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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 91 (1969), S. 5403-5404 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 5 (1993), S. 3010-3012 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging is a noninvasive technique that allows velocity measurement in systems where classical techniques are not suitable due either to opacity or the presence of a solid phase. NMR velocity phase encode measurements for the flow of fiber suspensions yield quantitative data for the average flow field in the suspensions and qualitative information on the microscopic nature of the flow. Bulk translational motion causes modulation of the phase of the sample magnetization which provides information on the average velocity field within the sample. Motions on spatial and time scales that are small relative to the measurement scales cause damping of the magnetization, as reflected by signal attenuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 3300-3307 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Multi-dimensional tomographic-based data sets are now being used to calculate physical properties and transport coefficients. This article presents a method, based upon the propagation of uncertainties, for determining the valid range of values for the property calculated. The example used to demonstrate the method is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI) to measure fluid velocity profiles for the calculation of fluid viscosities. The resolution of the velocity data is shown to be the most important factor for implementation of the NMRI-based viscometry technique. Uncertainties in the velocity measurement are propagated through the shear viscosity calculation to estimate the standard deviation of the shear viscosities. Two data sets, experimental velocity resolutions of 0.6 and 1.5 mm/s, demonstrate that when the shear viscosity standard deviation exceeds 30% of the predicted shear viscosity value we observe a discrepancy between the data and viscosities obtained using conventional rheometrical instruments. Removal of those data points with a standard deviation exceeding 30% of the shear viscosity value provided data that agreed to within 6% of conventional rheometry data. The estimation methodology for property uncertainty can be applied prior to experimental measurements to design for accuracy over a specific range of the property to be determined. These findings are not restricted to NMRI and should hold for other tomography-based viscometers © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 3268-3275 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A magnetic microrheometer has been built, which can be used to study the rheological properties of materials that are available in small volumes and have distinct phases. The instrument performs creep tests (displacement in response to an imposed force), using magnetic microspheres of diameter 7 μm and larger. Displacement histories of the spheres are video-recorded and analyzed, with high resolution, using computer vision methods. In this article, results are presented for the magnetic force calibration and for a test using a Newtonian fluid to evaluate the performance of the instrument. A comprehensive analysis of the different sources of error in measuring Newtonian fluid viscosities was performed, resulting in quantitative delineation of the accuracy and precision of the microrheometer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 14 (1975), S. 729-740 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Viskositätsmessungen an Polyäthylenoxid-(WSR-301)-Lösungen mit Konzentrationen zwischen 0,0511 g/dl und 4,014 g/dl ausgeführt, die aus zwei Proben von Trockenmaterial verschiedenen Alters (I, II) genommen waren. Verwendet wurde einWeissenberg-Rheogoniometer mit Kegel-Platte- und Parallel-Platten-Geometrie sowie verschiedene Kapillarviskosimeter. Werte für die stationäre Scherung wurden über acht Dekaden der Schergeschwindigkeit (10−3 〈k 〈 105 s−1) erhalten, solche für periodische Beanspruchung über mehr als vier Dekaden der Frequenz (10−3 〈f 〈 10 Hz). Es werden die Werte der Scherviskositätη(k), der Normalspannungsdifferenzenσ 1(k) undσ 2(k) sowie der komplexen Viskositätη *(f) mitgeteilt. Man findet, daß die experimentell ermittelten Werte vonη(k), η′(f) undG′(f) mit Hilfe charakteristischer Zeitkonstanten, die man aus kontinuumsmechanischen Überlegungen gewinnt, korreliert werden können. Aus dem Verlauf vonη *(f) wurde die SpannungsrelaxationsfunktionΨ(σ) berechnet, woraus sich die Koeffizienten zweiter Ordnungγ undη 0 bestimmen lassen. Diese wurden mit den auf direkte Weise gewonnenen Werten verglichen. Es wird nachgewiesen, daß das Vorzeichen vonσ 1(k) sowohl bei der Veränderung der Konzentration als auch der Deformationsgeschwindigkeit wechselt. Durch Vergleich der an den Proben I und II erhaltenen Ergebnisse wird auf Alterungserscheinungen bei der trocken gelagerten Probe geschlossen.
    Notes: Summary Measurements were made on solutions of Polyethylene oxide (WSR-301) varying in concentration from .0511 g/dl to 4.014 g/dl, prepared from two samples of dry material of different ages (I, II), using aWeissenberg Rheogoniometer with cone-and-plate and parallel-plate geometries, and also using capillary viscometers. Steady shear data were obtained for eight decades of strain-rates (10−3 〈k 〈 105 sec−1), and oscillatory data for over four decades of frequency (10−3 〈f 〈 101 Hz). Results are presented for the shear-dependent viscosity,η(k), normal stress differences,σ 1(k), σ2(k), and the complex viscosity,η *(f). It was found that characteristic fluid times obtained from continuum arguments correlated the experimentalη(k), η′(f) andG′(f) data. Using theη *(f) data, the stress relaxation function,Ψ(σ), was calculated, from which the second-order fluid coefficientsγ andη 0 were obtained, and compared to the directly measured values. Evidence is given to show that the sign ofσ 1(k) varies both with concentration and strainrate. Using solutions prepared from sample II, correlations with the material properties of solutions of sample I were found which indicated the effect of aging on stored dry samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 24 (1985), S. 69-74 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Polymer melt ; filled polymer ; transient properties ; dynamic properties ; polyethylene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The dynamic and transient rheological properties of a low density polyethylene melt and a plasticized polyvinylchloride melt filled with glass beads were measured at 200 °C and 180 °C respectively in a modified Weissenberg Rheogoniometer R-17. Its main modification consisted of the use of a piezoelectric transducer instead of the conventional torsion bar, and of the interfacing of a microcomputer Apple II plus to the Rheogoniometer for data acquisition and analysis. The glass beads were pretreated with silane and titanate coupling agents to observe the effect of the chemical modification of the polymer filler interface on these properties. It was observed that both the dynamic viscosity and the storage modulus increased with the weight fraction, but this last parameter did appreciably affect the stress growth and stress relaxation curves of the polymeric matrices at low shear rates. The effect of coupling agents on these properties was varied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 28 (1982), S. 286-293 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Dispersion was studied by subjecting clusters of spherical particles (20-400 μm) to laminar flow fields. The clusters were: cohesionless, consisting of particles suspended in the same liquid as the bulk medium and cohesive for which a different liquid was used to make the suspension. Both qualitative and quantitative results are presented.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 17 (1979), S. 969-985 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The shear-dependent complex viscosity η*12, which governs the linear time-dependent stresses in a viscoelastic fluid undergoing infinitesimal shearing oscillations in-line with a viscometric motion, has been investigated. Formulas relating η*12 to measured quantities have been derived for the cone-and-plate and parallel-plate geometries. In the former case, the formula has the same form as that found when there is no steady shearing present. For the parallel-plate geometry, the formula is different because of the radial variation in the viscometric shear rate. In order to determine the empirical significance of this formula, η*12 data were obtained for two fluids, NBS nonlinear sample No. 1 and a 4.3 g/dl aqueous polyethylene oxide (molecular weight, 5 X 106) solution using a Weissenberg rheogoniometer Model R-18. Data were acquired and analyzed using a minicomputer on-line with the rheogoniometer. The obtained data indicate that good agreement between the η*12 measured using the two geometries is obtained only if the derived formulas are used. Also, it is shown that theoretical results of simple-fluid theory are valid for these data.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 23 (1985), S. 1263-1265 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental mechanics 8 (1968), S. 362-368 
    ISSN: 1741-2765
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes the application of a new interferometric method by holography to photoelasticity. Interferometric photoelasticity is a well established and elegant method; however, its use is still not commonplace in laboratories engaged in stress-optics. In the past few years, there has been a rapid growth in holographic activities. The stress-optic method described in this paper shows an alternate (holographic) method for determining both isochromatic and isopachic interference families, thus enabling a relatively easy and quick solution to plane-elasticity problems. It is also shown how the two material constants which are required can be determined simultaneously with a single calibration test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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