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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulus dimensions of the cold pressor test and the associated patterns of cardiovascular response (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 31 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Hemodynamics of the cold pressor response in relation to its pain and nonpain stimulus components were investigated in normotensive college men using the foot and forehead cold pressor tasks. Mechanisms of pain- and non-pain-related increases in blood pressure were analyzed as residual effects of concurrent changes in total peripheral resistance and cardiac output. The identified partial relationships suggested that the response pattern associated with pain included positive change both in cardiac output and in total peripheral resistance, whereas the nonpain-related response was limited to an increase in total peripheral resistance. Analyses of individual differences in car-diovascular responses to pain further indicated that pain-related increments in blood pressure were mediated by a steeper rise in total peripheral resistance, an increase in heart rate, and an apparent increase in preload. At baseline, high reactors to pain manifested relatively elevated total perpheral resistance, diminished cardiac output, and an indication of a reduced inotropic state, suggesting that altered basal homeostasis may discriminate normotensive individuals displaying heightened cardiovascular reactivity to aversive cold stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1994.tb02217.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood Pressure Reactivity and Perception of Pain During the Forehead Cold Pressor Test (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 28 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The relationship between blood pressure reactivity and the perception of pain was examined during a series of three forehead cold pressor tests given every other day to a group of 18 male college students. Subjects classified as high reactors on the basis of peak increases in mean blood pressure during cold pressor tests perceived the cold pressor stimulus as more painful than subjects classified as low reactors. The propensity to rate the cold pressor stimulus as painful was positively correlated with the individual level of blood pressure reactivity (baseline-free partial r=.62). Intra-individual correlations between pain and blood pressure responses were unrelated to subjects' reactivity status. Across the 3-min test, correlations between pain and blood pressure reactivity (with the effects of baseline blood pressure levels partialled out) were significant only during periods when levels of responses were relatively high. The heart rate responses were unrelated to pain ratings. Generalizability theory was applied to the analysis of temporal stability of cold pressor reactions. Both blood pressure and pain responses were highly reproducible across three sessions, appearing to express stable individual differences. The efficacy of 800 mg oral ibuprofen in controlling the cold pressor pain was also tested. Analgesic activity of the drug during the cold pressor test could not be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1991.tb01985.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological Response in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Following a Graded Exercise Test to Exhaustion (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical immunology 19 (1999), S. 135-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Chronic fatigue syndrome ; immunology ; exercise ; sedentary ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the immunological response to an exhaustive treadmill exercise test in 20 female chronic fatigue syndrome patients compared to 14 matched sedentary controls. Venipuncture was performed at baseline and 4 min, 1 hr, and 24 hr postexercise. White blood cells were labeled for monoclonal antibody combinations and were quantified by FACsan. Cytokines were assayed utilizing quantitative RT/PCR. No group difference was seen in $$\dot VO_{2_{peak} } $$ (28.6 ± 1.6 vs 30.9 ± 1.2 ml · kg−1 · min−1; P 〉 0.05). However, 24 hr after exercise the patients' fatigue levels were significantly increased (P 〈 0.05). The counts of WBC, CD3+CD8+ cells, CD3+CD4+ cells, T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, and IFN-γ changed across time (P's 〈 0.01). No group differences were seen for any of the immune variables at baseline or after exercise (P's 〉 0.05). The immune response of chronic fatigue syndrome patients to exhaustive exercise is not significantly different from that of healthy nonphysically active controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020510718013
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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