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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Nous avons étudié le pied de 181 enfants présentant 204 hypoplasies des membres inférieurs. Sous 17 fémurs courts congénitaux (11 enfants) non égalisables, 13 pieds étaient anormaux. Le pied doit dans ce cas être adapté à l'appareillage. Trente-quatre enfants (34 pieds) présentaient des hypoplasies égalisables à prédominance fémorale; 21 pieds étaient presque normaux, 13 pieds étaient anormaux sous une hypoplasie de jambe associée (valgus équin, synostoses de l'arrière pied, aplasies des rayons externes). Soixante-douze enfants (76 pieds) avaient comme malformation prédominante une hypoplasie du rayon externe de jambe. La fonction du pied dépend alors surtout de l'état de la pince bimalléolaire. Chez 34 enfants (35 pieds), la cheville était stable et bien axée, mais 22 fois en dôme; 9 pieds ont du être réaxés chirurgicalement, avant tout allongement de jambe. Les 22 allongements de jambe ont provoqué 13 déformations du pied nécessitant des corrections chirurgicales. Chez 38 enfants (41 pieds), la pince bimalléolaire n'existait pas (agénésie du péroné), le pied était en valgus équin, souvent étroit, seuls 5 pieds n'avaient pas de synostose: 23 pieds (22 enfants) ont subi une reposition précoce du pied avec arthrodèse intra-épiphysaire tibiotarsienne. C'est l'opération que nous préconisons avant tout allongement. Le pied prend part dans ces cas pour 1 à 3 cm au pronostic d'inégalité de longueur. Trente-sept pieds (27 enfants) siègeaient sous une hypoplasie du rayon interne. Dans les formes sévères d'hypoplasie du rayon interne, les pieds étaient bots varus équin et 5 fois existaient des duplications partielles. Dans les formes avec absence totale de tibia (19 pieds), la désarticulation du genou nous parait nécessaire. Quand existe un moignon de tibia (12 cas), le pied peut trouver sa place sous un péroné transloqué sous le tibia (9 fois). Seuls deux pieds sont actuellement conservés sous des jambes en cours d'allongement. Chez 30 enfants, 33 pieds, sous des hypoplasies du rayon moyen, ont une bonne fonction malgré la fréquence des anomalies structurales: tibiotarsiennes en dôme (22 fois) pieds étroits (28 fois), synostoses de l'arrière-pied. Enfin, 7 pieds étaient malformés sous des hypoplasies du membre inférieur inclassables. L'état du pied est donc important dans les hypoplasies des membres inférieurs. Il peut aider à l'appareillage quand le membre inférieur n'est pas égalisable. Quand l'égalisation est possible, support des jambes allongées, il doit être et rester chaussable et à plat.
    Notes: Summary We have studied 204 feet in 181 children with congenital limb shortening. There were 17 short femurs in 11 children in whom it was impossible to lengthen the leg. Thirteen feet were abnormal. It was necessary to adapt the foot to fit the chosen prosthesis. In 34 children it was possible to correct the length of the short femur. In 21 the feet were normal. 13 had abnormal feet associated with fibular aplasia and deformities included equinovalgus, hind foot synostosis, and deficient rays. In 72 children with congenital hypoplasia or aplasia of the fibula, 76 feet were affected. The function of the foot depends on attaining a stable position beneath the tibia. In 34 children (35 feet), the feet were in a stable position. There were 22 ball and socket ankle joints. Before carrying out leg lengthening, operation was necessary on 9 feet, and a further 13 required operation after lengthening had been carried out. In 34 children (41 feet) there was fibular aplasia. The feet lay in equinovalgus and were often narrow. Only 5 did not have a degree of synostosis. Twenty-three feet in twenty two children were operated on with early soft tissue release, tendon transfer and tibiotalar arthrodesis. This is our treatment of choice. Twenty-seven children had tibial dysplasia which affected 37 feet. The feet lay in equinovarus and in 5 there was partial diplopodia. In the absence of a tibia (19 feet) disarticulation of the knee was carried out. In 12 there was proximal shortening of the tibia which in 9 cases was treated by tibiofibular union. It was possible to retain only 2 feet in a proper position in a lengthened leg. In 30 children (33 feet) both fibular and tibial hypoplasia was present. The feet functioned well. There were 22 ball and socket ankles, 28 narrow feet and numerous synostoses. In limbs with atypical dysplasia 7 abnormal feet were noted. If it is possible to preserve or lengthen the limb it is vital that the foot is retained in a stable position beneath the tibia in order that satisfactory function be obtained. If limb lengthening is impossible, the foot must be adapted to match the prosthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Femur ; Congenital deformity ; Van Nes procedure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Six ostéoplasties de retournement du membre inférieur selon Van Nes ont été faites dans cinq cas d'aplasie proximale et un cas d'hypoplasie du fémur chez des enfants de 5 à 11 ans ayant un pied normal ou presque. L'intervention doit comprendre: une arthrodèse du genou, un accourcissement soigneusement calculé pour amener le »pied-genou« en fin de croissance à hauteur du genou opposé, et une dérotation jambière de 180° faite de préférence en sens horaire. Les complications se sont limitées à trois parésies transitoires du sciatique poplité externe. La nécessité d'une reprise de dérotation ne survient que si l'intervention est faite tôt dans l'enfance et /ou si la dérotation est réalisée en sens anti-horaire (3 cas). L'âge idéal de l'opération parait être de 8 à 10 ans. L'appareillage reste souvent long du fait de l'instabilité pelvi-fémorale due à la malformation. Les résultats sont très satisfaisants avec une force et une mobilité du »pied-genou« améliorant considérablement la fonction et l'élégance de la démarche. Les indications sont rares et limitées à certains cas de malformations fémorales, autrement condamnées à une prothèse rigide ou à une amputation pour appareillage.
    Notes: Summary Six rotation-plasties, as described by Van Nes, have been carried out in children between 5 and 11 years of age, 5 of whom had congenital defects of the proximal femur, and the other femoral hypoplasia. The operation involved arthrodesis of the knee, accurate shortening of the leg so that the ankle would be at the same level as the opposite knee at the end of growth, and clockwise derotation of the leg through 180°. The only complications encountered were 3 transient palsies of the peroneal nerve. Rerotation was only required if the operation was performed in early childhood, or if it had been carried out counterclockwise. The ideal age for operation seems to be between 8 and 10 years of age. The results are satisfactory. Function and gait are improved. The prothesis may need to be long because of the pelvi-femoral instability associated with the basic deformity. The operation is indicated in some children with congenital abnormalities of the femur who would otherwise require a rigid brace or an amputation to accomodate a prothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Congenital vertical talus ; Operative treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le pied bot convexe congénital est défini par un équin irréductible de l'astragale et par une luxation dorsale irréductible du scaphoïde sur la tête de l'astragale. A côté de la pronation classique de l'avant pied, il existe une supination de l'avant pied dans un quart des cas. Parmi les 51 enfants de cette série, 20 avaient une atteinte bilatérale et 34 avaient des troubles neurologiques et/ou des malformations associés. Le diagnostic doit être fait dans les premières semaines de la vie pour permettre un traitement précoce. Il est essentiellement radiologique et repose surtout sur des clichés dynamiques de profil en équin et en talus forcé. La classification radiologique en 3 groupes de Pouliquen et Rigault a un intérêt pronostic et permet de poser des indications thérapeutiques en tenant compte de l'âge de l'enfant. Le traitement est essentiellement chirurgical. Il repose surtout sur le «Rechaussement-reposition» dont nous avons 48 cas, suivi d'un temps postérieur systématique, 6 semaines plus tard. Les résultats sont bons, moyens et mauvais, chacun, dans un tiers des cas. Les indications de l'astragalectomie réalisée seulement dans 3 cas devraient à notre avis être élargies au pied dont les déformations de l'astragale sont trop importantes, surtout si l'enfant est âgé.
    Notes: Summary We have studied 71 feet with Congenital Vertical Talus in 51 patients. The condition is characterised by two fixed deformities, equinus of the hindfoot with a vertical talus and dislocation of the mid tarsal joint due to malposition of the navicular with respect to the head of the talus. The forefoot is usually everted, but lay in inversion in 25% of our cases. The deformity must be recognised within a few weeks of birth, and the diagnosis is facilitated by radiographs taken in extreme dorsiflexion and plantarflexion. The radiographic appearances allow classification of the deformity into three groups which aid in the choice of the correct management. Treatment is by operation. We have performed 48 open reductions, followed by lengthening of the Achilles tendon six weeks later. Our results can be equally divided into good, fair and poor. We have excised the talus on three occasions only, but we feel that this operation may well be useful in the presence of marked deformity of the talus, particularly in the older child.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 16 (1986), S. 475-482 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thigh pain is a serious condition in childhood and should be promptly and thoroughly investigated. Twenty-five cases of thigh pain lasting between 1 day and 7 months with mid-femoral periosteal thickening were analysed. There were 10 patients with Ewing's sarcoma, 7 with eosinophilic granuloma, 1 with osteoid osteoma, 1 with leukaemia, 3 with osteomyelitis, 1 with myositis and 2 with post-traumatic periosteal reaction. It was shown that patients with Ewing's sarcoma and eosinophilic granuloma have certain patterns of X-ray changes of high diagnostic value, which allow a proper diagnosis in most cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 20 (1989), S. 95-95 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 20 (1990), S. 175-178 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The MR aspects of spondylodiscitis in pediatric patients were studied with a 0.5-Tesla supraconductive magnet: 12 patients were divided in two groups; acute disease (9) and period of sequelae (3). The first group was divided into two subgroups according to the age and the clinical findings: infants (2) and children (7). In infants, MR gave good visualization of the destruction of vertebrae and discs. Presuppurative abscesses appeared as light signals, their extent and position relative to the cord being clearly visualized in frontal and sagittal planes in T1-weighted images. In older children, there were a low vertebral signal and disappearance of the disc-vertebra borders on T1-weighted images and a high vertebral signal with a decreased and flattened disc signal on T2-weighted images. Frontal and sagittal planes were used. During the first month of antibiotic therapy, the follow-up scans showed no changes, and even disclosed a spread of the abnormal signal in the vertebral body. At the stage of sequelae, on T1 the spinal signal was normal with a decreased disc width and on T2 the disc signal was low while the vertebrae appeared normal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-one primary bone tumours of the hand in children from 8 paediatric hospitals are reported. Osteochondromas and enchondromas were not included. Our material consisted of 16 patients withcommon tumours (3 Ewing's sarcoma, 5 aneurysmal bone cyst, 6 osteoid osteoma and 2 epidermoid cyst) and 5 patients withuncommon tumours (osteoma, simple bone cyst, haemangiopericytoma, capillary angiomatous tumour and benign ossifying fibroma or osteoblastoma). The X-ray diagnosis of thecommon tumours should have high concordance with histology, whereas that ofuncommon tumours is much more difficult and uncertain. The characteristic features of Ewing's sarcoma are stressed as all our children with this tumour had a delayed diagnosis and a fatal outcome. Differential diagnosis with other short tubular bone lesions of the hand — specifically osteomyelitis — is discussed and the possibilities of microscopic diagnosis are stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 14 (1984), S. 295-298 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors report two cases of intestinal intussusception successfully reduced by hydrostatic pressure. A postreduction filling defect in the cecum disappeared spontaneously on follow-up barium enema, and is therefore consistent with cecal edema. It appears an initial period of close observation for such cases is worthwhile, delaying the decision about surgery until after a follow-up barium enema; this may confirm the disappearance of the filling defect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten cases of primary bone tumours in infants (1 osteosarcoma, 3 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 chondroblastoma and 5 angiomatosis) are reported. All cases of angiomatosis showed characteristic radiographic findings. In all the other tumours the X-ray appearances were different from those usually seen in older children and adolescents. In the authors' opinion the precise diagnosis of malignant bone tumours in infancy is very difficult as no characteristic X-ray features are present in this age period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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