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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of a Series of [2-Substituted-4,5-bis(aminomethyl)-1,3-Dioxolane]platinum(II) Complexes (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 37 (1994), S. 1471-1485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00036a013
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylation of the CDH1 promoter as the second genetic hit in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (2000)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 26 (2000), S. 16-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Aberrant promoter methylation and the associated loss of gene expression is a common accompaniment of human cancers. Nonetheless, it has been challenging to demonstrate in any given tumour that methylation of a specific gene was causal and not consequent to malignant transformation. In this ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/79120
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germline mutations of hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes in patients with suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer (1998)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 41 (1998), S. 434-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer ; Suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer ; Sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer ; hMLH1 gene ; hMSH2 gene ; Mutation screening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The present study was designed to determine the frequency of germline mutations in the hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes in 31 families suspected of having hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer who do not fulfill the criteria of the International Collaborative Group on Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer but in whom a genetic basis for colon cancer is strongly suspected and 45 patients with sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer who developed colorectal cancer before the age of 40 years without any family history of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Genomic DNAs were prepared from peripheral blood samples of patients who were tested. All coding exons and exon-intron borders of these two genes were screened, first with the polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism method, followed by sequencing of the DNA fragments displaying an abnormal single-strand conformation polymorphism pattern. RESULTS: In 31 families with suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, we found six different germline mutations in seven unrelated families, including one missense mutation and three frame-shift mutations in the hMLH1 gene and one missense mutation and one frame-shift mutation in the hMSH2 gene. Totally, frequency of mutation was 23 percent, 16 percent and 7 percent in the hMLH1 and hMSH2, respectively. Only one missense mutation of the hMSH2 gene was identified in 45 patients (2 percent) with sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer. The mutation detection rate in families with suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that of patients with sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer (P〈0.05). CONCLUSION: Our definition of suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is useful in the diagnosis of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and for identifying those families who need genetic presymptomatic diagnosis. Our results indicate that it may be important to perform DNA testing in families suspected of having hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. On the other hand, we only detected a low mutation rate (2 percent) in 45 patients with sporadic early-onset colorectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02235756
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (1999)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 42 (1999), S. 710-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer ; Germline mutations ; Mismatch repair genes ; Genetic testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of mutations in the mismatch repair genes in families suspected of having hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. METHODS: We devised two criteria for families suspected of having hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Criteria I and II). Criteria I consist of at least two first-degree relatives affected with colorectal cancer with at least one of the following: development of multiple colorectal tumors including adenomatous polyp, at least one colorectal cancer case diagnosed before the age of 50, and occurrence of a hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer extracolonic cancer (endometrium, urinary tract, small intestine, stomach, hepatobiliary system, or ovary) in family members. Criteria II consist of one colorectal cancer patient with at least one of the following: early age of onset (〈40 years); endometrial, urinary tract, or small intestine cancer in the index patient or a sibling (one aged 〈50 years); and two siblings with other integral hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer extracolonic cancers (one aged 〈50 years). A questionnaire was mailed to members of the International Collaborative Group on Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer to determine the mutation detection rate in mismatch repair genes from the families fulfilling these criteria. For comparison the mutation detection rate for families fulfilling the Amsterdam hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer criteria in each institution was also obtained. RESULTS: Data were obtained from eight different institutions (in 7 different countries). In a total of 123 patients from 123 families (67 families fulfilling Criteria I and 56 families fulfilling Criteria II), genetic testing for germline mismatch repair gene variants was performed. Germline mutations of the hMLH1 or hMSH2 genes were identified in 24 families (20 percent). Of these, the mutation detection rate for families fulfilling Criteria I was 28 percent (19/67). The mutation detection rate for families fulfilling Criteria II was 9 percent (5/56). In these eight institutions, the overall mutation detection rate for families fulfilling the Amsterdam hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer criteria was 50 percent (77/154). CONCLUSION: The Criteria I for suspected hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer have the advantages that they can be applied to nuclear families and they can include extracolonic cancers. The results of this study suggest that families fulfilling Criteria I should be offered genetic testing. The relatively low mutation detection rate in those families fulfilling Criteria II suggests that, using current techniques, genetic testing in these families is not practical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02236922
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presymptomatic diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis coli (1994)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 37 (1994), S. 700-707 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Familial adenomatous polyposis ; Polymerase chain reaction-based presymptomatic diagnosis ; Mutation cluster region
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), an autosomal dominant inherited disease, confers a high risk of colon cancer, and recently the gene responsible for FAP, termed adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, was identified and fully characterized. PURPOSE: For the presymptomatic diagnosis of FAP, we have performed linkage studies using two polymorphic systems close to or at the APC locus; cytosine-adenine dinucleotide repeat length polymorphism and restriction endonuclease RsaI site polymorphism. METHODS and RESULTS: Based on the two polymorphic systems, we have determined the haplotype at the APC locus in 23 individuals of two Korean families with FAP. From these haplotypes of individuals, we could make the diagnosis, whether affected or unaffected, in 74 percent of 31 at-risk persons. To decrease the chance of misdiagnosis caused by recombinant events, the use of haplotypes was better than using one polymorphic system. In addition to polymorphic analysis, we have also searched germline mutations of the APC gene in eight individuals (26 percent of all 31 at risk persons) of another two FAP families which could not be diagnosed definitely by linkage analysis. A 5 base-pairs deletion at codon 1309 was detected in one of the families, and a 5 base-pairs deletion at codon 1185 was also identified in another family by using a ribonuclease protection assay followed by DNA sequencing. From these results, we could diagnose FAP with 100 percent accuracy. CONCLUSION: Linkage studies by the Rsa I site polymorphism and cytosine-adenine repeat length polymorphism as well as the polymerase chain reaction-based sequencing method provide accurate and efficient tools for presymptomatic diagnosis of FAP in their families.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02054415
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term clinical course and prognostic factors in intestinal Behçet's Disease (2000)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 692-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Behçet's Disease ; Intestinal disease ; Reoperation ; Recurrence ; Azathioprine ; Intestinal perforation ; Hemicolectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: The present study was aimed at evaluating the long-term course of intestinal Behçet's disease and determining predictive factors of prognosis. METHODS: This report is a retrospective study based on the records of 43 patients with intestinal Behçet's disease. The mean follow-up duration was 73±60 months. We evaluated the efficacy of medical treatment for the intestinal lesion at initial eight weeks. The cumulative probabilities were calculated by using Kaplan-Meier method, and the results were compared by using the log-rank test. RESULTS: Sixteen patients (38 percent) achieved a complete remission of intestinal lesions eight weeks after medical treatment had begun. The patients who achieved a complete remission had a lower probability of receiving an operation than those who had not (13 percent at 2 and 5 yearsvs. 36 and 43 percent, respectively;P=0.028). The recurrence probability of intestinal lesions was 25 percent at two years and 49 percent at five years after complete remission with medical treatment. Patients who had a history of intestinal perforation or fistula had a higher probability of recurrence after operation than those without such history (59vs. 33 percent at 2 years; 88vs. 57 percent at 5 years;P=0.020). Patients who had taken azathioprine had a lower probability of receiving reoperation than those who did not (7vs. 25 percent at 2 years; 25vs. 47 percent at 5 years;P=0.035). The length of ileal resection and whether hemicolectomy was performed had no significant effect on the recurrence or reoperation rate. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal Behçet's disease frequently requires a surgical treatment and has a high recurrence rate. The patients who achieved a complete remission with medical treatment, who had no history of intestinal performation, and who received azathioprine after operation showed better clinical courses. Resection of a short segment of bowel would be a more appropriate surgical procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02235590
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk of gastric cancer among Korean familial adenomatous polyposis patients (1992)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 35 (1992), S. 996-998 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Familial adenomatous polyposis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gastric cancer has been recognized as an extracolonic manifestation in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In Korea, gastric cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm. In a recent survey, we collected data from 72 Korean patients with FAP. Among them, three (4.2 percent) were found to have associated gastric cancer. This incidence of gastric cancer in our series is much higher than the previous reports from Japan and other countries. The expected cumulative incidence of gastric cancer among these 72 patients was 0.44, which gives the standardized incidence ratio of 6.9 (95 percent CI, 1.4–20.1). This difference in incidence of gastric cancer was statistically significant (P 〈 0.05), which implies that patients with FAP are at significantly higher risk of developing gastric cancer compared with the general population in Korea. These findings confirm an increased risk of gastric cancer in FAP patients, even in a region where gastric cancer is highly prevalent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253505
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co-carcinogenic effects of several Korean foods on gastric cancer induced by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rats (1985)
    Springer
    Surgery today 15 (1985), S. 427-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In study I, 48 ACI and Fisher inbred rats were given MNNG 100 μg/ml, with or without 1 per cent or 3 per cent red pepper diet; in study II, 164 Sprague-Dawley rats given MNNG 100 μg/ml, with or without 5 per cent or 10 per cent NaCl; in study III, 181 Wistar rats given MNNG 83 μg/ml with or without maejoo 10 gm per cent/diet; in study IV, 78 Wistar rats given MNNG 83 μg/ml with or without ginseng extract 150 μg/ml; in study V, 120 Wistar rats given MNNG 83 μg/ml with or without retinyl palmitate 150,000 IU/kg. Except for study II (28 weeks), all rats were fed the diets for 37 weeks and were examined at 38 weeks or 40 weeks. In study I, tumor incidence in rats fed a red pepper diet and MNNG solution were 57 per cent (ACI rats, 1 per cent red pepper) and 63 per cent (Fisher rats, 1 per cent or 3 per cent red pepper) which were higher than control group (44 per cent, 43 per cent); in study II, gastric cancer, 61.9 per cent (10 per cent NaCl-MNNG), 27.3 per cent (control); in study III, gastric cancer, 14.8 per cent (maejoo-MNNG), 24 per cent (control); in study IV, malignant tumor of gastroduodenum, 3.4 per cent (ginseng-MNNG), 32.1 per cent (control); in study V, forestomach papilloma, 10.7 per cent (retinoid-MNNG), 29.4 per cent (control), and cancer in duodenum and small intestine, 50.0 per cent (retinoid-MNNG), 17.6 per cent (control). Thus, gastric carcinogenesis was enhanced by red pepper and a high salt diet, was inhibited by a maejoo and ginseng diet and was not effected by vitamin A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02470087
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prognostic Factors in 2230 Korean Colorectal Cancer Patients: Analysis of Consecutively Operated Cases (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 23 (1999), S. 721-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To define the prognostic factors in Korean colorectal cancer patients, univariate and multivariate analysis were performed on data from 2230 consecutive patients who underwent resection for colorectal cancer at the Seoul National University Hospital. The prognostic variables used for the analysis included patient's age, gender, bowel obstruction, bleeding, symptom duration, preoperative leukocyte count, preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, Dukes' stage, tumor location, tumor size, depth of bowel wall invasion, number of lymph node metastases, histologic differentiation, and gross morphology of tumor. The overall 5-year survival rate was 62%. In the univariate analysis, all the factors except sex, symptom duration, and tumor size were associated with prognosis. Among the factors significant in the univariate analysis, Dukes' stage (p 〈 0.001), number of lymph node metastasis (p 〈 0.001), CEA level (p 〈 0.001), tumor location (p= 0.003), gross morphology of tumor (p= 0.017), and depth of bowel wall invasion (p= 0.031) were significant in the multivariate analysis. Several differences in prognostic factors between colon cancer and rectal cancer were observed. In the multivariate analysis, gross tumor morphology was significant only for colon cancer, and histologic differentiation was significant only for rectal cancer. Lymph node metastasis was an independent prognostic variable for both colon and rectal cancer, but its significance was more prominent for rectal cancer. Although Dukes' stage is the most reliable prognostic predictor, this study shows that other factors (preoperative CEA level, gross morphology of tumor, location of tumor, nodal status) also provide important information for the outcome of the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00012376
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histoclinical Analysis of Early Colorectal Cancer (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 1029-1035 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of early colorectal cancer (ECC), histopathologic and clinical features of 90 ECC patients who underwent surgical resection (not including the endoscopic polypectomized cases) and 1704 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were analyzed. Smaller size, better histologic differentiation, less lymph node (LN) metastasis, and better clinical outcome were observed in those with ECC than in patients with more advanced lesions. LN metastasis was found in 5 patients with ECC among the 56 patients who underwent bowel resection (8.9%). Tumors with LN metastasis were more frequently associated with deep submucosal invasion, absence of an adenomatous component within the tumor, sessile configuration, and lymphovascular invasion. Tumors showing deep submucosal layer invasion were associated with a more unfavorable histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, LN metastasis, sessile morphology, and absence of an adenomatous component within the tumor. Recurrence was observed in two patients who underwent local excision for their submucosal cancer. One of the patients was salvaged after bowel resection, but one patient died of distant metastasis. From our data analysis and literature review, extensive submucosal invasion, lymphovascular invasion, sessile configuration, and tumors with no adenomatous component should be considered high risk factors for LN metastasis and recurrence after limited therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002680010143
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