cells to bind lymphocytes was independent of divalent cations but reduced by xylocaine and retinoic acid. Among steroids only methylprednisolone showed an inhibitory effect on cluster formation, Indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid had no blocking activity on cell binding. Also, no effect was seen after treatment with cycosporine A and azathioprine. An enhanced cluster formation after desialation with neuraminidase was observed The desialated cells were cultured in order to study their stimulatory and accessory cell functions. No enhancement of autologous mixed leucocyte reaction was seen, but a significantly higher responsiveness to a suboptimal dose of phytohaemagglutinin was observed. The N-ase-mediated non-specific cell attachment could be abrogated by cell washing or treatment with EDTA or xylocaine.This study indicates that cluster formation by skin lymph veiled cells and lymphocytes is a spontaneous process which cannot be controlled by means usually effective in regulating the in vitro induced clustering of antigen-stimulated cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb02981.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BALLISTIC DEFORMATION OF BISPHENOL-A POLYCARBONATE (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 371 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb55677.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anelastic and Plastic Response of Polymers (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 484 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb49582.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved microsurgical course for a mixed group of surgeons (1981)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 5 (1981), S. 285-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Tout bon chirurgien, s'il est décidé à apprendre la microchirurgie, peut en acquérir les principes, même si les cours organisés dans ce but reçoivent des participants de formation et d'expérience très variable et même si les ouvrages de référence sont peu nombreux. Pour la formation de base, il faut un texte valable, un programme d'application pratique de qualité et un instructeur entraîné. Les moyens audiovisuels sont fort utiles. Il est possible d'apprendre en quelques jours toutes les techniques, depuis la plus simple, l'anastomose vasculaire, jusqu'aux plus complexes, comme la transplantation d'organe chez les rongeurs. Les cours de 7 à 10 jours devraient être répétés chaque année pour permettre aux participants de perfectionner leur maîtrise technique. De plus, pendant ce cours annuel, une journée, ou une demi-journée, peut être consacrée à un programme scientifique de microchirurgie qui stimule les jeunes et permet les échanges d'information scientifique et clinique.
    Notes: Abstract Although the participants in the various microsurgical courses were of varied backgrounds and experience, and published materials that can serve as an adequate text are limited, the principles of microsurgery can be learned by skilled surgeons determined to become microsurgeons. Fundamental training depends upon the proper text and suitable models for practice under the guidance of a properly trained microsurgeon instructor. In particular, audiovisual aids are of substantial value. Techniques from the fundamental, simple vascular anastomosis to highly sophisticated organ transplantation in rodents may be mastered in a course of several days' duration. A 7- to 10-day course should be repeated annually to enable participants to polish their skills. Further, during an annual course, a half to whole day can be set aside for a microsurgical scientific program to allow exchange of scientific and clinical information, and to stimulate junior participants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01658317
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermobarometric and40Ar/39Ar geochronologic constraints on Eohimalayan metamorphism in the Dinggyê area, southern Tibet (1994)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 117 (1994), S. 151-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Mineral assemblages in the Dinggyê area of southern Tibet (28°N; 88°E) provide new insights regarding the poorly understood “Eohimalayan” metamorphic event in the eastern Himalayan orogen. Major element partitioning thermobarometry of pelitic rocks indicates temperatures of 750–830 K at depths of 14±3 km, consistent with the presence of kyanite, sillimanite, and andalusite schists in the area. Laser and resistance furnace40Ar/39Ar analyses of hornblendes from intercalated amphibolites yield closure ages of 25 Ma. Overlap between the probable range of Ar closure temperatures for these hornblendes and the metamorphic temperatures estimated through thermobarometry suggests that Eohimalayan metamorphism in the Dinggyê area occurred in Late Oligocene time, no more than about 10 million years before the main or “Neohimalayan” phase of metamorphism in Early to Middle Miocene time. Muscovite, biotite, and K-feldspar40Ar/39Ar ages indicate an important episode of rapid cooling between 16 and 13 Ma, which is interpreted as a signature of tectonic denudation related to movement on N-dipping extensional structures of the South Tibetan detachment system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286839
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatocyte transplantation – granulocytes and mononuclear cells recognize the surface of isolated autologous hepatocytes as non-self and destroy them (1998)
    Springer
    Transplant international 11 (1998), S. S367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Hepatocyte ; Transplantation ; Granulocyte ; Monocyte ; Cytotoxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Successful transplantation of hepatocytes (HC) is hampered by lack of a proper cellular (stromal) and humoral (cytokines) environment at the site of implantation. We have found that another factor responsible for the low survival rate of transplanted HC is their rapid destruction by host granulocytes. In this study we have investigated the mechanism of the rapid elimination of transplanted hepatocytes in a syngeneic and allogeneic recipient. Only 10 % of the radioactivity of syngeneic (LEW-LEW) or allogeneic (BN-LEW) HC was recovered in recipient lymphoid tissues 6 h after i. v. infusion. Pretreatment of the recipient with Endoxan or sublethal irradiation brought about an increased accumulation of HC radioactivity in lungs and spleen, indicating the entrament of live cells in these organs. Only a few HC could be seen in the liver 6 h after intraportal infusion. Granulocytes were found to be cytotoxic to HC in vitro (39 %). Monoclonal antibodies to class I and II antigens, CD 11/18 and 54, did not block the granulocyte cytotoxicity. Granulocyte and HC cluster formation could be seen on smears from a drop of mixed cultures, the rates of formation increasing with the time of incubation. Two out of 34 monoclonal antibodies to HC surface molecules partly blocked the granulocyte cytotoxicity. No evident differences in the elimination rate and in in vitro cytotoxicity were seen between the syngeneic and allogeneic HC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050500
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tolerance induction following allogeneic vascularized bone marrow transplantation – the possible role of microchimerism (1998)
    Springer
    Transplant international 11 (1998), S. S299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Tolerance ; Allograft ; Bone marrow ; Microchimerism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have noticed that bone marrow transplanted in a vascularized limb graft, providing a continuous supply of donor bone marrow cells (BMC), may prolong the survival time of a skin graft from the same donor. The question arises whether the microchimerism raised plays a role in the prolonged survival of skin allografts. The aim of the study was to follow the development of microchimerism after allogeneic vascularized bone marrow transplantation (VBMTx) concomitantly with the rejection process of transplanted skin. Brown Norway (BN) rats served as donors and Lewis rats as recipients of VBMTx and free skin flap allografts. A hind limb was transplanted, followed by a full-thickness skin graft on the dorsum. Cellular microchimerism was investigated in recipients of VBMTx and skin grafts in blood, spleen, mesenteric lymph node, and bone marrow with the monoclonal antibody OX27 directed against MHC class I polymorphic RT1 on BN cells and quantitatively analyzed in a FACStar. In the VBMTx group, the free skin flap survived 70 days after weaning off cyclosporine A (CsA). An intravenous infusion of BMC in suspension equivalent to that grafted in the hind limb did not prolong skin graft survival after cessation of CsA therapy. Donor-derived cells could be detected in VBMTx recipients as long 70 days after weaning off CsA but not in recipients of i. v. suspension BMC grafting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050483
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