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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual radioactivity of materials from decommissioning of fast reactors (1995)
    Springer
    Atomic energy 78 (1995), S. 402-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8205
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02415266
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1954)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 5 (1954), S. 89-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600271
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A note on incremental equilibrium equations and approximate constitutive relations in large inelastic deformations (1974)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 19 (1974), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Betrachtet wird die Herleitung von Gleichgewichtsbedingungen des Zuwachses aus virtuellen Arbeiten. Der mathematische Aufbau dieser Gleichungen in den gebräuchlichsten Darstellungsarten und ihre Brauchbarkeit für numerische Anwendungen wird diskutiert. Der Einfluß der Vernachlässigung der durch nichtkonservative Belastung verursachten nichtsymmetrischen Steifigkeitselemente wird angegeben, und die nicht im Gleichgewicht befindlichen Belastungsanteile werden berücksichtigt. Anschließend wird die Verwendung von Näherungen von Werkstoffgesetzen bei unelastischer Deformation im Hinblick auf die Verwendung in der methode der finiten Elemente diskutiert. Besondere Beachtung gilt den verschiedenen Näherungen und Annahmen in diesen Beziehungen und der Bedeutung der Wahl der Darstellungsart für Probleme mit geometrischen und werkstoffbedingten Nichtlinearitäten.
    Notes: Summary The derivation of incremental equilibrium equations from virtual work considerations is reviewed. The mathematical structure of these equations in the most common modes of description is discussed, and their feasibility for numerical applications is evaluated. The out-of-balance loading terms are included, and the effect of neglecting nonsymmetric stiffness terms originating from nonconservative loading is given. Then the use of exact and approximate constitutive laws for large inelastic deformation is discussed in the context of finite element applications. Emphasis is given to the various levels of approximations and assumptions in the latter type of relations and to their importance in the choice of mode of descriptions for problems with material and geometrical nonlinearities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01176266
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model of nonlinearly hardening materials for complex loading (1975)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 21 (1975), S. 173-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zahlreiche Beobachtungen des makroskopischen Verhaltens von Werkstoffen unter beliebiger zyklischer einachsiger Belastung werden gemacht. Diese Beobachtungen werden dann verallgemeinert, um ein Modell des Werkstoffverhaltens für zusammengesetzte, insbesondere zyklische Belastung zu entwickeln. Diese Verallgemeinerung führt zum Konzept der die Belastungsfläche stets einhüllenden Grenzfläche im Spannungsraum. Ein durch die relative Lage der Belastungsfläche zur Grenzfläche definierter Parameter und die plastische Arbeit während der letzten Belastung bestimmen den Wert des Plastizitätsmoduls.
    Notes: Summary A number of observations are made on the macroscopic behavior of materials subjected to uniaxial random cyclic loadings. These observations are then generalized to construct a model describing the material behavior for complex multiaxial loadings, in particular for cyclic loadings. This generalization introduces the concept of a bounding surface in the stress space which always encloses the loading surface. A parameter defined by the relative position of the loading and the bounding surface, and the plastic work done during the most recent loading, determine the value of the plastic modulus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01181053
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical conformational analysis of cyclic octa depsipeptides (1975)
    Springer
    Chemistry of natural compounds 9 (1975), S. 211-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8388
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563347
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-linear dynamic analysis of axisymmetric shells (1975)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1975), S. 535-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Incremental equations of motion are derived from a Lagrangian variational formulation for the large displacement elastic-plastic and elastic-viscoplastic dynamic analysis of deformable bodies. The material constitutive behaviour is described in terms of the symmetric Piola-Kirchhoff stress and Lagrangian strain tensors. Degenerate isoparametric elements, permitting relaxation of the Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis, are used in a finite element formulation specialized for the analysis of shells of revolution subjected to axisymmetric loading. The linearized incremental equations of motion are solved using direct integration procedures, with added accuracy obtained from application of equilibrium correction at each step. The effectiveness of the numerical techniques is illustrated by the dynamic response analyses carried out on a shallow spherical cap subjected to uniform external step pressure loadings.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620090304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accuracy and stability of integration algorithms for elastoplastic constitutive relations (1985)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 21 (1985), S. 1561-1576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An analysis of accuracy and stability of algorithms for the integration of elastoplastic constitutive relations is carried out in this paper. Reference is made to a very general internal variable formulation of plasticity and to two families of algorithms that generalize the well-known trapezoidal and midpoint rules to fit the present context. Other integration schemes such as the radial return, mean normal and closest point procedures are particular cases of this general formulation. The meaning of first and second-order accuracy in the presence of the plastic consistency condition is examined in detail, and the criteria derived are used to identify two second-order accurate members of the proposed algorithms. A general methodology is also derived whereby the numerical stability properties of integration schemes can be systematically assessed. With the aid of this methodology, the generalized midpoint rule is seen to have far better stability properties than the generalized trapezoidal rule. Finally, numerical examples are presented that illustrate the performance of the algorithms.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620210902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A refined curved element for thin shells of revolution (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 495-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A refined axisymmetric curved finite element for the analysis of thin elastic-plastic shells of revolution is described in the paper. The improved element is obtained by employing cubic polynomials in terms of local Cartesian co-ordinates for the assumed in-plane and out-of-plane displacements. This introduces into the solution two internal degrees of freedom in the cord direction of each element. These internal degrees of freedom are removed by static condensation before assembling the individual element stiffness matrices, and are subsequently recovered after the nodal displacements are obtained. On comparison with the previous formulation, this procedure greatly improves the accuracy of the solution especially with regards to in-plane stress-resultants at discontinuities in the meridional curvature and interelement equilibrium of forces. The latter fact makes it possible to analyse shells with a discontinuous meridional slope. In using this element, improvement in the convergence of the elastic-plastic solutions has also been observed.Several examples illustrate the quality of solutions. The reported study is limited to axisymmetric loadings cum boundary conditions.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030405
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buckling of spherical sandwich shells (1969)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 9 (1969), S. 433-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental investigation was carried out to determine the critical buckling loads of several shallow spherical sandwich shells. A cold-forming process simultaneously using pressure and vacuum was employed to manufacture the nearly perfect spherical facing layers from 5052 aluminum-alloy sheets of 0.006 and of 0.008-in. thicknesses. Eight shallow spherical-shell specimens of 20-in. base diameter and of 20 and 30-in. radii with 1/8 and 1/4-in. thickness of “Flexcore” have been tested in a 300-psi autoclave specifically designed for these experiments. The pressure on shells was developed by the differential pressure between the inner and the outer chambers separated by the shell being tested. When the inner chamber was maintained at atmospheric pressure and gas pressure was applied in the outer chamber, the testing procedure was termed “soft.” Alternatively, the inner chamber would be filled with fluid with the outer chamber remaining filled with gas. By initially pressurizing both chambers equally, a load on the shell could be developed by the differential pressure due to controlled bleeding of the fluid inside the inner chamber, while the gas in the outer chamber was maintained at the initial pressure. This is an accurate volume-control experiment and this testing procedure was termed “hard.” In the latter case, it was possible to monitor the displacements of the shell for each load increment with a nest of clip gages of an unique design. It was found that there is no substantial difference in the buckling loads between the hard and “soft” systems. All shells buckled in the plastic range. A reasonably good correlation is obtained with a linear theory using the double modulus for the sandwich segments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02410404
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Testing facility for frame subassemblages (1971)
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 11 (1971), S. 337-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The structural-steel rigid frame is the most widely used type of construction for high-rise buildings in the seismically active zones of the United States. During a strong ground motion, such frames are subjected to repeated and reversed lateral loading of considerable intensity, resulting in not fully understood inelastic response. A typical element for this type of construction may be idealized by a statically indeterminate assemblage of one or two horizontal beams rigidly connected to a vertical column which extends to its points of inflection above and below the joint. A facility for testing such an assemblage has been developed in which a large axial load can be applied to the column simultaneously with additional loads on the beams. A provision is also made for simulating quasi-statically the effect of the horizontal inertia forces induced by an earthquake. This is done by moving the base of the loaded column back and forth. In order to perform meaningful experiments with this facility, specialized instrumentation had to be designed and built. This consisted of a number of transducers including a unique shear transducer, and special gages for measuring displacements and rotations. In this paper, after a brief general description of the testing facility, emphasis is placed on describing the special features of the designed instrumentation, as well as the high precision photogrammetric and geodetic techniques that are used to measure deformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02320535
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