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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oral slow-release terbutaline on early morning dyspnoea (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 159-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: terbutaline ; asthma ; slow-release formulation ; early morning dyspnoea ; side-effects ; serum terbutaline level
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eight male patients with partly reversible airflow obstruction, who had a diurnal variation in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) of more than 20% were treated with placebo and slow-release terbutaline tablets (5 mg at 08.00 hours and 10 mg at 20.00 hours) for 8 days. On Day 8 of each period, PEFR and serum terbutaline were measured at 4 and 2-h intervals, respectively. PEFR on the terbutaline day showed a significant increase at 08.00, 12.00, 24.00, 04.00 and 08.00 hours as compared to the placebo day. Slow-release terbutaline prevented early morning dyspnoea. The serum concentration was 3.3 ng/ml during the day and 3.5 ng/ml during the night. During terbutaline therapy the patients reported fewer complaints than during the placebo period. It was concluded that slow-release terbutaline tablets are suitable for twice daily treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609685
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased numbers of dendritic cells in the bronchial mucosa of atopic asthmatic patients: downregulation by inhaled corticosteroids (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APC) and stimulators of T cells. Dendritic cells are also likely to be essential for the initiation of allergic immune responses in the lung. However, there are not many data on the presence of dendritic cells in the airways of patients with atopic asthma and on the effects of corticosteroid-treatment on such dendritic cells.Objective We investigated the distribution of dendritic cells in the bronchial epithelium and mucosa of 16 non-smoking atopic asthmatic patients and eight healthy control subjects using detailed immunohistochemistry (CD l a, HLA-DR, L25 as markers for dendritic cells).Methods Eleven asthmatics were treated for 2.5 years with bronchodilators only and five with bronchodilators and inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), 800 μg daily. The patients were randomly sampled from a double-blind multicentre study. Results There were higher numbers of CD la+ DC (P = 0.003), L25+ DC (P = 0.002) and HLA-DR expression (P = 0.042) in the bronchial mucosa of asthmatic patients compared with healthy controls. After 2.5 years of treatment, we found a significant increase in fiow expiratory volume in I second (FEV1) (P = 0.009) and a significant decrease in hyperresponsiveness (PC20 histamine) (P= 0.013) in the corticosteroid group (n = 5) compared with the bronchodilator group (n= 11). This dinical improvement in the corticosteroid-treated group was accompanied by significantly lower numbers of CDla+ DC (P = 0.008), and HLA-DR expression (P- 0.028) in the bronchial mucosa than in the bronchodilator-treated group.Conclusion Our data suggest that dendritic cells are involved in asthmatic inflammation and that corticosteroids may downregulute the number of dendritic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00571.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comments on defining the asthma phenotype (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00412.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dutch approach to the study of the genetics of asthma (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00418.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for linkage of total serum IgE and bronchial hyperresponsiveness to chromosome 5q: a major regulatory locus important in asthma (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00430.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adrenergic response in children with asthma on exogenous stimuli (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In asthmatic children it was investigated whether the degree of impairment of the adrenergic response on exogenous stimuli is related to the magnitude of the 24-hour amplitude in airflow obstructions. Urinary-adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion after house dust mite (HDM) inhalation and after exercise was measured. Nine children with (group I), and nine without increased airflow obstruction overnight (group II) and nine age matched healthy children (group C) were included in the study. All patients showed an early obstructive reaction (EOR) after HDM challenge. Six children in group I and five in group II developed an EOR on exercise. A Significant increase in urinary adrenaline excretion was observed after exercise in the control group (P〈0.05, values on the control and challenge day being 5.4±0.9 and 10.0±1.6 μmol mol creat.). The same occurred for noradrenaline (P〈0.01, values being 28.2±2.5 and 49.0±5.7 μmol mol creat.). Adrenergic response after both stimuli was impaired in the asthmatic groups, in group I more pronounced than in group II. Values from group I for adrenaline on the control day. HDM and exercise challenge were 6.0±0.8, 4.7±0.6, 6.0±1.0 and for noradrenaline 36.1±2.7, 27.2±2.3, 38.4±4.9 μmol mol creat., respectively. Values from group II for adrenaline on these days were 5.6±1.0, 3.7±0.6 and 9.0±1.3 and for noradrenaline 28.3±3.2, 22.4±2.5, 41.3±5.9 μmol/mol creat., respectively. The results of this study suggest that the degree of impairment of the adrenergic response on exercise in asthmatic children is related to the magnitude of the 24 hr amplitude in pulmonary function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb03027.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered β2-adrenergic regulation of T cell activity after allergen challenge in asthma (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Airway inflammation in asthma is orchestrated by recruitment of T helper (Th)2 lymphocytes to the lung and subsequent production of Th2-like cytokines upon allergen challenge.Objective To examine whether allergen-induced dysfunction of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) contributes to the enhanced T(h2) cell activity in asthma.Methods β2-adrenergic regulation of cytokine mRNA expression was studied in α-CD3/α-CD28-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from seven asthma patients before and 6 h after allergen challenge, in conjunction with the effects of β2-agonist fenoterol on T cell chemotaxis and signalling pathways.Results A complete loss of β2-AR control over expression of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, but not of the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ, was observed after allergen challenge. Furthermore, we found impaired β2-AR regulation of T cell migration as well as signal transduction pathways, i.e. the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element binding protein and the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The loss of β2-AR control was associated with increased β-adrenergic receptor kinase expression, which might be involved in β2-AR desensitization. In addition, we demonstrate for the first time that T cells exposed to the chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine show hyporesponsiveness to fenoterol.Conclusion Our results suggest that allergen-induced loss of β2-AR control, possibly mediated by chemokine release, plays an important role in enhanced Th2-like activity in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02037.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Provocation with adenosine 5′-monophosphate as a marker of inflammation in asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01385.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sibling effect on atopy in children of patients with asthma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Multiple population studies have shown the presence of a sibling effect on atopic disease. However, it is unclear if the sibling effect is also of importance in subjects who are genetically at high risk for the development of atopy.Objective To study the presence of a sibling effect on markers of atopy (serum total IgE, specific IgE, skin tests) and asthma (bronchial hyper-responsiveness to histamine) in families ascertained through a parent with asthma.Methods First-degree offspring in 200 asthma families were studied (n = 541). Mixed effects regression models were used to account for the dependence of the observations within a family, and to adjust for possible confounding variables.Results Multiple regression analysis showed that having older siblings was inversely related to atopy, defined as ≥ 2, ≥ 3, ≥ 4, or ≥ 5 skin tests (P = 0.07–0.009). In addition, family size (number of siblings) had a significant protective effect on the presence of specific IgE to common aeroallergens (P = 0.03). Exposure to cigarette smoke in the first 3 years of life significantly increased the risk of having specific IgE to common aeroallergens (P = 0.04). No sibling effect was detected for serum total IgE or bronchial hyper-responsiveness to histamine.Conclusions This study shows a protective sibling effect on the presence and severity of atopy but not on bronchial hyper-responsiveness in children who are genetically at risk. The identification of the sibling effect in high-risk families stresses the need to understand the basis of this effect, in order to design future prevention programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01591.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk factors for atopic dermatitis in infants at high risk of allergy: the PIAMA study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background It has been suggested that the period immediately after birth is a sensitive period for the development of atopic disease.Objective We investigated whether birth characteristics and environmental factors are associated with the development of atopic dermatitis in the first year of life.Methods Seventy-six children with and 228 without atopic dermatitis, all children of mothers with respiratory allergy or asthma (PIAMA birth cohort study) were included in the study. Atopic dermatitis was defined as a positive history of an itchy skin condition with at least two of the following characteristics: visible dermatitis, history of outer arms/leg involvement, or general dry skin. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to study the independent effects of various risk factors.Results A birth weight 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:09547894:CEA1751:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉4000 g compared to 3000–4000 g was a significant risk factor for atopic dermatitis (odds ratio (OR)=2.4; 95% CI: 1.1–5.1) as was day care attendance (OR=2.9; 95% CI: 1.5–5.9). Exclusive breastfeeding in the first 3 months was negatively associated with atopic dermatitis (OR=0.6; 95% CI: 0.3–1.2), especially with visible dermatitis (OR=0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–1.0). Gender, gestational age, the presence of siblings or pets, and parental smoking were not significantly associated with atopic dermatitis.Conclusion This study shows that a high birth weight and day care attendance increase the risk of atopic dermatitis in the first year of life, while exclusive breastfeeding is a protective factor when dermatitis is found on inspection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01751.x
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