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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin secretion in rats with chronic nitric oxide synthase blockade (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 879-884 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin secretion ; nitric oxide ; in vivo ; l-NAME ; Wistar rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nitric oxide, which is produced from l-arginine by a nitric oxide-synthase enzyme, has been shown to be a ubiquitous messenger molecule. Recently, it has been suggested that nitric oxide might influence insulin secretion by activating the soluble guanylate cyclase and generating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). We have investigated the role of the nitric oxide pathway in insulin secretion by evaluating the insulin response to several secretagogues in rats in which nitric oxide-synthase was chronically inhibited by oral administration of the l-arginine analogue, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). Blood pressure and aortic wall cGMP content were used as indices of nitric oxide-synthase blockade. Insulin secretion was evaluated after an intravenous bolus of d-glucose, l-arginine or d-arginine. Chronic l-NAME administration induced a 30% increase in blood pressure and a seven-fold drop in arterial cGMP content. Body weight, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were not influenced by l-NAME administration. First-phase insulin secretion (1+3 min) in response to glucose was not significantly different in l-NAME and control rats. The areas under the insulin curve were similar in both groups. Insulin secretion in response to d-arginine or l-arginine in l-NAME-treated and control rats were also similar. In conclusion, chronic nitric oxide-synthase blockade increases blood pressure and decreases aortic cGMP content, but does not alter insulin secretion in response to several secretagogues. Chronic oral administration of l-NAME in the rat provides an adequate animal model for studying the l-arginine nitric oxide-pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400942
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin secretion in rats with chronic nitric oxide synthase blockade (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 879-884 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Insulin secretion ; nitric oxide ; in vivo ; l-NAME ; Wistar rats.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nitric oxide, which is produced from l-arginine by a nitric oxide-synthase enzyme, has been shown to be a ubiquitous messenger molecule. Recently, it has been suggested that nitric oxide might influence insulin secretion by activating the soluble guanylate cyclase and generating cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). We have investigated the role of the nitric oxide pathway in insulin secretion by evaluating the insulin response to several secretagogues in rats in which nitric oxide-synthase was chronically inhibited by oral administration of the l-arginine analogue, NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME). Blood pressure and aortic wall cGMP content were used as indices of nitric oxide-synthase blockade. Insulin secretion was evaluated after an intravenous bolus of d-glucose, l-arginine or d-arginine. Chronic l-NAME administration induced a 30 % increase in blood pressure and a seven-fold drop in arterial cGMP content. Body weight, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were not influenced by l-NAME administration. First-phase insulin secretion (1 + 3 min) in response to glucose was not significantly different in l-NAME and control rats. The areas under the insulin curve were similar in both groups. Insulin secretion in response to d-arginine or l-arginine in l-NAME-treated and control rats were also similar. In conclusion, chronic nitric oxide-synthase blockade increases blood pressure and decreases aortic cGMP content, but does not alter insulin secretion in response to several secretagogues. Chronic oral administration of l-NAME in the rat provides an adequate animal model for studying the l-arginine nitric oxide-pathway. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 879–884]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400942
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneous regional vascular responses to simulated transient hypovolemia in man (1994)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 414-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Hypovolemia ; Cardiac output ; Regional blood flows ; Cardiovascular reflexes ; Catechol-amines ; Healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To describe the evolution of systemic and regional blood flows during and after hypovolemia in humans. Design Simulation of hypovolemia by a prolonged application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Setting Laboratory of Clinical Research, Surgical Intensive Care Unit of an University Hospital. Participants 8 healthy male volunteers. Interventions 3 successive and increasing 15min-levels of LBNP were followed by a progressive return (10 min) to atmospheric pressure, then a 60min-recovery period. Measurements and main results Simulated hypovolemia induced a parallel one-third decrease in cardiac output (bioimpedance), musculocutaneous (venous plethysmography) and splanchnic (ICG clearance) blood flows. Adrenergic-mediated peripheral vasoconstriction prevented any change in mean arterial pressure. The decrease in renal blood flow (PAH clearance) was limited, glomerular filtration rate (inulin clearance) unchanged and thus filtration fraction increased. All the cardiovascular and biological variables returned to pre-LBNP values during the recovery period except for splanchnic blood flow which remained below control values 60 min after the return to atmospheric pressure. Conclusions Since a sustained splanchnic vasoconstriction follows a transient normotensive hypovolemia in healthy men despite adequate treatment considering arterial pressure and cardiac output, the therapeutic goals of fluid resuscitation after hypovolemic shock might be revisited and a supranormal value of cardiac output proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01710651
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition of monodesethylamodiaquine after a single oral dose of amodiaquine and three regimens for prophylaxis againstPlasmodium falciparum malaria (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 409-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amodiaquine ; Plasmodium falciparum malaria ; monodesethylamodiaquine ; HPLC ; pharmacokinetics ; prophylaxis ; metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disposition of monodesethylamodiaquine was studied in four healthy subjects after a single oral dose of 10 mg/kg amodiaquine base. Amodiaquine was not found in any sample, but the major metabolite monodesethylamodiaquine was detected and was assumed to be the sole derivative that contributed significantly to antimalarial activity in the blood. The best fit for the decay of the metabolite was obtained with a three-compartment model. The half-lives of the first two phases were 3.2 to 11.4 h for t1/2α1 and 22.7 to 50.3 h for t1/2α2 in plasma. The half-life of the terminal phase ( t1/2β) was between 9 and 18.2 days. The concentration in whole blood was 4- to 6-times higher than in plasma. Three schedules (alternate days, weekly, daily) of the conventional prophylactic dose of 10 mg/kg per week were compared in six other healthy subjects. There were significant differences in the plasma monodesethylamodiaquine levels between the three schedules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00637639
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of vancomycin in serum and tissues by column liquid chromatography using solid-phase extraction
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 414 (1987), S. 472-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4347(87)80076-2
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid chromatographic determination of amopyroquine in rabbit plasma and red blood cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 421 (1987), S. 192-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-4347(87)80397-3
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous determination of chloroquine, amodiaquine and their metabolites in human plasma, red blood cells, whole blood and urine by column liquid chromatography
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 374 (1986), S. 111-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378-4347(00)83258-2
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the hemodynamic effects of hydroxocobalamin and cobalt edetate at equipotent cyanide antidotal doses in conscious dogs (1993)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 19 (1993), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Cyanide ; Hydroxocobalamin ; Cobalt edetate ; Catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives The hemodynamic effects of two cyanide antidotes, hydroxocobalamin and cobalt edetate were compared. Design This experimental study was performed in chronically instrumented conscious dogs and at equipotent cyanide antidotal doses (hydroxocobalamin 70 mg·kg−1; cobalt edetate 10.5 mg·kg−1). Results Peak plasma cobalt concentrations did not differ in the two groups (412±183 vs 400±160 μmol·1−1). Hydroxocobalamin induced a slight increase in mean arterial pressure (+17±9%,p〈0.05) and systemic resistance (+19±15%,p〈0.05). In contrast, cobalt edetate induced an increase in heart rate (+78±33%,p〈0.05), in cardiac output (+63±39%,p〈0.05), and in maximum rise of left ventricular pressure (+33±15%,p〈0.05), did not modify mean arterial pressure, and decreased systemic resistance (−36±15%,p〈0.05). These hemodynamic effects were associated with an increase in plasma catecholamine concentrations (epinephrine: 2524±3025 vs. 58±37 pg·ml−1,p〈0.05; norepinephrine: 1106±609 vs. 343±146 pg·ml−1,p〈0.05), which in contrast remained unchanged after hydroxocobalamin administration. Cobalt edetate also induced an increase in blood glucose concentrations (9.9±1.9 vs. 6.1±1.2 mmol·l−1,p〈0.05) and a moderate metabolic acidosis, whereas hydroxocobalamin did not. After adrenergic (α1,β) and cholinergic receptor blockade, cobalt edetate did not modify heart rate and various indices of cardiac function, suggesting that it has no direct cardiac effects. Conclusion Considering its lack of hemodynamically relevant effects, these results indicate that hydroxocobalamin is potentially a safer cyanide antidote than cobalt edetate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709274
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