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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Metronidazole, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, and Furazolidone in Brazil (2000)
    Boston, MA, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Helicobacter 5 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1523-5378
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background. Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with a wide range of digestive diseases and is very prevalent in developing countries, although few data exist on the susceptibility of H. pylori to antimicrobials commonly used in eradication schedules in these countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of H. pylori to metronidazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and furazolidone in dyspeptic Brazilian patients. Material and Methods. Ninety consecutive H. pylori–positive patients were enrolled. Resistance was evaluated by an agar dilution test.Results. Resistance to metronidazole was detected in 38 patients (42%); to amoxicillin in 26 individuals (29%); to clarithromycin in 6 patients (7%); to tetracycline in 6 patients (7%); and to furazolidone in 4 individuals (4%). Thirteen strains were resistant to two agents, and eight strains were resistant to three antimicrobials.Conclusions. These results confirm the need for culture and susceptibility testing to define H. pylori resistance patterns in particular geographical areas before the general use of an eradication schedule. They also suggest the possibility of resistance to such antimicrobials as amoxicillin or tetracycline in geographical areas with a high prevalence of H. pylori infection and still not fully evaluated for antimicrobial susceptibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-5378.2000.00011.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of high-level tetracycline resistance in clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori using PCR-RFLP (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 40 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Tetracycline is one of four antibiotics commonly used for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, but its effectiveness is decreasing as the incidence of tetracycline resistance is increasing. In five Brazilian tetracycline-resistant (TetR) H. pylori isolates, high-level tetracycline resistance is mediated by the triple-base-pair substitution AGA926–928→TTC in both 16S rRNA genes, as was previously observed in two independent high-level TetRH. pylori strains. A polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was developed for the detection of the AGA926–928→TTC substitution, and confirmed the presence of the aforementioned triple-base-pair substitution in all five Brazilian TetR isolates. This PCR-RFLP-based approach distinguishes the high-level TetR isolates from low-level TetR and TetSH. pylori strains and thus allows the direct detection of TetRH. pylori isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00277-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute inflammatory response induced by Helicobacter pylori in the rat air pouch (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 38 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Infection by Helicobacter pylori elicits persistent neutrophil infiltration in the gastric mucosa and stimulates the release of substances that may contribute to the establishment of gastritis. In this study, we used the rat air pouch model to evaluate the acute inflammatory response to H. pylori, in vivo. A pronounced neutrophil infiltration was observed 6 h and 12 h after the injection of H. pylori into the air pouch. Strains with different genotypes were able to induce cellular influx. This response was dependent upon the amount of bacteria injected and still occurred when heat-killed bacteria were employed. An increase in prostaglandin E2 levels was observed, indicating that H. pylori induced cyclooxygenase 2 in this model. The production of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α by leukocytes was also enhanced, suggesting that this model may be useful for studying the direct activation of neutrophils by H. pylori in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00171-8
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical relevance of the cag A, vac A and ice A genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in Brazilian clinical isolates (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 36 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Infection with Helicobacter pylori strains harboring determinants of pathogenicity may lead to a strong inflammatory response in gastric mucosa. In this work, we examined the frequency of the cag A, vac A and ice A genotypes in H. pylori strains isolated from Brazilian patients and correlated these with the clinical manifestations. H. pylori was isolated from 165 patients [30 with non-ulcer dyspepsia cases (NUD); 93 peptic ulcer disease (PUD): 31 gastric ulcers (GU) and 62 duodenal ulcer disease (DU); 18 with erosive gastritis (EG); and 24 gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)]. Allelic variants of cag A, vac A and ice A were identified using the polymerase chain reaction. More than one H. pylori strain was detected in 28 cases (17%), and these were excluded from the statistical analysis. We were unable to confirm an association between ice A status and clinical outcome. There was a strong association between the genotype cag A-positive vac A s1 and PUD. However, logistic regression analysis showed that vac A s1 was the only predictive factor for PUD (OR=4.19; 95% CI 1.95–8.98). The presence of the less virulent strain vac A s2 was related to GERD (OR=8.59; 95% CI 2.85–25.91). Our results support the hypothesis that virulent strains may protect against the development of GERD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00029-4
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