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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 538-544 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Microglia ; Brain macrophages ; Immuno-histochemistry ; Ki-M1P
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The monoclonal antibody Ki-M1P recognizes a formalin/paraffin-resistant differentiation epitope of monocytes and their macrophage derivatives [Radzun et al., Lab Invest 65:306, 1991]. To evaluate its usefulness for neuropathology, we examined a variety of routinely processed tissues using immunohistochemistry. In normal brains, positivity was restricted to ramified microglial cells. Intense labeling of macrophages, ramified and ameboid microglial cells, and rod cells was seen in brains with various degenerative and inflammatory disorders. Astrocytes were negative as determined by double-immunofluorescence labeling using Ki-M1P and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Histiocytic lesions (histiocytosis X, xanthogranulomas, granulomatous inflammation) were immunopositive. Among 107 tumors, reactivity of Ki-M1P was observed with some schwannoma and meningioma tumor cells. In addition to macrophages, most gliomas contained small, elongated Ki-M1P-positive cells, which were negative for GFAP. Positivity was also found in two glioblastoma cell lines. Immunoblotting performed on spleen, meningioma and glioblastoma specimens revealed one to three bands in the range of 110 to 130 kDa. We conclude that Ki-M1P can serve as a reliable marker for brain macrophages and microglial cells in routinely processed normal and non-neoplastic tissues, whereas due to the unexpected immunoreactivities results obtained with neoplastic tissues should be carefully interpreted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o256-o257 
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, C11H13NO2S2, (II), is formed from methanol trapping of the cyclic cation derived from 1-methylthio-1-benzylthio-2-nitroethylene (I), in triflic acid. Compound (II) is characterized by its E-configured oxime and the boat conformation of its non-aromatic ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o1113-o1115 
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Single crystal neutron diffraction techniques are used to determine the crystal structure of 2,6-dimethylpyrazine (DMP), C6H8N2, at 20 K. The space group is P21/a with Z = 4, as at room temperature. The methyl groups are ordered. There are two crystallographically inequivalent methyl groups in the unit cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. o1116-o1117 
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Single-crystal neutron-diffraction techniques are used to determine the crystal structure of 2,6-dimethylpyrazine (DMP), C6H8N2, at 5 K. The space group is P21/a with Z = 4, as at room temperature. The methyl groups are ordered. There are two crystallographically inequivalent methyl groups in the unit cell. Different rotational dynamics may account for the two rotational tunnelling transitions observed with inelastic neutron-scattering techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We describe here the oncostatin M (OSM)-dependent inhibition of in vivo tumour formation after intracerebral inoculation of glioblastoma cells in mice. We generated human glioblastoma cells transfected with the OSM gene under the control of a tetracycline-response promoter. Upon removal of tetracycline from the medium, cells exhibited a differentiated cell morphology, while proliferation was significantly inhibited. After implantation of these cells into nude mice brains, large tumours developed in animals lacking OSM expression, whereas no tumour formation was observed in mice with induced OSM expression. Our results suggest that OSM exerts pronounced antitumorigenic effects on glioblastoma cells in vivo and provide arguments for a therapeutic application of OSM in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1439-099X
    Keywords: Key Words: Glioma ; Scintigraphy ; Amino Acid ; SPECT ; Blood brain barrier ; Schlüsselwörter: Gliom ; Szintigraphie ; Aminosäure ; SPECT ; Blut-Hirn-Schranke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Hintergrund: Die szintigraphische Darstellung der Verteilung des 201Thallium (201T1-SPECT) und der Aminosäure 123I-α-Methyltyrosin (123-I-IMT-SPECT) wird zur Evaluierung von Gliomen eingesetzt. Während die 201T1-Aufnahme analog zum zerebralen Kaliumeinstrom erfolgt, wird 123I-IMT mit Hilfe eines Aminosäurecarriers über die Blut-Hirn-Schranke transportiert. Ziel der Studie war ein Vergleich der Darstellng der Gliomausdehnung mit den beiden Verfahren. Patienten und Methode: 17 Patienten mit malignen Gliomen wurden mit beiden Verfahren untersucht (Astrozytom III: n = 6, Ependymom III: n = 1, Oligodendrogliom III: n = 1, Glioblastom IV: n = 9). Die Schnittbilder wurden anatomisch abgeglichen und die Schicht mit der jeweils maximalen Tumorausdehnung aufgesucht. Die Tumorfläche wurde gemessen und die Tumorausdehnung visuell beurteilt. Ergebnisse: Die Tumorausdehnung stellt sich bei den WHO-III-Tumoren mit 123-I-IMT-SPECT signifikant größer dar als in der 201T1-SPECT (Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung 816 ± 281 Pixels vs. 600 ± 220 Pixels, n = 8, p 〈 0,05, Abbildung 1a), die Größe der Glioblastome war in beiden Untersuchungen vergleichbar (977 ± 571 vs. 1051 ± 588, n = 9, p = 0,57, Abbildung 1b), wobei die visuelle Beurteilung in einigen Fällen regionale Unterschiede der Speicherintensität zeigte. In der Gesamtgruppe ergab sich eine schwache, aber signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen der maximalen 201-T1-Aufnahme einerseits und einem Quotienten aus der mit 123-I-IMT und der mit 201T1 dargestellten Fläche andererseits (n = 17, r = 0,49, p 〈 0,05, Abbildung 2). Somit wurde der Unterschied in der Flächendarstellung mit steigender 201T1-Aufnahme kleiner. Schlussfolgerungen: 123I-IMT-SPECT zeigt bei Gliomen WHO-Grad III eine größere Tumorausdehnung als 201T1-SPECT. Da in früheren Untersuchungen gezeigt wurde, dass in den meisten Fällen eine Störung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke Voraussetzung für die zerebrale 201T1-Akkumulation ist, kann die 123I-IMT-SPECT möglicherweise Tumoranteile darstellen, die keine vermehrte endotheliale Durchlässigkeit aufweisen. Inwiefern diese Zusatzinformation zur Planung einer Operation oder einer Strahlentherapie eingesetzt werden kann, muss in zukünftigen Studien gezeigt werden. Mit steigender Malignität und zunehmender 201T1-Aufnahme nehmen die genannten Vorteile des 123I-IMT ab.
    Notes: Background: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 201T1 and 123I-α-methyl tyrosine (123I-IMT) are routine methods for the evaluation of brain tumors. 123-I-IMT transport across the blood brain barrier is mediated by an amino acid carrier, 201T1 accumulation is analogous to cerebral potassium uptake. Patients and Methods: To determine the differences in glioma extension as shown by the 2 methods, 17 patients with malignant gliomas were included in this comparative imaging study: astrocytoma III: n = 6, ependymoma III: n = 1, oligodendroglioma III: n = 1, glioblastoma IV: n = 9. The tomographic image sets were matched anatomically and the slices showing maximal tumor extension were identified in both image sets respectively. Tumor spread was compared visually and the tumor extension was quantified. Results: In gliomas WHO III tumor extension was delineated significantly larger by 123I-IMT-SPECT than by 201T1-SPECT (mean ± SD: 816 ± 281 pixels vs 600 ± 220 pixels, n = 8, p 〈 0.05). The size of glioblastomas was shown in a comparable manner by the 2 methods (977 ± 571 vs 1,051 ± 588, n = 9, ns, p = 0.57), but there were considerable regional differences between the area of 201T1 uptake and amino acid retention. In the whole group a weak but significant negative correlation between intensity of 201T1 uptake on the one hand and a ratio of the area as depicted by 123I-IMT vs area as depicted by 201T1 on the other hand, was found (n = 17, r = 0.49, p 〈 0.05). Thus the differences in the delineation of areas became smaller with increasing 201T1 uptake. Conclusions: These preliminary data indicate that the extension of gliomas is depicted differently by the 2 methods. 123I-IMT-SPECT shows a larger tumor extension especially in gliomas WHO III. Since 201T1 uptake has previously been shown to correlate with disruption of the blood brain barrier, 123I-IMT-SPECT may delineate tumor parts without endothelial leakage. This additional information may be helpful in planning surgical or radiation therapy. The advantages of 123I-IMT in this respect decrease with increasing 201T1 uptake and with increasing malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 1106-1108 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the structure of triiodomesitylene (1,3,5-triiodo-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene), C9H9I3, at 293 K, the benzene ring is found to be significantly distorted from ideal D6h symmetry; the average endocyclic angles facing the I atoms and the methyl groups are 123.8 (3) and 116.2 (3)°, respectively. The angle between the normal to the molecular plane and the normal to the (100) plane is 5.1°. No disorder was detected at 293 K. The thermal motion was investigated by a rigid-body motion tensor analysis. Intra- and intermolecular contacts are described and topological differences compared with the isomorphous compounds trichloromesitylene and tribromomesitylene are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. 815-816 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The cation of the title compound, C12H15N2O+·CF3SO3−, exists as an E-configured hydroxyimino derivative conjugated with a nearly planar iminium system. The twist angle between the phenyl ring and the oxime group is 72.2 (2)°. An O—H...O hydrogen bond links the oxime group of the cation to the anion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: We have determined the crystal structure of manganese(II) diacetate tetrahydrate at 300 and 14 K by single-crystal neutron diffraction. Proton density distributions for each of the three crystallographically distinct methyl groups have been calculated by Fourier difference. At room temperature the observed densities are those of quasi-free rotors. At low temperature rather well localized protons are observed. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements performed with single crystals allow us to assign each of the three tunnelling lines to a particular crystal site. Classical molecular dynamics simulations give density distributions in qualitative agreement with the observations. With quantum mechanics proton distributions can be represented with rotational wavefunctions convoluted with static distributions of librational coordinates. The effective rotational potentials are temperature dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Choroid plexus ; Extracellular matrix ; Gliomas ; Pituitary gland ; Type VII collagen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of type VII collagen was examined in the normal human nervous system, in brain tumour biopsies and in glioma cell lines by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. In normal tissue, positivity was observed beneath choroid plexus epithelial cells and around pineal gland and pituitary gland cell nests, while other brain regions and peripheral nerves were negative. Expression was preserved in most related tumours (choroid plexus papilloma, pineoblastoma, pituitary adenoma). Scattered abnormal vessels showed neoexpression of type VII collagen in about half of the astrocytic and ependymal tumours. Glioma cells in situ were consistently negative for type VII collagen, where-as the glioblastoma cell lines were positive. Our results suggest that anchoring fibrils or at least epitopes of their major structural component are present in normal and pathological cerebral structures, indicating a unique distribution of type VII collagen in the nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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